云环境下基于数据流的k-means聚类算法

k-means算法是一种 最常用的基于划分的聚类算法。传统的集中式k-means算法已不能适应当前呈爆炸式增长的数据规模,设计分布式k-means算法成为了目前亟需解决的问题。现有分布式k-means算法基于MapReduce计算框架且没有考虑初始聚类中心的影响。由于每个MapReduce任务均需要读写分布式文件系统,导致MapReduce不能有效表达多个任务之间的依赖关系,因此提出了一种基于数据流的计算框架,该框架建立在MapReduce之上,将数据处理过程按照数据流图建模。在该框架的基础上,提出了一种高效的k-means算法,它采用基于多次采样的初始聚类中心选取方法来实现负载均衡及减少迭代次数。实验结果表明,该算法的可扩展性较好,且效率比现有算法高。     

数据流语言中数据频率的自动化处理技术

数据流分析和处理是计算机应用最常见的工作之一,实际系统常常包括不同频率的数据流,而现有的程序语言要求在程序中对数据频率进行显式的处理.旨在提出一种新型的变频数据流处理框架,针对基本的频率运算进行自动化处理.我们基于函数式程序设计语言和依赖类型系统理论,定义了数据流语言FStream,在程序的类型检查过程中对数据流频率进行检查和处理,并给出了离散的Simulink模型到FStream的表示.     

基于USB的WSN测试与分析系统

实时监控无线传感器网络（WSN）从单个节点到整个网络的运行状态,是进行无线传感器各类研究及应用开发的关键技术之一,为了克服基于UART的数据传输所存在的速率瓶颈问题,设计了一种基于USB的WSN监测系统,主要包括侦听节点和监测分析系统两部分。侦听节点采用CC2531 USB Dongle,以被动侦听的方式获取无线传感器网络的数据包（符合IEEE802.15.4标准）,封装后通过USB接口上传至上位机监测分析系统。上位机监测系统,通过USB接口读取数据帧、完成帧信息存储、解析。实验结果表明该设计能够实现数据传输并以图形方式动态显示网络运行状态。本监测系统的设计为开展WSN的各类理论及实验研究提供了有力的分析工具。     

基于PCIe总线的双路1394B接口模块设计与实现

为了满足航电系统中前端传感器捕获的图形图像数据实时传输的需求,设计并实现了基于PCIe总线的双路1394B接口模块。该模块通过PCIe接口与主机交互,采用S400β传输模式,软件设计符合标准OHCI规范,支持AS5643协议,异步流包数据收发采用链式队列管理,主机与1394B控制器之间通过DMA操作,实现大数据块的并行处理,两路1394B相互独立,显著提升数据传输性能。测试验证结果表明,该模块具备带宽高、可靠性高、CPU资源占用率低等特点,已在某项目获得成功应用,实现了图形图像数据的实时传输,满足系统设计要求,表现出了良好的稳定性和适应性,具有实践应用价值。     

申威处理器硬件数据预取技术的实现

硬件数据预取技术可以有效提升处理器的访存性能,是申威处理器性能优化过程中亟需突破的一项技术。硬件开销和处理器架构的制约是硬件预取技术实现中的主要难点。借鉴学术界对硬件预取技术的研究成果和工业界的应用现状,紧密结合申威处理器的结构特点,研究了申威处理器硬件预取技术的实现方法。以流预取为例,在处理器核心面积增加0.97%的情况下,硬件预取技术的应用可以将目前申威处理器的整数性能平均提升5.17%,最高提升28.88%;浮点性能平均提升6.39%,最高提升30.11%。     

Optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance

The primary concern of traditional Byzantine fault tolerance is to ensure strong replica consistency by executing incoming requests sequentially according to a total order. Speculative execution at both clients and server replicas has been proposed as a way of reducing the end-to-end latency. In this article, we introduce optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. Optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance aims to achieve higher throughput and lower end-to-end latency by using a weaker replica consistency model. Instead of ensuring strong safety as in traditional Byzantine fault tolerance, nonfaulty replicas are brought to a consistent state periodically and on-demand in optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. Not all applications are suitable for optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. We identify three types of applications, namely, realtime collaborative editing, event stream processing, and services constructed with conflict-free replicated data types, as good candidates for applying optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance. Furthermore, we provide a design guideline on how to achieve eventual consistency and how to recover from conflicts at different replicas. In optimistic Byzantine fault tolerance, a replica executes a request immediately without first establishing a total order of the message, and Byzantine agreement is used only to establish a common state synchronization point and the set of individual states needed to resolve conflicts. The recovery mechanism ensures both replica consistency and the validity of the system by identifying and removing the operations introduced by faulty clients and server replicas.     

Ad Hoc三种路由协议的仿真和性能分析

无线自组网络（Ad Hoc）由于可以在没有基础设施支持的情况下灵活方便的通信,逐渐吸引了业界的注意力。该文以NS2为模拟工具,模拟比较了3种常见的路由协议AODV、DSDV和AOMDV,并将各个协议的平均时延,路由开销,投递率三个方面进行了性能分析和比较。     

面向协同系统的SRTP安全机制的研究

SRTP协议是目前应用广泛的视频流传输协议,也是视频会议协同系统进行安全实时传送的基础。但该协议在加密模式、完整性检测、报文身份验证和抵御重播攻击等方面仍有不足,该文采用增加流加密算法选择器对加密算法选择进行优化组合,通过Hash运算生成散列序列增加完整性保护模块等途径,在保证实时性的同时,增加了报文被解码的难度,改进了完整性校验过程。通过进行相关的系统安全性能评估,验证了该方案对协同系统安全机制改进的可行性及有效性。     

基于模拟退火—遗传算法的非线性密钥序列生成器线性复杂度研究

计算线性等价是研究非线性密钥序列生成器线性复杂度的有效方法。本文先介绍了计算线性等价的模拟退火法,然后使用遗传算法对该算法进行改进,最后使用一组密钥序列生成器对改进后的算法进行性能评估,并将改进后的算法和原算法进行了比较。结果表明改进后的算法能比原算法更有效的找到非线性密钥序列生成器的线性等价。     

Protocol Analysis of a Federated Search Tool: Designing for Users

SUMMARY

Librarians at Springfield College conducted usability testing of Endeavor's federated search tool, ENCompass for Resource Access. The purpose of the testing was to make informed decisions prior to customizing the look and function of the software's interface in order to make the product more usable for their patrons. Protocol, or think-aloud, analysis was selected as a testing and analysis method. Subjects from the general college community were recruited and given a list of tasks to perform on ENCompass, and they were asked to speak all of their thoughts out loud as they worked. Upon analyzing the test results, researchers found that subjects' problems fell into certain categories, such as unfamiliarity with terms or navigation from screen to screen. The researchers were able to use their findings to recommend extensive revisions to the interface, which improved usability for this library's patrons.