Quadtree-based genetic algorithm and its applications to computer vision

Many computer vision problems can be formulated as optimization problems. Presented in this paper is a new framework based on the quadtree-based genetic algorithm that can be applied to solve many of these problems. The proposed algorithm incorporates the quadtree structure into the conventional genetic algorithm. The solutions of image-related problems are encoded through encoding the corresponding quadtrees, and therefore, the 2D locality within a solution can be preserved. Examples addressed using the proposed framework include image segmentation, stereo vision, and motion estimation. In all cases, encouraging results are obtained.     

基于遗传算法的优化排样

介绍了遗传算法以及二维不规则图形的计算机优化排样，研究了二维不规则图形排样中如何建立遗传算法的目标函数，如何实现交叉、变异运算等优化过程，找到了运用遗传算法实现二维不规则图形优化排样的方法。通过计算机编制了运用遗传算法进行二维不规则图形优化排样的运算程序，并对部分样形进行了优化排样，结果比较满意。     

基于DTW算法的语音识别系统实现

动态时间归整(DTW)算法的实现简单有效,在孤立词语音识别系统中得到了广泛的应用.介绍了将DTW算法移植到TMS320VC5402上实现孤立词语音识别的原理、系统硬件组成和软件设计.研究结果表明,系统能满足实时性能要求,识别效果良好.     

基于滑窗结构的软输出维特比算法的实现

文章在对软输出维特比算法(SOVA)进行推导的基础上，分析了软信息的提取过程。同时从硬件实现的角度考虑，提出了一种基于滑动窗1：3结构的SOVA算法实现方案，该算法大大降低了算法实现复杂度和译码延迟，同时通过调整滑窗参数，可以取得与非滑窗SOVA算法几乎相同的性能。     

Revising threshold functions

A revision algorithm is a learning algorithm that identifies the target concept, starting from an initial concept. Such an algorithm is considered efficient if its complexity (in terms of the resource one is interested in) is polynomial in the syntactic distance between the initial and the target concept, but only polylogarithmic in the number of variables in the universe. We give an efficient revision algorithm in the model of learning with equivalence and membership queries for threshold functions, and some negative results showing, for instance, that threshold functions cannot be revised efficiently from either type of query alone. The algorithms work in a general revision model where both deletion and addition type revision operators are allowed.     

Interactive simulated patient—an advanced tool for student-activated learning in medicine and healthcare

An advanced learning system for interactive simulation of patient cases (ISP) is described. The system was designed to meet specific pedagogical needs where student activation and problem orientation were two of the key issues. The system includes features such as video based illness history-taking function using free text input, highly interactive physiological examination procedures, extensive laboratory tests and detailed user feedback. The system was constructed mainly in Authorware Professional, starting more than 10 years ago, and it is now available in refined versions in different languages. Twelve pedagogical and three technical features were initially defined for the project. All of these aims were fulfilled. The ISP system has been successfully used in education, and in international collaboration, including three applicability field tests. The system is also a powerful research tool for studying for instance medical decision-making.     

Context-gated knowledge partitioning in categorization.

According to the knowledge partitioning framework, people sometimes master complex tasks by creating multiple independent parcels of partial knowledge. Research has shown that knowledge parcels may contain mutually contradictory information, and that each parcel may be used without regard to knowledge that is demonstrably present in other parcels. This article reports 4 experiments that investigated knowledge partitioning in categorization. When component boundaries of a complex categorization were identified by a context cue, a significant proportion of participants learned partial and independent categorization strategies that were chosen on the basis of context. For those participants, a strategy used in one context was unaffected by knowledge demonstrably present in other contexts, suggesting that knowledge partitioning in categorization can be complete. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

神经网络系统学习过程初探

本文给出了神经网络系统学习过程的一个随机模型--马尔柯夫模型,从最大熵原理的 观点讨论神经网络系统的学习过程,提出将神经网络系统的学习过程分为两个阶段的想法并 给出学习过程的算法.     

Adaptive Edge Detectors for Piecewise Smooth Data Based on the minmod Limiter

We are concerned with the detection of edges—the location and amplitudes of jump discontinuities of piecewise smooth data realized in terms of its discrete grid values. We discuss the interplay between two approaches. One approach, realized in the physical space, is based on local differences and is typically limited to low-order of accuracy. An alternative approach developed in our previous work [Gelb and Tadmor, Appl. Comp. Harmonic Anal., 7, 101–135 (1999)] and realized in the dual Fourier space, is based on concentration factors; with a proper choice of concentration factors one can achieve higher-orders—in fact in [Gelb and Tadmor, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 38, 1389–1408 (2001)] we constructed exponentially accurate edge detectors. Since the stencil of these highly-accurate detectors is global, an outside threshold parameter is required to avoid oscillations in the immediate neighborhood of discontinuities. In this paper we introduce an adaptive edge detection procedure based on a cross-breading between the local and global detectors. This is achieved by using the minmod limiter to suppress spurious oscillations near discontinuities while retaining high-order accuracy away from the jumps. The resulting method provides a family of robust, parameter-free edge-detectors for piecewise smooth data. We conclude with a series of one- and two-dimensional simulations.To David Gottlieb, on his 60th birthday, with friendship and appreciation.     

Visual thinking in arts education: Homage to Rudolf Arnheim.

The influence of Arnheim's work on the author's research began with an experiment on the perception of visual balance. Two later research projects emerged from the profound influence of Arnheim's stance toward creation in the visual arts as a serious, cognitive endeavor. A series of meta-analyses were first conducted to test the claim that learning in the arts transfers to nonarts cognitive domains, but little evidence was found. Past research on the transfer hypothesis was found to be lacking because of its failure to assess learning in the parent domain. Therefore, a new research project was carried out to identify kinds of learning in the parent domain of visual arts. We identified eight thinking dispositions developed in serious visual arts classes, setting the stage for more plausible transfer studies. This study demonstrates that the visual arts inculcate basic skills in perception and cognition that exist both in the arts and sciences. All of the skills the authors describe can, with some modification, be transferred to the science laboratory. As Rudolf Arnheim has taught us, visual thinking is everywhere. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)