Plenary Session: The Operator's Reliability and Safety in Industry L'Homme Agent d'infiabilite et de Fiabilite du Processus Industriel

When we look at the course of development of world civilization, we can recognize that the speed of development is becoming faster and faster. The author tries to examine the possible danger of this accelerated speed or change and to explain Japan's high pitch development after the opening of her door to the western world about 100 years ago. Ho also explains how human factors studies have been developing in Japan and their significance with regard to social change. Concerning this rapidly changing world civilization, he discusses the mission of human factors research in the future and the ways to maintain humanity.     

On the strength of polycrystalline tungsten monocarbide

The paper consists of analytical and applied parts. The mathematical means of mechanics of hexagonal polycrystals are used in the former. Here the correspondence of the published data on single crystal elastic constants of tungsten monocarbide to elasticity moduli of polycrystalline WC has been analyzed. The relationship between ultimate tensile stress and ultimate compressive stress of polycrystalline tungsten monocarbide has been established too. The dependence of ultimate tensile stress and ultimate compressive stress of polycrystalline tungsten monocarbide on mean grain diameter is considered in the applied part. Here the available experimental data are used.     

塑料材料的摩擦学性能研究综述

述了塑料材料摩擦、磨损的研究概况,详细阐述了摩擦因数、载荷、温度、速度、润滑、表面粗糙度pv值和热性能等因素对塑料材料摩擦性能的影响,介绍了磨损的衡量标准和测量方法.     

碳纤维热氧化行为及其机理

对聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维进行热氧化处理,借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱,拉曼光谱等手段表征了PAN基碳纤维的热氧化行为,研究了其热氧化机理。结果表明:热氧化使PAN基碳纤维表面氧元素含量大幅升高,碳含量下降,氧以C—OH或C—O—C基团的形式吸附到表面、在550℃左右以C=O基团大量分解的形式腐蚀纤维,破坏纤维形貌;同时热氧化腐蚀纤维中的非石墨碳,使得有序的石墨结构向非石墨无序结构转变,破坏碳纤维的晶体结构。     

Visualization and quantification of water movement in porous cement-based materials by real time thermal neutron radiography:Theoretical analysis and experimental study

Water movement in porous cement-based materials is of great importance when studying their deterioration processes and durability.Many traditional methods based on mass changes,electricity or nuclear magnetic resonances are available for studying water transport in cement-based materials.In this research,an advanced technique i.e.thermal neutron radiography was utilized to achieve visualization and quantification of time dependent water movement including water penetration and moisture vapor in porous cemen...     

Could sperm quality be affected by a building environment? A literature review

The human body responds psychologically and physiologically to the thermal environment to which it is exposed. Fanger's PMV model has been adopted for the design of built environments and building maintenance from the end of the 1960s. The sperm quality of humans has been decreasing since the 1970s. The thermal environment is one of the most important factors of the Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). It is well known that spermatogenesis is very sensitive to heat exposure. Mild thermal exposure increases tissue microcirculation and consequently produces an appropriate supply of nutrients and oxygen to tissue cells; thus, it can modulate the proliferation of Sertoli cells in which the spermatogonia stem cells develop into adult spermatozoa. Excessive exposure to heat is harmful to spermatogenesis, and excessive testicular cooling can cause the cessation of spermatogenesis.     

稳恒磁场处理对聚乙烯/炭系填料复合材料电导特性的影响

在聚乙烯(PE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)/炭黑、LDPE/石墨、LDPE/碳纳米管的热压成型过程中施加稳恒磁场,研究了磁场处理对聚乙烯/炭系填料复合材料电导特性的影响。研究结果表明:磁场处理能导致聚乙烯的结晶度提高,聚乙烯和LDPE/炭黑复合材料的体积电阻率增加;磁场在石墨片层内和碳纳米管中"诱导"形成感应磁矩,使得石墨片层和碳纳米管分别沿垂直于磁场方向和平行于磁场方向在LDPE中取向,从而导致LDPE/石墨复合材料沿平行于磁场方向的电导率减小,而LDPE/碳纳米管复合材料沿平行于磁场方向的电导率增加。     

增强隔热轻量板材在冷柜吸附内胆上的应用

本文对传统的高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)吸附内胆板材结构进行优化创新设计,将原来的单层内胆结构板材,通过在挤出板材的母粒中均匀添加专用发泡制剂,并采用新型双层共挤工艺,使挤出成型的板材形成复合双层结构,一层为高光致密层,保证吸附成型后内胆表面具有高光质量效果;另一层为微气孔疏松层,无数微气孔形成的密闭气室起到增强隔热的作用,提高整机的能耗等级,低碳环保;同时疏松层密度降低,使整个板材轻量化,节省原材料,实现内胆板材成本竞争力提升。该项技术结构工艺的推广应用,对整个家电行业的3R绿色设计发展将起到巨大的推动作用。     

交联聚乙烯热老化与绝缘性能的关联关系

为研究交联聚乙烯（cross-linked polyethylene,XLPE）绝缘材料的热分解活化能、电气特性和力学特性随热老化程度变化的规律,对交流电力电缆绝缘用XLPE材料在110 ℃下开展加速热老化实验。采用热失重（thermogravimtric analyzer, TGA）测试手段,对XLPE在20~600 ℃的热分解行为进行研究;采用交流击穿测试、宽频介电谱测试及体积电阻率测试,研究老化后XLPE试样的电气特性;采用拉伸实验测试,研究老化后XLPE试样的力学特性。结果表明：热老化使得XLPE的交联结构和结晶状态被破坏,XLPE活化能呈减小趋势。由于氧化反应快速进行,使得XLPE分子链发生断裂,交联结构变弱,导致XLPE绝缘材料严重劣化,其活化能、击穿强度、体积电阻率、弹性模量和断裂伸长率随老化时间增长呈下降趋势,而介电常数、介电损耗和电导率呈增加趋势。     

极性反转电压下非线性电导硅橡胶复合材料电荷积聚特性

直流电缆附件是直流输电系统的薄弱环节,为研究非线性电导对极性反转电压下电缆附件硅橡胶绝缘电荷积聚特性的影响,通过添加SiC颗粒制备具有非线性电导的硅橡胶复合材料试样,利用三电极法和表面电位测量系统获得试样的电导率和表面电荷特性。实验结果表明：由于试样中SiC晶粒的晶格振动引起载流子晶格散射,高温会造成试样电导率降低;试样表面电荷平面分布特性表明,电晕电压极性反转后,平板试样内部残留的原极性电荷与表面的异极性电荷提高了局部电场强度,使试样的电导率升高,加速了表面电荷向试样内部迁移和异极性电荷中和过程,抑制了表面电荷的积聚。