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81.
微波萃取在食品化学中的应用 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
介绍了微波萃取技术在食品化学中的应用。其实质是用微波对萃取溶剂及物料加热,使溶剂的渗透率和扩散率大大提高,因此对食品营养成分或风味物质可以有铲地萃取分离。 相似文献
82.
83.
84.
R.A. Jacques J.G. Santos C. Dariva J. Vladimir Oliveira E.B. Caramo 《The Journal of Supercritical Fluids》2007,40(3):354-359
This work presents a study concerning the chemical characteristics and analytical separation process of the essential oil obtained from high-pressure carbon dioxide extraction of Ilex paraguariensis. The experiments were performed in a laboratory-scale unit in the temperature range of 20–40 °C, from 100 to 250 bar. A blend of the I. paraguariensis extracts was percolated through a preparative chromatographic column, containing silica gel, and successively eluted with 150 mL of each of the following solvents: hexane, toluene, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. The raw extract and its fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection (GC/MS). The fractionation procedure showed to be a good clean up technique due to the isolation of different classes of compounds in each fraction. Chromatographic analyses allowed the identification of caffeine, fatty acids and esters, phytol, squalene, Vitamin E, stigmasterol derivatives and saturated hydrocarbons. 相似文献
85.
86.
Optimal Locations of Groundwater Extractions in Coastal Aquifers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A regional water supply management model for coastal aquifers was developed. One of its outcomes is the definition of the
optimized locations for groundwater withdrawal. Such a tool permits the analysis of alternative plans for groundwater extraction
and the sustainable use of water resources in a coastal aquifer subject to saltwater intrusion. The principal components are
the evolutionary optimization and the analytical/numerical simulation models. The optimization technique looks for the best
well locations taking into consideration the economic results and the satisfaction of the societal water demand. However these
two concerns are conditioned by trying to control the saltwater intrusion, i.e., preserving the environmental equilibrium.
The simulation model uses the governing mathematical equations for groundwater movement to find the interface between freshwater
and saltwater. Because of the non-linearity in the system and the possibility of a jumping interface, a security distance
was defined. This is a controlling variable which can be set by the decision makers. The model was applied to a typical case
with interesting results. For example, diagrams showing the relationship between the location of the wells and the security
distance(s) are of importance to the managers. It was also crucial to have an understanding of the tradeoffs between groundwater
withdrawals, positions of the wells from the coast line, and the security distance. The model was also applied to a real case
in order to relate the extractions, distances and artificial recharge (not presented in this paper). 相似文献
87.
In this paper, we propose an approach that combines the unsupervised and supervised learning techniques for unconstrained
handwritten numeral recognition. This approach uses the Kohonen self-organizing neural network for data classification in
the first stage and the learning vector quantization (LVQ) model in the second stage to improve classification accuracy. The
combined architecture performs better than the Kohonen self-organizing map alone. In the proposed approach, the collection
of centroids at different phases of training plays a vital role in the performance of the recognition system. Four experiments
have been conducted and experimental results show that the collection of centroids in the middle of the training gives high
performance in terms of speed and accuracy. The systems developed also resolve the confusion between handwritten numerals. 相似文献
88.
铜萃取剂BK992和LIX984的性能研究 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
研究羟肟类铜萃取剂的结构与性能的关系。试验研究了铜萃取剂BK992和LIX984的对比萃取及混合萃取性能指标 ,试验表明BK992与LIX984的使用性能相当 ,两种铜萃取剂相互混合不影响使用性能指标。 相似文献
89.
90.
从催化裂化柴油中分离高纯度2,6-二甲基萘 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以大庆石油化工总厂炼油厂催化柴油为原料 ,通过精馏分离得到二甲基萘 (DMN)窄馏分 (2 5 8~ 2 70℃ ) ,经糠醛溶剂抽提 ,减压蒸馏后 ,在 -10~ -2 5℃冷冻 2~ 5h ,离心分离制得纯度约 80 %的粗 2 ,6 DMN ,再经无水乙醇在 -10~ -2 5℃重结晶 ,得到纯度大于等于 98%的 2 ,6 DMN。 相似文献