复杂应力状态下混凝土强度理论研究

混凝土的强度理论是土木、采矿和水利等众多混凝土工程中的安全性和稳定性设计的重要基础理论。对它进行研究具有重要的意义．为此，在双τ^2屈服准则的基础上，建立了两参数双τ^2强度理论，给出了材料的极限强度比，从而说明了不同的材料对应着不同的强度理论．其次，利用两参数双τ^2强度理论分析了混凝土的脆性破坏，并同某些混凝土的实验数据进行了对比，最后，讨论了中间主应力效应，结果表明，运用两参数双τ^2强度理论分析混凝土强度的结果是令人满意的．     

数据库信息分类中贝叶斯网络模型的应用

数据库信息分类中 ,朴素贝叶斯分类模型是一种简单而有效的分类方法 ,但它的属性独立性假设使其无法表达属性变量间存在的依赖关系 ,影响了它的分类性能 .而一般贝叶斯网络模型则由于能表达属性变量之间的依赖关系而越来越受到人们的重视 ,但一般贝叶斯网络分类模型结构的学习算法是一个NP完全问题 .本研究在一种简化的贝叶斯网络分类模型的基础上 ,利用其多项式时间复杂度的结构学习算法 ,将其应用于数据库信息分类 ,实现了学习效率和分类精度的一种折衷 .实验结果表明 ,这种分类方法有着比较高的数据库信息文本检索性能 .     

再论升值预期下的人民币汇率制度

本文从人民币升值预期出发，以人民币汇率为研究对象，比较固定汇率与浮动汇率下的宏观经济运行．人民币汇率应逐步实行有管理的浮动汇率，并探讨了汇率浮动的适当幅度。     

试论我国上市公司治理结构与会计信息质量

会计信息质量一直是我国证券市场中的焦点问题。本文以契约理论和委托代理理论为基础，分析了公司治理结构与会计信息质量的相互作用机理，结合我国上市公司治理结构中存在缺陷的现实情况，提出如何优化公司治理结构以提高会计信息质量的几点建议。     

An information-theoretic methodology for the resolution of pure component spectra without prior information using spectroscopic measurements

The resolution of pure component spectra based on spectroscopic measurements from a reaction system is a challenging task for chemometric systems in the absence of a priori knowledge about the reaction components involved. A popular approach in the literature is based on constrained entropy minimization of the second-order derivative of the resolved pure component spectra. Using an analytical information theoretic framework, it can however be shown that minimization of this cost function is not sufficient to completely separate the underlying components from a set of mixture spectra. Instead, an augmented objective function derived from this analysis is proposed for complete minimization of the mutual information between separated components. The final optimization approach is further shown to be analog to independent component analysis (ICA), a signal processing technique successfully applied to biomedical and speech data to separate linear source mixtures in the absence of a priori information. The developed theoretical insights and proposed methodologies in this paper are illustrated in a simulation study on the separation of three component spectra based on absorbance data acquired from a first-order kinetic reaction system.     

Characterization of PdAg/Al2O3 composite membrane by electroless co-deposition

In this work, PdAg/Al₂O₃ composite membranes prepared by electroless co-deposition technique have been studied. Effects of plating time, Ag composition and total concentration of metal ions on surface morphologies, composition and microstructure of the resulting layers were investigated. Scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and nitrogen permeation technique were used to characterize the as-prepared composite membranes. From the experimental results, it shows that the surface morphology of the deposited PdAg layer is strongly affected by the Ag content of the plating bath. Since large differences of deposition rates and growth modes are observed between Pd and Ag grains, the PdAg layer exhibits the dendritic structure. As the Ag content is approximately 50%, the dendritic structured PdAg layer reveals the largest nitrogen permeability with the smallest size of residual pores. Furthermore, a comprehensive electrochemical analysis is proposed to interpret the composition and structure of the PdAg layer. Eventually, the experimental results are quite consistent with those predicted from the electrochemical analysis.     

