用蒙特卡罗方法确定81-02型198Au短程治疗源剂量计算参数

针对81-02型¹⁹⁸Au短程治疗源的临床应用，用蒙特卡罗方法计算了在一半径为30cm的理论球体模型中，AAPMTG43U1所推荐剂量计算参数的数值，包括剂量率常数、径向剂量函数和各向异性函数。所得单个81-02型¹⁹⁸Au短程治疗源的剂量率常数为1.113 cGy·h^-1·U^-1，与Dauffy等的理论计算值和TLD实测值分别相差0.18%和1.62％。在源中垂轴0.1～10.0cm距离范围内计算径向剂量函数的数值，在角度0°～90°（10°间隔）、距离0.5～9.0cm（1cm间隔）范围内计算各向异性函数的数值，最后对径向剂量函数和各向异性函数进行拟合，得到实用性较强的经验公式。     

电子束吸收剂量量热计

研制了一种用于电子束吸收剂量深度分布和电子束能量测量的多层石墨量热计及一种用于吸收剂量测量和薄膜剂量计校准的石墨量热计校准装置,并介绍了两种量热计的结构和在中国原子能科学研究院14MeV加速器上的研究结果。     

低剂量γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎的发育和遗传毒性效应

为研究低剂量γ射线辐照对水生生物的发育和遗传毒性效应,以模式生物斑马鱼为研究对象,采用生物细胞辐照仪对5 hpf的斑马鱼胚胎进行不同累积剂量（0.01～1.00 Gy）的γ射线辐照处理,分析了胚胎的存活率、孵化率、畸形率和DNA损伤以及发育至150 dpf的F1代斑马鱼成鱼的繁殖能力及肝脏、肾脏和脾脏抗氧化酶的活性。结果表明：0.01 Gy低剂量γ射线辐照对斑马鱼胚胎存活率和孵化率无显著影响,但畸形率和DNA损伤显著提高;当辐照剂量超过0.10 Gy时,存活率和孵化率显著降低。5 hpf的斑马鱼胚胎接受0.01 Gy低剂量的γ射线辐照后,发育至150 dpf的F1代斑马鱼成鱼,产卵量显著降低,且具有剂量依赖性;肝脏的CAT酶的活性显著升高,表明它可能是评价低剂量γ射线辐照毒性效应潜在的生物标记物。     

直角坐标激光直写的动态曝光模型

在兼顾胶层的光吸收特性、直写光束的高斯分布特征以及直写光束与胶层相对运动的情况下,建立了直角坐标激光直写的动态曝光模型以有效预测线条的线宽和侧壁角.仿真实验表明:以恒值高斯光强曝光时,该模型与等效仿真条件下的Dill曝光模型仿真结果完全一致.进一步证明了该模型的有效性和正确性,解决了目前在激光直写中存在的只能预测线宽或在忽略光刻胶吸收作用的情况下粗略估计直写线条轮廓的问题.同时,基于该模型分别分析了直写光功率和直写速度对线条轮廓的影响机理,为优化激光直写工艺的加工参量提供了一种有效的分析途径.     

DS-86水质稳定技术及在热电厂的应用

本文针对山铝热电厂N12机组循环冷却水因原处理技术不当,造成冷凝器管速结垢、腐蚀、带不上负荷等状况,从分析认识和把握DS-86水质稳定技术其原理入手,在热电厂循环冷却水系统进行了推广应用,取得了良好的经济效益。     

辐射和热同时作用对膨润土物理化学性质和微观结构影响的初步研究北大核心CSCD

为了研究γ辐射和热同时作用对膨润土的影响,以高庙子改性钠基膨润土为研究对象,开展了90℃热作用下、不同剂量率和不同累积剂量的γ辐射老化试验。结果表明:γ辐射和90℃热同时作用引起了膨润土物理化学性质和微观结构的变化。在老化作用后,膨润土的吸水率、pH值、阳离子交换容量、层荷以及蒙脱石001晶面方向的微晶尺寸均减小,比参考样分别降低了(最大减幅)18.4%、7.8%、3.4%、2.9%和15.6%,且表现出剂量率效应;老化作用对膨润土的矿物成分及含量影响较小。在高放废物地质处置的工程屏障设计和安全评价中,应考虑膨润土性质变化的影响因素。     

光纤的总剂量效应分析研究

对光纤的总剂量效应进行了研究.介绍了光纤结构及传输特性,分析了光纤的总剂量效应.讨论了60Co-γ射线辐照条件下的试验结果.分析表明,在空间辐射环境中,光纤的传输性能在长波段受影响较小.对光纤在空间的应用有参考意义.     

硅离子注入引入纳米晶对SIMOX材料进行总剂量辐射加固

本研究工作采用硅离子注入和高温退火工艺对SIMOX材料的BOX层进行总剂量辐射加固.辐射实验结果证明了该加固方法的有效性.PL谱和HRTEM图像显示了硅离子注入及退火工艺在材料的BOX层中引入了Si纳米晶,形成电子陷阱能级,有效俘获电子,从而提高了材料BOX层的抗总剂量辐射能力.     

One of the Primary Functions of Tissue-Resident Pluripotent Pericytes Cells May Be to Regulate Normal Organ Growth and Maturation: Implications for Attempts to Repair Tissues Later in Life

Adult mesenchymal stem cells were reported more than 30 years ago. Since then, their potential to repair and regenerate damaged or diseased tissues has been studied intensively in both preclinical models and human trials. Most of the need for such tissue repair/regeneration is in older populations, so much of the effort has been performed with autologous cells in older patients. However, success has been difficult to achieve. In the literature, it has been noted that such progenitor cells from younger individuals often behave with more vigorous activity and are functionally enhanced compared to those from older individuals or animals. In addition, cells with the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells or pluripotent mesenchymal regulatory cells exist in nearly all tissues and organs as pericytes since fetal life. Such evidence raises the possibility that one of the primary roles of these organ-specific cells is to regulate organ growth and maturation, and then subsequently play a role in the maintenance of organ integrity. This review will discuss the evidence to support this concept and the implications of such a concept regarding the use of these progenitor cells for the repair and regeneration of tissues damaged by injury or disease later in life. For the latter, it may be necessary to return the organ-specific progenitor cells to the functional state that contributed to their effectiveness during growth and maturation rather than attempting to use them after alterations imposed during the aging process have been established and their function compromised.