非刚性固相表面短程引力场与固－气相间压力

认为固相表面短程引力场对其邻近气相分子有加速作用这个提法不妥，并假定在不发生吸附且忽略分子间作用力的条件下，用统计热力学的结果讨论了非刚性固相表面短程引力场作用下，固－气相界面的气体分布及其施于固相表面之压力。     

电子碰撞脱附对蒸发式镀膜玻璃附着强度的影响

本文论述了电子碰撞脱附对提高蒸发式镀膜玻璃附着强度的影响，提出一种对现有生产工艺的改进措施。     

关于气体的内能与焓的几点看法

提出了关于气体的内能与焓的几点看法，指出内能与焓为温度的函数，而与压力、体积无关，并不是理想气体的特性。同时指出实际气体和非理想气体不是完全相同的概念，它们的区别在于实际气体的内能与焓不仅是温度的函数而且与压力、体积有关，而非理想气体的内能与焓则有可能仅是温度的函数而与压力、体积无关。     

巯基胺型螯合树脂的合成及其吸附性能研究

本文合成了一系列新的巯基胺型树脂,并测定了它们对Au(Ⅲ)、Ag(Ⅰ)、Hg(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)等金属离子的吸附性能。结果表明,这些树脂对贵金属离子具有良好的吸附性能,其中对Au(Ⅲ)的吸附容量可达1.97g金/g树脂。在Au(Ⅲ)-Cu(Ⅱ)-Zn(Ⅱ)-Mg(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)-Cu(Ⅱ)-Zn(Ⅱ)-Pb(Ⅱ)混合溶液中,该树脂只分别吸附Au(Ⅲ)和Ag(Ⅰ),而几乎不吸附其它金属离子,显示出良好的吸附选择性。     

Viscosity Measurements and Predictions for Natural Gas

A vibrating-wire viscometer of very high precision was used to measure the viscosity of methane and of two natural gases. The experimental data were, in general, taken at temperatures of 260, 280, 300, and 320 K and at pressures up to 20 MPa, and additionally in the case of methane at temperatures of 340 and 360 K and at pressures up to 29 MPa. The estimated uncertainty is ±0.3 and ±0.5% for methane and the natural gases, respectively. The new experimental data for methane were used together with zero-density or low-density viscosity values from this study and from the literature to develop a viscosity equation for natural gas composed of two contributions. The mixing rule of Wilke [J. Chem. Phys. 18: 517 1950] was applied for the zero-density viscosity part which is based on zero-density correlations for twelve components (methane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, n- and isobutane, n- and isopentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, and n-octane) and agrees with the values derived from experiment within ±0.3%. The density dependence of the residual viscosity part was correlated with methane data only, neglecting any temperature dependence, whereas the composition dependence is characterized by a pseudo-critical viscosity value. For methane the agreement between the correlated and experimental data is within ±0.5 %. The values predicted with the correlation and the experimental data agree within ±1 % for both the high calorific, H, natural gas and the low calorific, L, natural gas.Paper presented at the Fifteenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 22–27, 2003, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

Experimental exploration of discrepancies in F-number correlation of flammability limits

Flammability limits measurement has been made by ASHRAE method for some 20 kinds of combustible gases and vapors. These compounds have been selected mainly because the literature values of flammability limits are not consistent with the F-number calculated ones [J. Hazard. Mater. A 82 (2001) 113]. As a result, it has been found that the newly obtained values of flammable range are classified into three groups. For the first group of compounds, the present values agree well to the literature values. For the second group, the present values do not agree to the literature values but agree with the calculated ones. For the third group ones, the present values neither agree to the literature values nor to the calculated ones. There are 4, 13, and 6 compounds in the respective groups.     

A Thermophysical Property Databank for Technically Important Gases and Liquids

A thermophysical property databank for technically important gases and liquids has been created. It provides users with data for nearly 30 substances: monatomic and diatomic gases, air, water and steam, carbon dioxide, ammonia, some hydrocarbons, and refrigerants. The coefficients of the equations of state and equations for calculating transport properties, the ideal-gas functions, the saturated vapor pressure, and the melting pressure are provided for each substance. The system of programs allows the calculation of the compressibility factor, density, enthalpy, entropy, isochoric and isobaric specific heats, speed of sound, Joule–Thomson coefficient, viscosity, and thermal conductivity and some other properties. These values can be determined in the single-phase and two-phase regions and on the phase-equilibrium lines at temperatures from the triple point up to 500 to 1500 K and at pressures up to 100 MPa (for monatomic and diatomic gases, up to 2500 to 3000 K and 300 MPa). Properties can be calculated for the following nine combinations of independent variables: T, ; T, p; T, s; T, x; p, ; p, h; p, s; p, x; and h, s. The software of the databank has a modular structure and permits an increase in the number of substances, properties, and independent variables.     

The temperature of a vibrated granular gas

The temperature of a granular medium is defined, in a manner analogous to that of a molecular gas, as the root mean squared kinetic energy of the grains. Using a novel two-layer granular experiment, we have made a systematic study of the granular temperature as a function of driving parameters in order to determine whether the behavior of the granular temperature is truly analogous to the temperature of a molecular gas. By examining the behavior of this particular system in detail, where two fluctuating granular media are in thermal contact, we also suggest general conditions under which such analogies can be extended to other driven systems.     

变压器油中故障特征气体体积分数的预测

变压器是电力系统的重要设备,变压器油中溶解的故障特征气体体积分数是其进行绝缘故障诊断的重要依据。变压器油中气体体积分数的预测是周期性测试的重要补充。应用灰色多变量模型,对变压器油中溶解的5种主要特征气体,即氢气、甲烷、乙烷、乙烯和乙炔建立了MGM(1,5)模型,充分考虑了各种气体之间的相互影响,克服了常用预测方法在预测时只考虑某个特征参数或单独考虑几个特征参数发展变化的不足。通过预测实例分析,将MGM(1,5)模型的计算结果与相应GM(1,1)模型的计算结果比较,验证了该模型的准确性和有效性。