Consolidation and properties of binderless sub-micron tungsten carbide by field-activated sintering

The rapid sintering of nano-structured WC hard materials in a short time is introduced with a focus on the manufacturing potential of this spark plasma sintering process. The advantage of this process allows very quick densification to near theoretical density and prohibition of grain growth in nano-structured materials. A dense pure WC hard material with a relative density of up to 97.6% was produced with simultaneous application of 60 MPa pressure and electric current of 2800 A within 2 min. A larger current caused a higher rate of temperature increase and therefore a higher densification rate of the WC powder. The finer the initial WC powder size the higher is the density and the better are the mechanical properties. The fracture toughness and hardness values obtained were 6.6 MPa m^1/2 and 2480 kg/mm², respectively under 60 MPa pressure and 2800 A using 0.4 μm WC powder.     

Effect of binder-phase modification and Cr3C2 addition on properties of WC-IOC0 cemented carbide

For production of fine-grained and corrosion-resistant tungsten carbide (WC) based cemented carbides, addition of chromium carbide (Cr₃3C₂) in small amounts is standard practice. No systematic study, however, has been made of the effects of large additions (maximum 6 wt % ) of Cr₃C₂ as a substitute for tungsten carbide. This study focuses on the effect of hard-phase substitution by C₃C₂ in WC-1OCo cemented carbide. An attempt is also made to modify the binder metal cobalt by partial or complete substitution of nickel. Specimens were prepared using the standard liquid-phase sintering process and were tested for sintered porosity, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and microstructural parameters. Results confirm the findings of earlier workers regarding grain refinement and improvement of mechanical properties upon the addition of small amounts (<2 wt%) of Cr₃C₂. Modification of the binder phase improves indentation fracture toughness and corrosion resistance. Addition of Cr₃C₂ independent of the binder type improves corrosion resistance.     

基于选择性激光烧结方法的金属零件快速制造技术研究

主要研究了通过选择性激光烧结高分子原型件制造金属零件的工艺。通过采用真空压差铸造工艺。结合铸造型壳的制造，成功制造出金属零件。对基于SLS技术的精密铸造过程中的精度控制进行了研究分析，并提出了解决办法。     

叠层加压SPS烧结制备梯度硬质合金

采用叠层加压SPS烧结法制备致密的YG10/YG20梯度结构硬质合金。通过调整WC粒度和添加微量元素B来调整烧结温度,使含钴量低的粉末与含钴量高的粉末的烧结温度相近。研究了烧结温度对致密度、组织形貌、显微硬度和断裂韧性的影响,分析了沿梯度截面上C,Co,W等成分、显微硬度的变化及YG10/YG20界面的结合情况。结果表明:原始WC粒度为1μm的YG10+0.05%B混合粉末和9μm的YG20混合粉末都能在1100℃~1160℃烧结致密,相对密度达到99%以上,晶粒尺寸均匀,梯度界面结合良好,没有开裂现象。低钴端的硬度达到了15500MPa~16000MPa,高钴端的硬度为11100MPa;在294N载荷的作用下低钴端的断裂韧性为12.62MPa·m1/2,而高钴端在这一载荷的作用下没有出现裂纹,断裂韧性较高,从而实现了硬质合金一端具有高硬度,另一端具有良好的韧性的有机结合。     

Penetration treatment of plasma-sprayed ZrO2 coating by liquid Mn alloys

The penetration phenomena of liquid manganese (Mn) alloy into porous ZrO₂ (8 vvt % Y₂O₃) coating plasma sprayed on SS400 steel substrate was studied by heating in a vacuum atmosphere. The improvement in mechanical properties of the coating by heat treatment with liquid Mn alloys was examined. Liquid Mn alloys, such as Mn-Cu, Mn-Sn, and Mn-In, rapidly penetrated the coating and formed a chemical bond between the coating and the substrate. The densification of the ZrO₂ coating occurred when ZrO₂ particles were sintered with liquid Mn alloys that penetrated the porous coating. The dense coating was free of porosity, and its hardness increased after heat treatment with Mn alloys, compared with assprayed ZrO₂ coating. Moreover, the fracture toughness of the coating reached the same levels as those of sintered yttria-stabilized PSZ.     

Ni-Cr/BN烧结工艺过程探讨

研究了烧结温度对Ni-Cr/BN组织和性能的影响。结果表明BN的加入降低了材料的烧结温度;随着烧结温度的提高材料的强度、硬度和密度都有所提高;该材料的合适烧结温度在1000℃-1100℃之间。     

Microstructure of reactive sintered Al bonded Si3N4-SiC ceramics

Aluminium nitride-silicon nitride-silicon carbide （AIN-Si3N4-SiC） composite ceramics were prepared to increase the bending strength and improve the phase structure of Si3N4-based ceramics. The ceramics were made by reactive sintering in N2 atmosphere at 1 360 ℃, using Al as sintering additive. The phase composing of ceramics was identified with an X-ray diffractometer and the microstructure of the materials was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the phase structure is affected remarkably and the interface modality is changed. The interface between Si3N4 and SiC becomes blurry and that between SiC and AlN matches more better at the same time. But the liquid-phase appears during the reactive sintering along with the addition of AI by which the melting point of Si is decreased. The appearance of liquid Si decreases the bending strength of the ceramics. Lower temperature nitrification technic was introduced to avoid the appearance of liquid-phase Si. The optimum addition of Al was investigated by XRD and SEM analysis in order to obtain the maximal bending strength of materials.     

WC-Co硬质合金的相转变

用高温 X射线衍射装置对低碳 WC- 2 0 Co合金混合料进行了从室温到130 0℃连续升温过程的动态相转变研究。结果表明 ,以低碳 WC粉为原料的 WC- Co系合金在真空烧结升温过程中是通过钨和碳原子的扩散作用消耗原料中的游离态钴和WC(90 0℃以下是 W2 C和单质钨 )进行的脱碳型不平衡相转变。除 90 0℃以下由原料中的 W2 C(和单质钨 )及游离态钴生成η1 相外 ,10 0 0℃以上升温过程中生成的高温相η化合物和金属间化合物与原料中固有的 W2 C(和单质钨 )含量无关 ,也与钴的同素异构相变无关。烧结降温期间高温相通过增碳作用平衡转变成游离态钴和 WC,室温合金中的η1 相含量完全取决于原料中 W2 C(和单质钨 )的含量     

防渗硫涂料在呋喃树脂自硬砂铸钢件生产中的应用研究

硫是导致铸钢件产生热裂的主要因素之一。根据呋喃树脂自硬砂在浇注铸钢件时热分解而形成的SO2 气体向液态金属扩散机理 ,研究试验了九种不同成分的锆基涂料对铸钢件表面防渗硫的效果。试验表明 ,烧结型涂料的防渗硫效果明显优于反应型涂料 ,而烧结 反应复合型涂料的效果最好