(<Emphasis Type="Italic">Z,Z</Emphasis>)-6,9-Heneicosadien-11-One: Major Sex Pheromone Component Of Painted Apple Moth, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Teia anartoides</Emphasis>

(Z, Z)-6,9-Heneicosadien-11-one (Z6Z9-11-one-21Hy) was identified as the major sex pheromone component of the painted apple moth (PAM), Teia anartoides (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), on the basis of (1) comparative gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses, GC-mass spectrometry (MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-MS, and HPLC-UV/visible spectroscopy of pheromone gland extracts and authentic standards; (2) GC-EAD analyses of effluvia of calling females; and (3) wind tunnel and field trapping experiments with a synthetic standard. In field experiments in Australia, synthetic Z6Z9-11-one-21Hy as a single component attracted male moths. Wind tunnel experiments suggested that a 4-component blend consisting of Z6Z9-11-one-21Hy, (6Z,9R,10S)-cis-9,10-epoxy-heneicosene (Z6-9R10S-epo-21Hy), (E, E)-7,9-heneicosadien-6,11-dione (E7E9-6,11-dione-21Hy), and 6-hydroxy-(E, E)-7,9-heneicosadien-11-one (E7E9-6-ol-11-one-21Hy) (all present in pheromone gland extracts) might induce more males to orient toward, approach, and contact the source than did Z6Z9-11-one-21Hy as a single component. Additional experiments are needed to determine conclusively whether or not Z6-9R10S-epo-21Hy, E7E9-6,11-dione-21Hy, and E7E9-6-ol-11-one-21Hy might be minor sex pheromone components of PAM. Moreover, attractiveness of synthetic pheromone and virgin PAM females needs to be compared to determine whether synthetic pheromone could replace PAM females as trap baits in the program to monitor eradication of exotic PAM in New Zealand.     

Sex pheromone of tomato fruit borer, Neoleucinodes elegantalis

Five candidate pheromone components were identified by analyzing pheromone gland extracts by gas chromatography (GC), coupled GC-electroantennographic detection (EAD), and coupled GC-mass spectrometry (MS): (E)-11-hexadecenol(E11–16 : OH), (Z)-11-hexadecenol (Z11–16 : OH),(E)-11-hexadecenal, (E)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, and (Z)-3,(Z)-6,(Z)-9-tricosatriene (Z3,Z6,Z9–23 : Hy). In electroantennogram (EAG) recordings, synthetic E11–16 : OH elicited stronger antennal responses at low doses than other candidate pheromone components. Field tests demonstrated that synthetic E11–16 : OH as a trap bait was effective in attracting males, whereas addition of Z11–16 : OH inhibited the males' response. Z3,Z6,Z9–23 : Hy strongly enhanced attractiveness of E11–16 : OH, but was not attractive by itself. A pheromone blend with synergistic behavioral activity of an alcohol (E11–16 : OH) and hydrocarbon (Z3,Z6,Z9–23 : Hy) component is most unusual in the Lepidoptera. The synthetic two-component pheromone is approximately 60 times more attractive than the female-produced blend and might facilitate the control of this pest.     

Diel rhythms of calling behavior and pheromone production of oriental tobacco budworm moth,Helicoverpa assulta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Both calling behavior and titer of (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16: Al), the major sex pheromone component ofHelicoverpa assulta, in pheromone glands showed distinct diel periodicity, and these two were synchronous. Calling was most actively performed and the pheromone titer reached a maximum from 2 to 6 h after lights-off. During photophase, no calling was shown and only a relatively small amount of Z9-16:A1 was detected. However, there was a time lag of a few days between peak calling activity and maximum pheromone titer. The pheromone titer was maximal from age 1 day to age 5 days and thereafter decreased while calling was most actively performed after age 3 days. Titers of three minor components, hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, and (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate, showed similar daily fluctuation patterns to that of Z9-16:Al, but relative to the titer of Z9-16:Al, the titer of the two aldehyde components remained relatively constant whereas that ofZ9-16:Ac increased in the late scotophase.     

基于手机App的自动站管理系统设计与应用

随着社会生活的信息化和互联网技术的飞速发展,智能手机的发展日新月异,手机App成为了人们获取信息的主要方式。将手机App作为载体的工作方式已成为各行业的研究方向。为了保障气象自动观测站的正常运行,必须加强及时有效的管理。以沈阳市气象局250个气象自动观测站为课题背景,对基于手机App的自动站管理系统进行了研究。手机App以Android平台为基础,系统开发服务组件使用基于Java语言的Oracle 11G EX DB和Oracle JDeveloper开发平台,通过Web Service技术实现手机与服务器组件间的数据交互。该系统提供了自动观测站实况数据查询、故障报警、建立维修任务并上传维修照片、查看维修记录等功能。这种设计既方便了管理者对自动站及维护人员的监控与管理,又提高了管理者与维护人员交互信息的效率,充分利用手机App方便快捷的功能实现全沈阳地区自动站的管理,最后将提出的设计应用于其他市区的自动站管理之中也取得了十分显著的效果。     

