Comparisons of Fly Ash and Deposition Between Air and Oxy-FuelCombustion in Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed with Limestone Addition

In Oxy-fuel circulating fluidized bed, the residual CaO particles may react with high concentration of CO₂ in flue gas to form bonded deposit on heat transfer surfaces in backpass when limestone is used as a sorbent to capture SO₂.In this paper, experiments were designed on ash deposition in a bench-scale fluidized bed under oxy-fuel and air atmosphere. A novel ash deposit sampling probe was used to simulate the tubes of tail surfaces. The chemical composition of fly ash and ash deposit from both air-firing and oxy-fuel firing cases were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES) and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), respectively. The degrees of carbonation reaction of ash deposits were measured by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis. The results showed that there are distinct differences in fly ash deposition rate between oxy-fuel and air firing cases, and oxy-fuel combustion with limestone addition can affect chemical composition of fly ash and ash deposit, especially for elements of Ca, Na, K, and S. However, the carbonation reaction degree of ash deposits is found weak, which is due to the relatively low CaO content in ash deposit or not long enough of the sampling time.[JP]     

Risk reduction in Sechahun iron ore deposit by geological boundary modification using multiple indicator Kriging

Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone （w（Fe）〉45%） and poor iron zone （20%〈w（Fe）〈45%）.It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body （poor plus rich） from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.     

Investigation of thickness and wax content of wax deposits in polyethylene pipe using a flow loop

In this study, the thickness and wax content of wax deposits were found to be thinner and lower in the polyethylene (PE) pipe than in the stainless steel (SS) pipe using a flow loop apparatus. The diffusivity of wax, radial thermal gradient, and wax precipitation rate in the PE and SS pipes were calculated and compared. It was found the diffusivity of wax in the PE pipe was higher and tended to enhance the wax deposition in the PE pipe, while the radial thermal gradient and wax precipitation rate were lower in the PE pipe and had the opposite effects. These factors are shown to be comparable with each other and the effect of the thermal gradient dominates the mass flux of wax from bulk to the oil-deposit interface and into the deposits finally, thus causing differences in thickness and wax content of deposits between the PE and SS pipes.     

Superparamagnetic polyvinylpyrrolidone/chitosan/Fe3O4 electrospun nanofibers as effective U(VI) adsorbents

Magnetoactive electrospun fibrous membranes consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), chitosan (CS) and pre-fabricated, double-layer oleic acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles (OA.OA.Fe₃O₄) were fabricated and evaluated as new adsorbent materials for the removal and recovery of uranium (U(VI)) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption has been investigated by batch-type experiments and the solid material has been characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (TEM/EDX) and vibration sample magnetometry (VSM) measurements prior and after uranium adsorption. The experimental adsorption data were found to be well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The results indicate that PVP/CS/OA.OA.Fe₃O₄ fibrous adsorbents exhibit good adsorption properties towards U(VI) in aqueous solutions, achieving a q_max value of 0.77 mol kg⁻¹ (183.3 mg g⁻¹) at pH 6.0. The experiments regarding the regeneration and reuse of the magnetoactive adsorbents were carried out using Na₂CO₃, at pH ~11. After four cycles, the percentage relative adsorption remained stable (~100%) whereas the desorption percentage decreased from 31.9% to 21.0%. Generally, the presented results demonstrate that the incorporation of the Fe₃O₄ NPs has a positive effect on the adsorption efficiency of U(VI) from aquatic environments.     

一种新型的缓倾斜多层矿体采矿技术

针对传统缓倾斜多层矿体的采矿方法 ,如全面法、中深孔落矿下盘漏斗法和爆力运搬法等 ,生产能力小、劳动强度大、安全性差、成本高等缺点 ,从云南锡业公司松树脚锡矿“大马芦”矿段的实际开采技术条件出发 ,提出了一种新型颇有特色的缓倾斜多层矿体的采矿方法———深孔合采井下矿废分离连续采矿法。它采用大直径深孔合采矿岩、井下矿岩集中分离、连续采矿等技术 ,变革了传统的分采工艺 ,有效地克服了传统采矿方法的弊端 ,为缓倾斜多层矿体的高效、低耗和安全开采提供了新的技术方案。     

The influence of TiAlN and enamel coatings on the corrosion behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy in the presence of solid NaCl deposit and water vapor at 450 °C

The corrosion behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy with solid NaCl deposit and water vapor at 450 °C has been investigated. Serious corrosion occurred. In order to improve the corrosion resistance, TiAlN and enamel coatings were prepared, and their effectiveness and corrosion resistance were evaluated. The results indicated that both coatings were effective in protecting the alloy against corrosion induced by NaCl deposit and water vapor at 450 °C. The protection mechanisms of these two coatings were also studied.     

Ar^39／Ar^40 dating of three typical gold deposits in southern Qinling and its implication

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＱｉｎｌｉｎｇｏｒｏｇｅｎｉｃｂｅｌｔａｂｕｔｓＮｏｒｔｈＣｈｉｎａ ｐｌａｔ ｆｏｒｍｗｉｔｈＳｈａｎｇｚｈｏｕ ＤａｎｆｅｎｇｇｅｏｓｕｔｕｒｅｉｎｔｈｅｎｏｒｔｈａｎｄｎｅｉｇｈｂｏｒｓＹａｎｇｔｚｅ ｐｌａｔｆｏｒｍｗｉｔｈ     

STUDY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC STIRRING REFINING MICRO-STRUCTURES OF PIPE-LINE STEEL SAW DEPOSITS

The effects of electromagnetic stirring on the microstructures of pipe-line steel SAW deposited metal were investigated. The results shouted that electromagnetic stirring increased the number density of inclusions with 0.2-0.6μm in diameter and promoted the formation and refining of acicular ferrite within austenite grains. The low tem-perature toughness of deposited metal was improved.     

晋东北金矿床石英流体包裹体与找矿

晋东北各种类型金矿中都广泛发育热液型石英脉，与矿化有关的石英流体包裹体的特征反映了不同的矿床类型。对该区石英脉型、蚀变岩型及磁铁石英岩型金矿床的研究表明，石英中流体包裹体的成分、温度和红外吸收光谱等特征可以作为划分矿床类型和作为金矿找矿评价的标志     

贫铀合金的大气腐蚀特性研究

通过对贫铀合金在沿海、内地的户外暴露试验和库内露置试验，研究并得到了贫铀合金的大气腐蚀特性，分析了大气中SO2、Cl-及相对湿度腐蚀贫铀合金的原因与结果. 