Fatigue life calculation by means of the cycle counting and spectral methods under multiaxial random loading

The paper contains a new algorithm for estimation of fatigue life in HCF regime under multiaxial random loading using spectral methods. Loading of Gaussian distribution and narrow‐ and broad‐band frequency spectra were assumed. Various characteristic states of multiaxial loading were considered. The equivalent stress history was determined with use of the failure criteria of multiaxial fatigue based on the critical plane. For determination of the critical plane position, the method of variance was applied. During simulation, the authors compared the results obtained by a spectral method in the frequency domain with those from the rain‐flow algorithm in the time domain. The paper also contains the results of fatigue tests for 18G2A structural steel subjected to bending and combined bending with torsion. The tests were performed in order to verify the proposed algorithms for determination of fatigue life. It has been shown that under multiaxial random loading results of fatigue life calculated according to the considered algorithms in frequency and time domains are well correlated with the results of experiments.     

大直径开孔数控火焰切割机的研制

介绍了DKK-1型大直径开孔数控火焰切割机的设计方案及实际使用情况.该设备可完成在圆柱壳体上的大直径相贯圆孔的开孔及切坡口工作,开孔直径范围(Φ1.0～3.0m).所开孔可以是正交孔,也可以是偏心孔,并可切割变角度上下坡口.割炬高度变化范围:1.0m,切割厚度变化范围:30～120mm,切割圆孔精度:±1mm.采用齿圈转桥式旋转机构、悬臂和弧板式枪摆机构相结合的结构设计.采用程序控制、示教和人机共享控制相结合的控制策略.工控机作为数控系统主机,三相混合式步进电机作为控制电机,光电编码器作为测量器件.本文着重对机械结构设计、数控系统软硬件设计进行了讨论,并给出了设计中应注意的一些问题.本设备已成功地应用于舰船建造.     

计算两参数对称音叉式分岐曲线扩张系统的构造

构造了计算两参数分岐线的扩张系统，讨论了扩张系统的正则性。     

Barrier Trees on Poset-Valued Landscapes

Fitness landscapes have proved to be a valuable concept in evolutionary biology, combinatorial optimization, and the physics of disordered systems. Usually, a fitness landscape is considered as a mapping from a configuration space equipped with some notion of adjacency, nearness, distance, or accessibility, into the real numbers. In the context of multi-objective optimization problems this concept can be extended to poset-valued landscapes. In a geometric analysis of such a structure, local Pareto points take on the role of local minima. We show that the notion of saddle points, barriers, and basins can be extended to the poset-valued case in a meaningful way and describe an algorithm that efficiently extracts these features from an exhaustive enumeration of a given generalized landscape.     

加速基因方法在最大流量频率曲线参数估计中的应用

基因方法是基于自然选择和自然基因机制的并行随机自适应工程模型参数全局优化估计的通用数值方法。它不限制模型结构、优化准则、被估参数的数目、约束条件等，已开始广泛用于各种工程模型的优化设计之中。文中对它的原理、步骤、特点进行初步探讨，并针对基因方法的弱点，作者提出予以改进的加速基因方法，后者在最大流量频率曲线参数估计中得到成功应用     

正轴测投影中的非轴向度量问题

简要论述了如何根据正轴测投影性质及投影变换方法解决正轴测投影中的非轴向度量问题 ,在画法几何作图方面进行了有益的探索和研究     

平面四点确定一条抛物线及其在参数插值中的应用

本文讨论了用平面有序四点确定一条抛物线及其在参数插值中的应用。提出了有用四点确定一条抛物线的算法，讨论了确定抛物线的四点相互间要满足的位置。对平面给定的一组数据点，提出了构造参数插值曲线的新方法。所构造的插值曲线是ＧＣ＾１连续的分片三次参数曲线，其插值精度为二次参数多项式。本文还以计算实例对新方法与其它方法的插值精度进行了比较。     

基于复杂地形上三角网数字地面模型的建立

本文提出了一种生成三角网数字地面模型的新方法，它首先利用凸多边形的性质与凸锥的特性来将离散点连成一三角网，计算工作特别快速有效；其次在三角网形成过程中，能将特征信息线作为三角形的边参加构网并采用了优化手段来优化三角网的现状。该方法能有效地限制狭长三角形的出现，并使生成的三角网能密贴地面，真实反映出地表形状。与其它算法相比，该方法具有思路简单明了、成网速度快、编程容易及成网质量高的特点。实际应用表明     

An Algorithm for Parametric Quadric Patch Construction

An algorithm for constructing arbitrary parametric quadratic quadric triangles in rational Bézier form is presented. The algorithm does not require the knowledge of the underlying quadric, an important property in view of applying this method for the interpolation of triangulated 3D data points. The algorithm consists of four steps starting with the arbitrary choice of the three corner points and corner weights of the patch, by then constructing a certain triangle and a tetrahedron by means of which the remaining inner control points and weights are obtained guaranteeing the resulting patch to lie on a quadric surface.     

砌体结构房屋底层墙体开洞时洞口最大宽度计算的探讨

本文根据国家现行规范和结构构件承载能力极限状态分析．提出了砌体结构房屋底层墙体开洞宽度的计算方法，供工程技术人员在工程实践中参考。