西控工程对望虞河西岸地区防洪的影响

为了评估西控工程对望虞河西岸地区造成的防洪影响,以望虞河西岸为研究区域并结合其水文特性,构建了适合于模拟平原河网地区产汇流过程的MIKE11水文水力模型并利用当地降雨、水位等实测资料进行了率定。通过模拟50年一遇设计暴雨情况下的不同工况,得到研究区域内水系各节点的水位等要素变化情况,并依此分析了西控工程对望虞河西岸地区造成的防洪影响。结果表明:西控工程运行后,研究区域内重要节点的最高水位抬升明显,部分地区有遭受洪水淹没的风险;MIKE11水文水力模型对于分析平原河网地区河流沿线闸控影响具有较高的应用价值。     

20Cr11MoVNbNB钢的蠕变性能与组织的关系

研究了20Cr11MoVNbNB钢550—650℃的蠕变性能及组织的变化,发现在550℃,蠕变应力>180MPa时,过渡蠕变应变和蠕变时间的ε_β-ι~(1/3)关系中,呈现前期斜率β_1大于后期β_2的两段线性关系;550℃稳态蠕变速率可用■=Aσ~nexp(-Q_c/RT)来表示,其中n=4.7,Aexp(-Q_c/RT)=5.37×10_(-16);550—650℃的表观蠕变激活能Q_c=430kJ/mol,其值远大于基体Fe原子的自扩散激活能;发现在蠕变过程中,随蠕变应力和蠕变时间增加,沉淀相的总量和其中的Cr,Mo,V含量增加,Fe和Nb含量则下降。     

Electrochemical properties of CeMg_(11)Ni+x% Ni composites (x=0,50, 100 and 200) prepared by ball-milling

1　INTRODUCTIONMagnesium and magnesium based alloys arepromising hydrogen storage materials because oftheir absorbability of hydrogen in large quantities,low specific gravity, rich mineral resources, lowmaterial cost and so on. Nevertheless, their hy drides are too stable to be used at room tempera ture[1]. It seems impossible for application of crys talline Mg based alloys in nickel hydrogen batter ies.It is well known that amorphous alloys havemany advanta…     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CREEP PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURE OF STEEL 20Cr11MoVNbNB

Studies were made of the creep properties and structure change of steet 20Cr11MoVNbNB at550-650℃.It is found that at 550℃ when creep stress>180 MPa there exists linear rela-tion with two different slopes β_1 and β-2 between transitional creep strain ε_β and creeptime t~(1/3),and β_1(in initiol period)>β_2(in later period).The Creep rate of stable stage at550℃ can be expressed by =Aσ exp(-Q_ /RT),where,n=4.7.A exp(-Q_ /RT)=5.37×10~(-16).Apparent creep activation energy Q_ =430 kJ/mol at 550-650℃,which ismuch higher than the self-diffusion activation energy of atoms for matrix Fe.In creepprocess,as the creep stress and time increase,the total weight of precipitated phases and rela-tive weight of Cr,Mo and V increase,but those of Fe and Nb decrease in precipitated phases,     

Effect of NiAl Microcrystalline Coating on the High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf

The effect of an NiAl microcrystalline coating prepared by magnetron sputtering on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf was investigated in static air at 1000–1150°C. The additions of Cr, Mo, and Hf changed the single 11gq7454214v154/xxlarge946.gif" alt="beta" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">-phase structure into a multiphase structure [11gq7454214v154/xxlarge946.gif" alt="beta" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">-NiAl, 11gq7454214v154/xxlarge945.gif" alt="agr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-Cr(Mo), and Heusler phase]. The NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf alloy formed a nonprotective mixed scale of Al₂O₃+Cr₂O₃+HfO₂ and exhibited relatively large weight gains. The large weight gains were attributed to extensive internal oxidation. The sputtered NiAl microcrystalline coating remarkably improved the oxidation resistance of NiAl–28Cr–5Mo–1Hf due to the formation of a compact and adherent Al₂O₃ scale at all test temperatures. It was found that the 11gq7454214v154/xxlarge952.gif" alt="theta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-11gq7454214v154/xxlarge945.gif" alt="agr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-Al₂O₃ transformation caused the anomalous behavior of the oxidation–kinetics curves of the NiAl microcrystalline coating in the temperature range 1000–1150°C. A change in the morphology of scales occurred with the transformation.     

使用PKCS#11标准实现OpenVPN硬件加密算法

随着企业对使用互联网的安全需求大幅提高,VPN技术成为重要的解决方案。OpenVPN作为Linux下开源VPN的先锋,得到了广泛研究和应用。采用PKCS#11标准将硬件加密设备(KEY,一种智能密码钥匙)接入OpenVPN,使身份验证所需的数字证书能够通过硬件读写、存储,并且使VPN加密算法及加密/解密过程能够通过硬件实现,从而进一步提高OpenVPN的安全性能。