助模板剂对MCM—41分子筛孔结构和性能的影响

在硅酸钠－硫酸铝－十六烷基三甲基氯化铵－水体系中，加入不同类型，如正庚烷、三甲基苯和十二胺的有机助模板剂（简称助剂）进行ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛的合成试验，并用ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ及Ｎ２吸附等方法考察了助剂对ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛孔径、热稳定性及酸性的影响。结果表明，十二胺助剂对ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛的孔径影响最大，但热稳定性较差，相比之下，三甲基苯助剂合成的ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛具有孔径大、热稳定性好和酸性特征较好的特点。     

SAPO-34/SiO_2催化甲醇制烯烃

采用水热法合成了SAPO-34分子筛,并用X射线粉末衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对SAPO-34分子筛的结构进行了表征,同时探讨了黏合剂种类、甲醇分压、催化剂粒径和硅源等对SAPO-34分子筛催化甲醇制烯烃(MTO)反应性能的影响。实验结果表明,在MTO反应中,三烯(乙烯、丙烯和丁烯)选择性在反应初期存在明显的诱导期;以S iO2为黏合剂合成的SAPO-34/S iO2催化剂不但可缩短MTO反应的诱导期,三烯选择性也较未添加黏合剂或以A l2O3为黏合剂时高1~2个百分点;且当催化剂活性明显下降时,三烯选择性下降的幅度较小。催化剂粒径、甲醇分压及硅源对催化剂的诱导期也有明显的作用。在甲醇分压低于19kPa、催化剂粒径0.25~0.38mm、S iO2为黏合剂、硅酸四乙酯为硅源时,SAPO-34/S iO2催化剂的MTO性能明显提高。     

Influence of washing and of heat-treatment conditions on the thermal stability of VPI-5

Thorough washing of a VPI-5 synthesized with n-dipropylamine as template improves greatly its thermal stability while no major change is observed in the template content. A detailed study of the influence of the pretreatment conditions shows that in order to obtain a high thermal stability (up to at least 960 °C) two parameters are of importance. The removal of both the template and the adsorbed water requires either a low heating rate at atmospheric pressure or a low pressure (less than 3 Torr) when the heating rate is 300 ° per hour.     

活性碳和5A分子筛的吸附特性及其在真空获得中的作用

评述了活性碳和５Ａ分子筛的吸附等温线及其在真空佩温绝热夹层真空获得中的作用。分析了真空夹层抽真空除气时用Ｎ＿２气置换以及用“多次吸附－脱附Ｎ＿２气”方法活化吸附剂等先进工艺的机理。论述了根据吸附剂吸水的吸附等温线，合理确定活化工艺条件的方法。     

Assessing terrestrial wildlife populations in the Toronto and Region Area of Concern

Beneficial use impairments (BUIs) under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement identify environmental issues requiring remedial action within the Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOCs). We conducted this study to support the assessment of the wildlife component of BUI 3: degradation of fish and wildlife populations. We compared bird and amphibian (frogs and toads) data from the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority’s Terrestrial Long-term Monitoring Program in the Toronto and Region AOC to an adjacent, but otherwise similar, reference watershed, Duffins Creek. Twelve of 13 targets were met within the AOC for forest bird, wetland bird, meadow bird and amphibian populations based on averages of mean annual values at sites within the AOC that were within two standard deviations of averages at sites in the Duffins Creek reference watershed between 2008 and 2017. Even though wildlife populations within the AOC were within the normal range of variability expected from a reference watershed, they were often at lower levels than within the Duffins Creek reference watershed. In addition, forest bird and amphibian populations were negatively affected by urbanization within the AOC and meadow bird indices declined. We conclude that while wildlife populations within the AOC currently meet targets for BUI 3, they continue to be negatively impacted by numerous stressors that are primarily related to past and ongoing urbanization. Thus, continued restoration of wildlife habitat and protection of existing habitat within the AOC is highly recommended.     

Towards improving an Area of Concern: Main-channel habitat rehabilitation priorities for the Maumee River

The Maumee River watershed in the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin has been impacted by decades of pollution and habitat modification due to human settlement and development. As such, the lower 35 km of the Maumee River and several smaller adjacent watersheds comprising over 2000 km² were designated the Maumee Area of Concern (AOC) under the revised Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement in 1987. As part of pre-rehabilitation assessments in the Maumee AOC, we assessed fish and invertebrate communities in river km 24–11 of the Maumee River to identify: 1) areas that exhibit the highest biodiversity, 2) habitat characteristics associated with high biodiversity areas, 3) areas in need of protection from further degradation, and 4) areas that could feasibly be rehabilitated to increase biodiversity. Based on benthic trawl data, shallow water habitats surrounding large island complexes had the highest fish diversity and catch per unit effort (CPUE). Electrofishing displayed similar fish diversity and CPUE patterns across habitat types early in the study but yielded no discernable fish diversity or CPUE patterns towards the end of our study. Although highly variable among study sites, macroinvertebrate density was greatest in shallow water habitats <2.5 m and around large island complexes. Our results provide valuable baseline data that could act as a foundation for developing rehabilitation strategies in the lower Maumee River and for assessing the effectiveness of future aquatic habitat rehabilitation projects. In addition to increasing in-channel habitat, watershed-scale improvements of water quality might be necessary to ensure rehabilitation strategies are successful.     

区位码/国标码输入法技术初探

计算机技术领域中,使用键盘输入汉字的方法实质是区位码/国标码输入法。本文介绍了区位码/国标码输入法的现实意义,IME的组成结构以及区位码/国标码输入法的发展动态。主要说明区位码/国标码输入法在中文键盘输入法的重要地位,并简单分析了中文键盘输入法编辑器的组成结构等技术。     

真空压铸的发展

真空系统是压铸过程中排除气体的最有效的方法之一。然而，真空压铸的发展几经起伏，现在则发展到一个新的阶段。从模具中抽出气体是几种抽气方法中较为简便的一种。真空气道的设计与常规气道则有所不同     

高岭土合成4A分子筛的研究

以高岭土为原料合成出了４Ａ分子筛，得出经过碱化处理可提高分子筛吸附容量的结果；同时分析了反应温度和反应时间对合成分子筛吸附性能的影响。     

氧和氮在炭分子筛上的吸附与扩散

用重量法研究了氧、氮在两种空分用炭分子筛上的吸附与扩散。结果表明,氧和氮在炭分子筛中的扩散是活化扩散,该过程可用双孔模型进行描述。求得了氧、氮的扩散系数。