基于类比的软件成本估算及其一种改进方法

基于类比的软件成本估算方法利用相似的历史项目信息来预测目标项目的属性值,具有不需要校准、能够在没有统计关系可以利用的情况下发挥作用等优点。本文在类比估算四个基本步骤的框架下,详细说明了类比估算所必须进行的相关操作,并参照案例推理系统把类比估算过程描述为一个从数据收集、属性选取开始,到估算报告输出、结果重用的循环结构。根据估算实践,提出了针对大数据集的计算优化方法,不仅有效降低了估算过程中的计算量,而且在一定程度上避免了次要因素的影响,提高了估算的可信度。     

中小型软件企业的软件过程改进研究

以CMMI理论和其它软件工程理论为基础,探讨一种面向国内软件企业的软件过程改进方法,提出了一个基于CMMI的软件过程改进框架,以帮助企业提高软件过程改进能力。     

光学测量传感器的设计与分析

在非接触式检测技术中,基于主动视觉检测技术的光学测量传感器因能快速给出准确的结果而被广泛应用。这里设计的是一种基于激光三角法原理的光学测量传感器。该传感器由CCD摄像机和激光器组成,主要用于测量路面面型的整体情况。实验结果表明,此传感器在竖直方向的测量范围可达到1100mm,横向测量范围可达到1300mm;横向平均绝对误差约为0．05mm,最大绝对误差约为0．09mm;纵向平均绝对误差约为0．08mm,最大绝对误差约为0-2mm。     

改进信息化武器系统性能的仿真博弈混合方法

用定量分析的方法改进性能是信息化武器系统开发和运用中必须解决的重要问题,借助仿真和博弈分析的混合方法,在对传统混合策略纳什均衡原理应用的基础上,构建基于二人非零和(TPNZS)非合作博弈模型来改进信息化武器系统的性能,对典型信息化武器系统-舰载导弹防空系统的初步研究表明:用识别正确、错误目标能力以及导弹命中目标能力描述的舰载导弹防空系统的最优改进性能策略为△*=(0,△2*,1-△2*)=(0.0000,0.7118,0.2882).     

基于改进小波变换的EEG分析

利用小波变换来进行EEG自动识别的研究,试图将EEG自动识别由当前的癫痫领域扩大到更多的病症中来。提出了一种改进小波基的方法。该方法是利用连续小波变换来对EEG信号进行分析,选定一个最合适的小波基。在自动识别的过程中,用自适应小波基的方法来进行多分辨分析,然后用6个参数进行特征提取。实验证明此方法有良好的可行性和有效性。     

高压XLPE电缆缓冲层烧蚀故障机理分析与结构优化

高压交联聚乙烯(cross-linked polyethylene,XLPE)电缆缓冲层烧蚀故障频发,在行业内引起广泛关注。电缆结构优化有利于解决放电烧蚀问题,文中从缓冲层放电灼伤机理角度出发,建立电缆有限元模型进行电场仿真,分析讨论不同结构参数下气隙电场分布的变化,并开展模拟试验对结构优化方案进行研究。结果表明：在满足电缆设计要求的前提下,减小缓冲层厚度、减小轧纹深度、增加金属套和缓冲层的挤压深度有利于减弱接触不良导致的气隙电场畸变;平滑铝套结构与缓冲层的接触电阻较小,在抑制缓冲层放电烧蚀故障方面具有优势。     

面向弹性提升的主动配电网重构与元件修复协同方法

极端事件会导致主动配电网出现多处故障且故障元件修复时间长,传统的故障恢复方法会使得系统的弹性低。针对主动配电网的故障恢复阶段,提出了一种面向弹性提升的重构与故障元件修复协同方法。首先,结合计及负荷重要程度的主动配电网弹性指标,分析出故障恢复阶段弹性提升的主要措施;在此基础上,提出重构与故障元件修复协同策略框架,给出交替协同中线路状态变量和节点负荷供电状态变量的更新与关联。其次,建立全过程故障元件修复和重构的目标函数。针对主动配电网含多分布式电源特点带来的故障元件上下游关系难以判别问题,提出基于消线解故障环法和圈源等效法的判别方法。最后,算例结果表明,所提方法能有效地提升主动配电网的弹性。     

Automated sampling decision scheme for the AVM system

Reducing the sampling rate to as low as possible is a high priority for many factories to reduce production cost. Automatic virtual metrology based intelligent sampling decision (ISD) scheme had been previously developed for reducing the sampling rate and sustaining the virtual metrology (VM) accuracy. However, the desired sampling rate of the ISD scheme is fixed and set manually. Hence, whenever the VM accuracy gets worse, it cannot adaptively increase the default sampling rate in the ISD scheme. As a consequence, it would take more time to collect enough samples for improving the VM accuracy. Moreover, when the VM accuracy performs well all the time, it cannot automatically decrease the default sampling rate in ISD, which may result in unnecessary waste. Accordingly, this paper proposes an automated sampling decision (ASD) scheme to adaptively and automatically modify the sampling rate online and in real time for continuous improvement. The ASD scheme can monitor the VM accuracy online as well as update the VM models in real time for maintaining the VM accuracy when the VM accuracy becomes poor. Also, the ASD scheme can automatically reduce the sampling rate while the VM accuracy performs well.     

Optimization of correlated multi-response quality engineering by the upside-down normal loss function

Most of the published literature on robust design is basically concerned with a single response. However, the reality is that common industrial problems usually involve several quality characteristics, which are often correlated. Traditional approaches to multidimensional quality do not offer much information on how much better or worse a process is when finding optimal settings. Köksoy and Fan [Engineering Optimization 44 (8): 935–945] pointed out that the upside-down normal loss function provides a more reasonable risk assessment to the losses of being off-target in product engineering research. However, they only consider the single-response case. This article generalizes their idea to more than one response under possible correlations and co-movement effects of responses on the process loss. The response surface methodology has been adapted, estimating the expected multivariate upside-down normal loss function of a multidimensional system to find the optimal control factor settings of a given problem. The procedure and its merits are illustrated through an example.     

LDNP生产工艺改进对其电点火头性能的影响

分析了点火头基药2,4-二硝基苯酚铅(LDNP)的制备原理,结合制备LDNP的生产工艺,提出了一种改进的LDNP制备方法。该方法加料时,NaOH后于Pb(NO_3)_2加完,并且在后处理时利用冰醋酸将反应体系pH值调成中性。将采用改进方法制备的LDNP用来生产电点火头,经发火性能等测试,结果表明,该方法有利于提高电点火头机械强度、发火可靠性和一致性。