Beneficial Effects of Rhenium Additions on the Cyclic-Oxidation Resistance of β-NiAl + α-Cr Alloys

This study reports the effects of up to 4 at.%rhenium addition on the cyclicoxidation behavior of-NiAl + -Cr alloys having a basecomposition (in at.%) Ni-40Al-17Cr. Tests were conductedin still air at 1100°C for up to 250 1-hr cycles.The ternary alloy (without rhenium addition) exhibitedpoor cyclic-oxidation resistance, undergoing extensivescale spallation and internal oxidation. Additions of rhenium considerably improved the oxidationbehavior, reducing the extent of both scale spallationand internal oxidation. These beneficial effectsincreased with increasing rhenium content. Rhenium additions improved cyclic-oxidation resistanceby both decreasing the solubility of chromium in the phase and causing the interdendritic -Crprecipitates in the alloy microstructure to become more spheroidized and disconnected. Theseeffects aided in preventing both interdendritic attackand the dissolution of the -Cr precipitates fromthe subsurface region of the alloy. The maintenance of -Cr precipitates at the alloy-scaleinterface decreased the extent of scale spallation byproviding a lower coefficient of thermal-expansion (CTE)mismatch between the alloy and theAl₂O₃-rich scale.     

Effect of binder-phase modification and Cr3C2 addition on properties of WC-IOC0 cemented carbide

For production of fine-grained and corrosion-resistant tungsten carbide (WC) based cemented carbides, addition of chromium carbide (Cr₃3C₂) in small amounts is standard practice. No systematic study, however, has been made of the effects of large additions (maximum 6 wt % ) of Cr₃C₂ as a substitute for tungsten carbide. This study focuses on the effect of hard-phase substitution by C₃C₂ in WC-1OCo cemented carbide. An attempt is also made to modify the binder metal cobalt by partial or complete substitution of nickel. Specimens were prepared using the standard liquid-phase sintering process and were tested for sintered porosity, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and microstructural parameters. Results confirm the findings of earlier workers regarding grain refinement and improvement of mechanical properties upon the addition of small amounts (<2 wt%) of Cr₃C₂. Modification of the binder phase improves indentation fracture toughness and corrosion resistance. Addition of Cr₃C₂ independent of the binder type improves corrosion resistance.     

0Cr18Ni9不锈钢搅拌摩擦焊接头的微观组织和性能

采用搅拌摩擦焊工艺对3mm厚0Cr18Ni9不锈钢板进行了对接焊接。焊接接头内形成了焊核区、热力影响区和热影响区三个区域。焊核区由动态再结晶组织构成；热力影响区内的组织发生了不同程度的变形；热影响区由不完全再结晶组织构成。焊核区发生了明显的加工硬化现象，其显微硬度（HV）与母材相比提高了22％。在搅拌头旋转速度600r／min、焊接速度70mm／min下，接头的拉伸强度最高，达到412MPa。     

Effect of NiAl Microcrystalline Coating on the High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf

The effect of an NiAl microcrystalline coating prepared by magnetron sputtering on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf was investigated in static air at 1000–1150°C. The additions of Cr, Mo, and Hf changed the single -phase structure into a multiphase structure [-NiAl, -Cr(Mo), and Heusler phase]. The NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf alloy formed a nonprotective mixed scale of Al₂O₃+Cr₂O₃+HfO₂ and exhibited relatively large weight gains. The large weight gains were attributed to extensive internal oxidation. The sputtered NiAl microcrystalline coating remarkably improved the oxidation resistance of NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf due to the formation of a compact and adherent Al₂O₃ scale at all test temperatures. It was found that the --Al₂O₃ transformation caused the anomalous behavior of the oxidation–kinetics curves of the NiAl microcrystalline coating in the temperature range 1000–1150°C. A change in the morphology of scales occurred with the transformation.     

The influence of platinum on the maintenance of α-Al2O3 as a protective scale

The influence of externally located platinum on the isothermal stability of -Al₂O₃ scales formed at high temperatures has been examined. It has been observed that a nickel-base alloy forms an external scale of -Al₂O₃ during oxidation at 1200°C, but this scale breaks down isothermally, enabling a faster-growing Cr₂O₃-rich scale to develop. However, in the presence of platinum metal alongside the specimen in the furnace hot zone, the breakdown of the -Al₂O₃ scale is postponed for a substantial period of time. It appears that platinum, as the volatile species PtO₂, is incorporated into the growing -Al₂O₃ scale where it either influences the stress relief mechanism at temperature or reduces oxidation growth stress generation and thus significantly enhances the isothermal stability of the scale.     

基于ARM Cortex-M0+KL系列MCU的构件化汇编框架研究

ARM Cortex-M0+是2012年新发布的一款将逐步8位/16位微处理器市场的32位低功耗、高性能处理器,规范的汇编框架与样例是一个新微处理器深层次应用开发的基础。鉴于目前ARM Cortex-M0+的汇编程序资料与样例程序十分匮乏,加之汇编设计的复杂性,在充分分析ARM Cortex-M0+汇编寻址方式与指令系统的基础上,以Freescale半导体公司于2013年正式发布的ARM Cortex-M0+KL系列MCU为蓝本,基于CW10.3开发环境,结合软件构件设计思想,提出构件化ARM Cortex-M0+汇编框架,并编制GPIO汇编构件,给出应用实例。旨在降低读者学习ARM Cortex-M0+汇编程序的难度,完成第一个ARM Cortex-M0+规范化汇编程序。     

某一转炉或精炼炉故障下炼钢-连铸生产重调度方法及应用

炼钢-连铸生产中会出现某一台转炉或精炼炉故障, 目前已有的重调度方法没有考虑多重精炼或只进行了仿真研究, 难以有效应用到具有多重精炼的钢厂, 而采用人工调整方式则容易导致炉次等待时间过长或断浇. 为此,通过引入炉次生产状态参数, 建立0-1 混合整数规划重调度模型, 提出由“未加工”炉次的设备指派、“未加工”炉次的开工时间优化和浇铸时间调整3 部分组成的重调度方法. 将该方法应用于某钢铁厂炼钢-连铸生产调度过程的实际工程应用验证了所提出方法的有效性.

     

基于分布估计的二进制人工蜂群算法

为了充分利用种群的全局统计信息,将分布估计算法引入二进制人工蜂群算法,提出一种基于分布估计的二进制人工蜂群算法。该算法利用分布估计算法获得的全局统计信息引导候选解的产生,提高了全局探索能力;采用直接针对离散域的多维邻域更新策略,加快了收敛速度,降低了计算复杂度。仿真结果表明,与传统二进制人工蜂群算法相比,改进算法在优化精度、收敛速度和鲁棒性方面均有明显改善。