Deformation behavior of two Mg alloys during ring hoop tension testing

Ring hoop tension testing (RHTT) was performed on circumferential samples taken from two Mg-based (+Al, Zn, Mn) alloy tubes. Two initial strain rates, 0.001 and 0.1 s⁻¹, were used during these tests. The experiments were conducted at temperatures from ambient to 300 °C. The microstructural evolution during deformation was examined by optical microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) techniques. At moderate temperatures and/or high strain rates, the accompanying c-axis strains were mainly accommodated by twin formation. Contraction twins were formed in grains containing radial basal poles and extension twins in those with circumferential basal poles. At temperatures above 200 °C and the lower strain rate (0.001 s⁻¹), the formation of voids in the partially dynamically recrystallized regions caused premature fracture. The unusual types of twinning behavior displayed under these conditions are responsible for the ductility and work hardening differences observed when the present results are compared with those of previous tension tests carried out along the longitudinal direction.     

CD39 Regulation and Functions in T Cells

CD39 is an enzyme which is responsible, together with CD73, for a cascade converting adenosine triphosphate into adenosine diphosphate and cyclic adenosine monophosphate, ultimately leading to the release of an immunosuppressive form of adenosine in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we first review the environmental and genetic factors shaping CD39 expression. Second, we report CD39 functions in the T cell compartment, highlighting its role in regulatory T cells, conventional CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells. Finally, we compile a list of studies, from preclinical models to clinical trials, which have made essential contributions to the discovery of novel combinatorial approaches in the treatment of cancer.     

Expression and Regulation of CD73 during the Estrous Cycle in Mouse Uterus

Cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73, also known as ecto-5′-nucleotidase) is an enzyme that converts AMP into adenosine. CD73 is a surface enzyme bound to the outside of the plasma membrane expressed in several cells and regulates immunity and inflammation. In particular, it is known to inhibit T cell-mediated immune responses. However, the regulation of CD73 expression by hormones in the uterus is not yet clearly known. In this study, we investigated the expression of CD73 in ovariectomized mice treated with estrogen or progesterone and its regulation in the mouse uterus during the estrous cycle. The level of CD73 expression was dynamically regulated in the uterus during the estrous cycle. CD73 protein expression was high in proestrus, estrus, and diestrus, whereas it was relatively low in the metestrus stage. Immunofluorescence revealed that CD73 was predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of the luminal and glandular epithelium and the stroma of the endometrium. The expression of CD73 in ovariectomized mice was gradually increased by progesterone treatment. However, estrogen injection did not affect its expression. Moreover, CD73 expression was increased when estrogen and progesterone were co-administered and was inhibited by the pretreatment of the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486. These findings suggest that the expression of CD73 is dynamically regulated by estrogen and progesterone in the uterine environment, and that there may be a synergistic effect of estrogen and progesterone.     

7A04-T73铝合金锻件电导率与力学性能稳定性的研究

针对7A04-T73铝合金锻件生产中出现的电导率与力学性能不匹配问题,通过对该合金锻件锻压工艺及热处理工艺的试验研究,确定了影响电导率与力学性能的因素。结果表明,7A04铝合金锻件的最佳锻造温度为400℃～420℃,淬火温度为469℃～475℃,双级时效制度为(115±5)℃8 h+(180±5)℃12 h。     

Characterisation of moisture-dependent cohesive zone properties for adhesively bonded joints

Structural adhesives are being widely used in the aerospace and automobile industries. However, in many applications, aggressive environments damage the adhesive systems and degrade the structural performance of bonded members. Cohesive zone models are often employed in the numerical analysis of adhesively bonded structural joints. To accurately model these bonded joints, the characterisation of the cohesive zone properties for different environmental conditions is important. In this regard, an experimental-numerical approach was developed to characterise the environment-dependent cohesive zone properties based on a miniature cantilever peel test. As moisture is a commonly encountered aggressive environment, the current methodology was implemented to characterise the moisture-dependent cohesive zone properties for an Al 2024-T3 and FM73 system.     