Analysis of the mechanical performance of a cardiovascular stent design based on micromechanical modelling

Stents are very commonly used in the treatment of coronary heart disease. They are permanent vascular support structures that offer a preferred alternative to bypass surgery in certain situations. The purpose of this work is to examine the mechanical behaviour of a stainless steel balloon expandable stent design using computational micromechanics in the context of the finite element method. Deployment and cardiac pulsing loading conditions are considered. Classical phenomenological plasticity theory (J₂ flow theory) and physically based crystal plasticity theory are used to describe the stent material behaviour. Parametric studies are carried out using both constitutive theories with a view to determining important stent deployment characteristics such as recoil and foreshortening. Comparisons of the results obtained using both theories illustrate differences, with the crystal plasticity theory models showing closer agreement to published performance data. The implications of this for stent design are discussed.     

Applications of Thermoelectric Power Measurement to Deterioration Diagnosis of Nuclear Material and Its Principle

In order to non-destructively evaluate changes in toughness of cast duplex stainless steel, which is frequently used in main coolant pipes of PWR type nuclear power plants, due to thermal aging, we tried to apply thermoelectric power (TEP) measurement. because TEP is sensitive to microstructural material changes, and to clarify the mechanism behind TEP changes due to thermal aging. As a result, TEP of cast duplex stainless steel increased with aging time, and good correlations were found between TEP and toughness. Concerning the mechanism, TEP of high and low Cr content alloys was higher than that of intermediate Cr content alloys. Because high and low Cr areas are created in the ferrite phase due to thermal aging. TEP of the entire material increased. Furthermore, when each Cr fluctuating area acted in parallel, the increase in TEP became larger. According to the Mott-Jones theory, TEP is largely related to the electron density of states at the Fermi level. The electron density of states of Fe–Cr–Ni alloys in the valence band was measured with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). As a result, there was a high correlation between the TEP calculated from the XPS spectrum and the measured TEP. Therefore, we showed experimentally that the electron density of states changed due to variations in Cr concentration, which also affect TEP.     

Viscosity of Gaseous Mixtures of HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane)+HFC-32 (Difluoromethane)

This paper reports experimental results for the viscosity of gaseous mixtures of HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)+HFC-32 (difluoromethane). The measurements were carried out with an oscillating-disk viscometer of the Maxwell type at temperatures from 298.15 to 423.15 K. The viscosity was measured for three mixtures containing 25.00, 52.40, and 74.98 mole% HFC-134a in HFC-32. Experimental results for the viscosity at normal pressures show a minimum as plotted against mole fraction in the higher temperature region, which may be the first experimental observation of the minima for dilute binary gaseous mixtures of HFCs. The viscosity at normal pressures was analyzed with the extended law of corresponding states developed by Kestin et al., and the scaling parameters were obtained for unlike-pair interactions between HFC-32 and HFC-134a. The modified Enskog theory developed by Vesovic and Wakeham was applied to predict the viscosity for the binary gaseous mixtures under pressure. As for the calculation of pseudo-radial distribution functions in mixtures, a method based on the equation of state for hard-sphere fluid mixtures proposed by Carnahan–Starling was applied.     

负能量体系的相对论性量子方程

对著名的EPR思维实验检验的结果揭示了量子力学中存在非定域作用，这与相对论以光速为自然界最大速度的结论构成了深刻矛盾．多年来，这个矛盾的协调问题一直没有得到解决，因此本文认为这两个理论过去的结合所产生的相对论性量子力学、量子场论等理论可能有不和谐的地方，只是有没有揭示出来以及如何提出解决这些问题的方法．本文试图通过对负能量的研究来初步探讨这些问题．研究表明负能量已经不仅仅是数学计算的手段，而是有实实在在的物理内容，本文把狭义相对论思想推广到负能量体系，提出新的设想，得出时空变换的新形式，该形式可以从理论上在不破坏因果律的情况下解释非定域作用现象．文中将负能量体系的理论与量子力学理论结合并导出有关方程．