Hydrogenolysis of alkanes and olefin polymerization on the silica-supported zirconium hydrides: A comparative DFT study

The model reactions of ethylene polymerization and hydrogenolysis of linear alkanes (propane, n-butane, and n-pentane) on the silica-supported zirconium hydrides (Si–O)₃Zr^IVH, (Si–O)₂Zr^IVH₂, and (Si–O)₂Zr^IIIH were studied using the DFT approach. Catalytic processes under study were shown to occur involving different surface hydrides. The ethylene polymerization was found to proceed at comparable rates on the zirconium monohydrides, (Si–O)₃ZrH, and dihydrides, (Si–O)₂ZrH₂. Cleavage of linear alkanes on the monohydrides (Si–O)₃ZrH is thermodynamically unfavorable; however, the dihydrides (Si–O)₂ZrH₂ can act as catalysts of the process under mild conditions. Hydrides of the trivalent zirconium, (Si–O)₂Zr^IIIH, can also contribute to the hydrogenolysis reaction. A feature of all the systems studied is low regioselectivity of the corresponding processes.     

CZP陶瓷的烧结特性与抗热冲击性能

采用固相合成法制备CaZr4（PO4）6（calcium zirconium phosphate,CZP）陶瓷粉体。研究添加剂对CZP陶瓷烧结特性和热膨胀系数的影响以及CZP陶瓷的抗热冲击性能。通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜分析、热膨胀法和Archimedes排水法分别表征CZP陶瓷的晶体结构、微观形貌、热膨胀系数和体积...     

一种酸性压裂液研制及其性能评价

针对低渗透、碱敏性储层,研制了一种以有机锆为交联剂,羧甲基羟丙基胍胶为增稠剂的酸性压裂液体系,并对压裂液相关性能进行了系统评价。实验结果表明,当增稠剂溶液浓度为0.4%,交联比为100∶2,破胶剂加量为0.06%时,与压裂液助剂粘土稳定剂、缓蚀剂、助排剂等配制的压裂液破胶液粘度为1.013 mPa.s,残渣含量为261 mg/L,防膨率为90.5%,表面张力为27.6 mN/m,平均缓蚀速率为0.826 g/(h.m2),在90℃下滤失速率为0.575×10-5 m/min0.5,对储层的伤害率小于15%。     

氧氯化锆的生产及其在现代新能源中的应用

介绍了氧氯化锆（氧化锆）的生产原理和生产工艺，一酸一碱法是国内外普遍采用的方法，沸腾氯化法是国际上较为先进的锆英石分解方法，阐述了氧氯化锆（氧化锆）产品在镍氢动力电池负极材料（贮氢材料AB2）、燃料电池（特别是高温固体氧化物燃料电池），电池隔膜纸中的应用前景。     

水热法制备氧化锆微粉的进展

二氧化锆纳米粉是制造高科技陶瓷的重要原料，水热法是目前生产纳米粉体最具发展潜力的工艺方法之一。综述了水热法（包括水热沉淀、水热氧化、水热电埋弧、微波水热等）在生产纳米二氧化锆系粉体中的应用，以及水热法的发展情况。     

Novel and Ideal Zirconium-Based Dense Membrane Reactors for Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas

A novel and ideal dense catalytic membrane reactor for the reaction of partial oxidation of methane to syngas (POM) was constructed from the stable mixed conducting perovskite material of BaCo_0.4Fe_0.4Zr_0.2O_3– and the catalyst of LiLaNiO/-Al₂O₃. The POM reaction was performed successfully. Not only was a short induction period of 2 h obtained, but also a high catalytic performance of 96–98% CH₄ conversion, 98–99% CO selectivity and an oxygen permeation flux of 5.4–5.8 mlcm^–2min^–1 (1.9–2.0 molm^–2S^–1Pa^–1) at 850°C were achieved. Moreover, the reaction has been steadily carried out for more than 2200 h, and no interaction between the membrane material and the catalyst took place.     

水热法制备ZrO_2纳米微晶及对乙醇和丁烷气敏性研究

用水热法制备 Zr O2 纳米微晶的平均尺寸为直径 5 nm,长 7.5 nm。由 X射线衍射确认晶相为单斜相。并对其形状和大小进行了透射电镜和激光散射分析 ,结果表明 Zr O2 纳米粒子在水溶液中存在软团聚 ,团聚体平均尺寸约 90 nm。着重研究了 Zr O2 纳米微晶对乙醇及丁烷的气敏性能 ,结果表明用纳米级 Zr O2 粒子制备的气敏元件对乙醇和丁烷有好的气敏性。并且随着纳米粒子尺寸降低 ,对气体敏感性增强     

氯氧化锆生产中除钠工艺的研究

概述烧碱生产氯氧化锆工艺的传统方法，介绍新的除钠方法，该法比传统方法具有明显的优势。     

EDTA络合滴定法测定锆英石中的锆铪合量

本文介绍了一种测定锆英石中锆铪合量的EDTA络合滴定法,分析了标准样品及实际样品,并验证了该方法的可行性。结果表明,该方法准确、简单、可行性较强。     

Zirconium-based intermetallics as heterogeneous catalysts for the fischer-tropsch reaction: I. Zr-Ni-Co catalysts

Alloys of the general formula Zr₅₀Ni_xCO_50-x, where 0 ≦x≧ 50, have been prepared and used in the temperature range 300–400°C, in the pressure range 1–9 barg in a microtubular reactor for the reaction of hydrogen with carbon monoxide to give hydrocarbons. The alloys or intermetallic materials were prepared by argon arc melting, powdered by hydrogen decrepitation and characterised by means of optical microscopy (metallography), scanning electron microscopy with surface analysis and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The selectivity towards higher hydrocarbons increased with (i) increase in the total pressure and (ii) decrease in hydrogen content of the feed gases. The kinetics were found to be of the form: where m = 1.0 ± 0.2 and n = 0. The apparent energy of activation (E_a) lay in the range of 80–130 kJ mole^?1 and there appeared to be a compensation effect between E_a and the pre-exponential factor A. The turnover numbers for the reaction exhibited an activity maximum for alloys of composition around Zr₅₀Ni₄₀Co₂₀ and Zr₅₀Ni₃₀Co₂₀. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated that alloys changed their nature from moderately paramagnetic to strongly paramagnetic or even ferromagnetic after use and this is attributed to the conversion of zirconium to zirconium oxide during reaction with the attendant production of free 3d-transition metals. Derived catalysts prepared by air treatment of the hydrogen-decrepitated intermetallics behaved almost identically to the latter materials and gave similar magnetic susceptibility values to used hydrided materials.