乳腺癌组织中CD73表达及其与临床病理特征的相关性研究

目的: 探讨乳腺癌组织中CD73表达及其与临床病理特征的相关性。方法: 对2015年4月至2016年10月期间100例乳腺癌的肿瘤组织及60例正常乳腺组织石蜡标本进行切片,采用免疫组化法对切片进行CD73染色检测;同时采用免疫组化法检测乳腺组织雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、癌基因人表皮生长因子受体（HER-2）、P53和Ki-67表达情况。分析CD73表达情况及与组织Ki-67、P53、ER、PR、HER-2表达相关性,与临床病理特征的相关性。结果: 乳腺癌组织中CD73高表达发生率为76.0%,正常乳腺组织中CD73高表达率为21.7%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;CD73高表达与年龄、组织学分级、肿瘤大小、肿瘤位置等临床病理特征无显著相关（P>0.05）,CD73高表达与TNM分期、淋巴结转移、PR、ER、HER-2、Ki-67、P53阳性表达密切相关（P<0.05）;Ki-67、P53、PR、HER 2阳性表达是CD73高表达的影响因素（OR分别为：8.233,5.091,4.670,3.000）,ER阳性表达是CD73高表达的保护因素（OR为：0.291）。结论: 乳腺癌组织中CD73高表达,且与TNM分期、淋巴结转移、PR、HER-2、Ki-67、P53阳性表达相关,对临床治疗及预后判断具有重要意义。     

CD73 and PD-L1 as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Gallbladder Cancer

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most common and aggressive biliary tract cancers with a dismal prognosis. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating a few selected immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as monotherapy for the treatment of GBC patients. However, only a subset of patients benefits from these treatments. To improve ICI therapy response, molecular mechanisms that confer resistance to immune checkpoint (IC) blockade needs to be explored. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program and cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been implicated as key processes that confer ICI treatment resistance. However, in GBC the EMT-CSC-IC axis has not yet been clearly elucidated. This study aims to examine the aberrant expression of ICs associated with CSC and EMT. We successfully enriched CSCs by utilizing a 3-dimensional culture system and established a reversible EMT model with human GBC NOZ cell line. Notably, ICs CD73 and PD-L1 were closely associated with both CSC and EMT phenotypes. Knockdown of CD73 or PD-L1 reduced the proliferative and motile abilities of both adherent monolayers and anchorage-free spheroids. In conclusion, blocking CD73 and PD-L1 offer a promising therapeutic strategy for targeting highly aggressive populations with CSC and EMT phenotype to improve GBC patient prognosis.     

R73连铸机辊子试制

介绍了我公司生产的R73连铸机辊子的化学成分和热处理工艺。多项实验证明了R73材料具有良好的抗疲劳性能和综合力学性能。其冲击性能尤为突出,特别适合于连铸机弯曲段辊子的制造。     

The Therapeutic Potential of the Restoration of the p53 Protein Family Members in the EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer

Despite the recent development of precision medicine and targeted therapies, lung cancer remains the top cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The patients diagnosed with metastatic disease have a five-year survival rate lower than 6%. In metastatic disease, EGFR is the most common driver of mutation, with the most common co-driver hitting TP53. EGFR-positive patients are offered the frontline treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, yet the development of resistance and the lack of alternative therapies make this group of patients only fit for clinical trial participation. Since mutant p53 is the most common co-driver in the metastatic setting, therapies reactivating the p53 pathway might serve as a promising alternative therapeutic approach in patients who have developed a resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This review focuses on the molecular background of EGFR-mutated lung cancer and discusses novel therapeutic options converging on the reactivation of p53 tumor suppressor pathways.     

基于PIC16F73单片机的电动自行车控制器设计

本文根据带霍尔式位置传感器的无刷查流电机的控制方案,详细介绍了以PIC16F73为控制核心的电动自行车控制器硬件设计,并给出了主程序流程图。