武汉地铁二号线越江隧道勘察与施工关键问题

武汉地铁二号线越江隧道勘察设计和施工过程中存在若干工程地质问题和施工重难点,主要有两岸有害气体、浅层砂土是否液化、盾构机障碍物和江中联络通道冻结法施工等。围绕如何正确评价及合理解决上述关键问题,做到即要极大降低施工风险又需有效避免工程浪费,通过标准贯入试验、地下水流速流向测试、有害气体探测等原位测试方法,结合地质学理论分析,从综合液化判别、地下水参数取值、障碍物和有害气体地质预测及工程处理措施等多方面提出科学建议,为设计和施工提供了详实的地质依据。     

Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from municipal wastewater treatment systems in India

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated from municipal wastewater treatment plants in India is estimated in this study. The emissions from the wastewater treatment process as well as from the electricity used during the treatment process are estimated by using the methodology of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The present treatment plants of capacity 15 997 million litres per day (MLD) contributes towards GHG emissions of 7.3 Mt of CO₂‐eq/year. The future GHG emissions would depend upon the treatment technology used for treating 34 109 MLD of untreated wastewater. The highest GHG emissions would occur if all new wastewater treatment plants are based on upflow anaerobic sludge blanket technology, 19.66 Mt CO₂‐eq/year and lowest if sequential batch reactor technology is adopted, 2.93 MtCO₂‐eq/year.     

氨气敏电极法测定污染源废气中的氨

本文介绍用氨气敏电极法在WTWpH/Ion340i测试仪上测定污染源废气中氨的分析方法,以及在分析过程中应注意的问题。     

云南都龙高铁闪锌矿的活化试验研究

对云南都龙矿区高铁闪锌矿进行了活化试验研究, 结果表明, 都龙矿区高铁闪锌矿在pH=14时, 硫酸铜的活化效果最好。新型高效活化剂L-1在pH=9时活化效果最好。与硫酸铜相比, 活化剂L-1不仅可以在低碱度条件进行活化, 铁闪锌矿的浮选回收率提高18.1个百分点, 而且具有明显的成本优势, 这为减少石灰用量、合理有效回收其它硫化矿物以及综合回收共伴生的稀有金属提供了必要的前提条件。     

新型多功能矿用危险气体传感器的研究

基于CH4气体的吸收光谱特性,采用开腔气室结构及单光束多波长探测技术,研制出一种多种功能矿用危险气体传感器.与商用的各种CH4传感器相比,它除了具有测量范围宽、精度高及响应快等常规特点外,还能进行多组气体组分含量的测量,且能对所测气体的爆炸性和危险度进行分析.     

Methodology proposal for territorial distribution of greenhouse gas reduction percentages in the EU according to the strategic energy policy goal

A 20% reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2020 is one of the main objectives of the European Union (EU) energy policy. However, this overall objective does not specify how it should be distributed among the Member States, according to each one’s particular characteristics. Consequently, in this article a non-linear distribution methodology with dynamic objective targets for reducing GHG emissions is proposed. The goal of this methodology is to promote debate over the weighting of these overall objectives, according to the context and characteristics of each member state. First, an analysis is conducted of the situation of greenhouse gas emissions in the reference year (1990) used by the EU for reaching its goal of reducing them by 20% by 2020, and its progress from 1990 to 2007. Then, the methodology proposed was applied for the year 2020 on two territorial aggregation levels following the EUROSTAT Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS), in the EU-15 and EU-27 member countries and on a regional level in 19 Spanish Autonomous Communities and Cities (NUTS-2). Weighting is done based on CO₂ intensity, GHG emissions per capita and GHG emissions per GDP. Finally, several recommendations are provided for the formulation of energy policies.     

教育爱：师爱中的高贵“谎言”--兼论尊重与理解应是教育之底线

教育爱是师德的核心内容。教育爱是一般爱基础上的特殊爱、底线道德基础上的高标道德。但教育爱事实上是一种高贵的谎言。在外显形态上，教育爱发生了偏差与质变；在内隐状态上。教育爱由无形的政治控制，是一种服从规则的职业情感策略。然而，教育爱合乎国家与个人的道德目的，是一种庄严的乌托邦。尊重与理解应是教育的底线，唯有在场的尊重与理解，才能消弭一切误会与对立。     

Predicting Volumetric and Transport Properties of Sour Gases and Gas Condensates Using EOSs,Corresponding State Models,and Empirical Correlations

Abstract

Compressibility, density, and viscosity of natural gases are necessary in most petroleum engineering calculations. Some of these calculations are gas metering, gas compression, design of processing units, and design of pipeline and surface facilities. Properties of natural gases are also important in calculation of gas flow rate through reservoir rock, material balance calculations, and evaluation of gas reserves. Usually the gas properties are measured in laboratory. Occasionally, experimental data become unavailable and these properties are estimated from equations of state, corresponding state models or empirical correlations. This article presents the results of using various equations of state, corresponding state methods, and correlations to predict the volumetric and transport properties of sour gases and gas condensates. Capabilities of PR-EOS, SRK-EOS, and PT-EOS to predict gas compressibility and density of 2100 gas samples under various schemes of binary interaction number are thoroughly investigated. This study also reports a comparison between recently developed EOS-based viscosity models and other methods to estimate the viscosity of highly sour gases and rich gas condensates.