Transit smart card data mining for passenger origin information extraction

The automated fare collection(AFC) system,also known as the transit smart card(SC) system,has gained more and more popularity among transit agencies worldwide.Compared with the conventional manual fare collection system,an AFC system has its inherent advantages in low labor cost and high efficiency for fare collection and transaction data archival.Although it is possible to collect highly valuable data from transit SC transactions,substantial efforts and methodologies are needed for extracting such data because most AFC systems are not initially designed for data collection.This is true especially for the Beijing AFC system,where a passenger’s boarding stop(origin) on a flat-rate bus is not recorded on the check-in scan.To extract passengers’ origin data from recorded SC transaction information,a Markov chain based Bayesian decision tree algorithm is developed in this study.Using the time invariance property of the Markov chain,the algorithm is further optimized and simplified to have a linear computational complexity.This algorithm is verified with transit vehicles equipped with global positioning system(GPS) data loggers.Our verification results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is effective in extracting transit passengers’ origin information from SC transactions with a relatively high accuracy.Such transit origin data are highly valuable for transit system planning and route optimization.     

工业计量点无线监测系统

工业企业是我国能源消耗大户。为了加强工业企业的能源计量管理,保障工业企业节能降耗的基础工作,文章在分析了现有工业计量体系所存在的技术难点的基础上,提出将无线传感器网络技术应用于能源计量管理的实现方法,同时介绍了工业计量点无线监测系统的构成和优点。     

三网融合的技术现状和未来发展

三网融合是网络发展的主要方向,无线网络是接入有线网络的一个重要途径。本文主要概述了因特网、电信网络、有线电视网络和无线网络的技术现状;分析在三网融合的形势下,它们各自都可以为发展未来包含现在由三种网络提供的所有服务的综合业务网提供核心技术的能力;指出没有单个网络技术能够成为无争议的赢家:融合的网络将具有异构网络集合的特征,提供多种多样的服务;然后在更广阔的视野上阐明了在三网融合之后的未来全局多媒体网络的特征以及建立具有这样的特征的网络所面临的挑战和所需要的变革和创新。     

物联网技术于人文艺术之应用

近年来,物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)产业受到许多的关注,世界各国均视其为潜在无限商机的高科技产业,并投入大量的资源从事研发与推广。由于物联网的应用非常广泛,且透过物联网技术人类得以提升生活质量,让生活更加便利,因此,本论文首先简介物联网的背景及应用,并介绍其基本概念与架构。接着,本论文以「无线感测真菌人文树道」为例,针对物联网技术应用于人文艺术领域进行说明,并详细叙述其所使用到之各项软件、韧体及硬件技术,透过真菌的感测、无线通信及异质网络连网功能的设计,使真菌网络成为物联网在人文艺术应用的一个重要典范。     

跳数加权DV-Hop定位算法

针对DV-Hop定位算法中距离估计误差对定位结果的影响,提出了一种信标节点优选方案和跳数加权DV-Hop定位算法。首先通过设定跳数阈值,保留跳数较少的信标节点,然后剔除近似在一条直线上的信标节点,完成信标节点优选,避免未知节点无法定位的情形。此外,利用Friis模型推导出距离估计误差与信号传播跳数之间的映射关系,采用传播跳数作为加权因子对定位结果进行了修正。仿真结果表明该算法降低了距离估计误差对定位精度的影响,提高了定位精度。     

基于最短路径树的优化生存时间路由算法

为提高无线传感网的生存时间,提出基于最短路径树的优化生存时间路由算法(LORA_SPT).该算法引入节点分类概念,构造基于链路能耗因子、自身节点剩余能量因子、邻居节点剩余能量因子和类型权重因子等多个因子的权值函数.针对不同类型的节点采用不同的权重因子,最后利用dijkstra算法完成最短路径树,所有节点沿着最短路径树将...     

无线传感器网络中一种基于移动Sink的数据收集算法

针对移动无线传感器网络设计一种不依赖于节点地理位置的基于移动汇聚节点(Sink)的数据收集算法(Mobile Sink-based Data Gathering,MSDG)。该算法解决了无线传感器网络中多跳路由通信时出现能量空洞的"热点"问题。Sink沿途以最近的固定节点作为根节点动态构建路由树。簇内移动节点感知的数据经簇头进行数据融合计算,然后将融合后的数据沿路由树反向逐跳转发给Sink。仿真结果表明,MSDG在节点的平均能耗和网络生存时间等方面的性能远超过LEACH、ACE-L等数据收集协议。     

单位计算机网络的建设与维护

计算机网络有效地提高了工的作效率和信息的使用效率,计算机网络的建设既要抓住时机,又要结合本单位的实际情况,注重网络的实际应用价值。从电子政务、办公自动化、数据库以及交通信息化等角度分析了单位计算机网络的建设工作,并对网络的维护工作进行了探讨。     

单幅图像去雨算法研究现状及展望

图像去雨算法通过对有雨图像进行分析和处理从而去除雨水条纹,恢复干净的背景场景,有助于提升计算机视觉任务识别精度,因此成为当下的研究热点。为系统地了解该领域的研究现状和发展趋势,首先介绍了典型的雨水合成模型,其次从基于模型驱动和基于数据驱动两个方面重点分析了典型图像去雨算法模型和方法;之后比较了去雨图像质量评价指标及雨水数据集;最后,对单幅图像去雨算法未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Modeling air flow in sanitary sewer systems: A review

Current designs of sanitary collection systems normally only consider the transport of wastewater without attention on the air movement in the sewer airspaces. Under anaerobic conditions, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) can be generated in the liquid phase in sewer systems. H₂S is corrosive to concrete and steel structures and odorous or even toxic to human, which can cause corrosion and sewer odor issues. To develop a feasible sewer corrosion and odor control strategy, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of air flow in sewer systems for developing practical tools to predict and control the air flow. This paper comprehensively reviewed previous efforts on modeling the air flow in sewer systems and provided recommendations on predicting the air flow for engineering applications. The air flow in a single pipe was firstly reviewed followed by the air flow in sewer structures as well as air flow models in sewer networks. Some other considerations such as temperature driven flow, transient water flow, and wind effect were also reviewed. The knowledge gaps were then identified, and recommendations on the further studies were provided.