基于自学习规则和改进贝叶斯结合的问题分类*

根据对中文问题的分析可知,问题中的疑问词和中心词等关键词对问题所属类型起着决定性的作用。提出利用自学习方法建立疑问词—类别和疑问词+中心词—类别两种规则,并结合改进贝叶斯模型的问题分类方法。该方法充分利用了关键词对分类的贡献。实验结果表明,该分类方法有很大的改进,准确率达到了84%。     

基于轴变形的脚楦匹配方法*

提出并实现了通过脚楦匹配方法来仿真人脚穿上鞋子的状态,能够直观、便利地检查和分析鞋类产品的舒适度。该方法包括三个步骤：首先,保持鞋楦的位置不动,调整脚型的位置,使其与鞋楦严格对齐;其次,基于轴线变形算法,对脚型进行略微变形,使其与鞋楦姿势匹配;最后,根据匹配结果生成脚楦多个截面的分析图,指导对鞋楦舒适度的分析和楦体修改。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地检查鞋楦的舒适度,可应用到个性化定制业务。     

动态网络中的高效多故障诊断技术

针对已有算法复杂度较高,不适用于规模较大网络的问题,将被管系统建立成动态贝叶斯模型,并提出一种能处理多故障的近似推理算法. 通过复杂度分析,证明该近似算法时间复杂度为多项式级,远远低于精确算法的时间复杂度下限,可以用于解决大规模动态网络的故障诊断问题. 实验结果证明,新算法在准确度方面虽然略低于精确算法,但执行效率上远远高于精确算法.     

Some new distance measures for type-2 fuzzy sets and distance measure based ranking for group decision making problems

In this paper, we propose some distance measures between type-2 fuzzy sets, and also a new family of utmost distance measures are presented. Several properties of differ- ent proposed distance measures have been introduced. Also, we have introduced a new ranking method for the ordering of type-2 fuzzy sets based on the proposed distance measure. The proposed ranking method satisfies the reasonable prop- erties for the ordering of fuzzy quantities. Some properties such as robustness, order relation have been presented. Lim- itations of existing ranking methods have been studied. Fur- ther for practical use, a new method for selecting the best alternative, for group decision making problems is proposed. This method is illustrated with a numerical example.     

基于学习者画像的数据库课程教学改革研究

针对现有数据库基础课程教学无法满足学生多样化需求为背景,本文引入问卷调查获取学生个性化特征,根据学习者的基本信息、行为数据、态度数据以及学习结果对其进行画像,将具有相同学习行为的学生形成群体,按学生个人能力和需求给予个性化教学,并及时对学生学习过程进行干预,设计形成以人为本的差异性和多元化数据库课程教学新模式。     

A joint introduction to Gaussian Processes and Relevance Vector Machines with connections to Kalman filtering and other kernel smoothers

The expressive power of Bayesian kernel-based methods has led them to become an important tool across many different facets of artificial intelligence, and useful to a plethora of modern application domains, providing both power and interpretability via uncertainty analysis. This article introduces and discusses two methods which straddle the areas of probabilistic Bayesian schemes and kernel methods for regression: Gaussian Processes and Relevance Vector Machines. Our focus is on developing a common framework with which to view these methods, via intermediate methods a probabilistic version of the well-known kernel ridge regression, and drawing connections among them, via dual formulations, and discussion of their application in the context of major tasks: regression, smoothing, interpolation, and filtering. Overall, we provide understanding of the mathematical concepts behind these models, and we summarize and discuss in depth different interpretations and highlight the relationship to other methods, such as linear kernel smoothers, Kalman filtering and Fourier approximations. Throughout, we provide numerous figures to promote understanding, and we make numerous recommendations to practitioners. Benefits and drawbacks of the different techniques are highlighted. To our knowledge, this is the most in-depth study of its kind to date focused on these two methods, and will be relevant to theoretical understanding and practitioners throughout the domains of data-science, signal processing, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in general.     

结合Bi-2DPCA与CNN的美式手语识别

针对现有美式手语（ASL）识别算法准确率低和模型训练时间长的问题,提出一种结合双向二维主成分分析（Bi-2DPCA）与卷积神经网络（CNN）并基于贝叶斯优化的识别算法。利用Bi-2DPCA算法对原始图像做数据降维处理,提取行、列方向的特征图,使用卷积神经网络对特征图进行训练分类,同时采用贝叶斯优化算法对模型超参数进行自动调参。在24分类ASL数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法的识别准确率达到99.15%,训练时间相比传统CNN算法减少90.3%。     

基于客户喜好的双向个性化推荐算法

为了解决现有推荐算法仅考虑同类产品间单向推荐所缺乏的灵活性,提升产品的销量及用户的购物体验,提出一种基于客户喜好的双向个性化推荐算法,不仅可以为客户精准推荐产品,还可以为商家推荐潜在客户.首先,基于产品购买网络中客户及其邻居的购买信息,扩展客户购买信息;其次设计客户产品喜好权重计算办法,分析客户的购买喜好,并在客户喜好的指导下为客户提供个性化的产品推荐;最后,基于商家提供的样本客户,挖掘与样本客户相似的客户构成社区,为商家提供潜在客户推荐以及精准客户维护.在真实数据集上的实验验证了算法的有效性.该算法从客户和商家两个维度出发实现了产品与客户的双向推荐,为个性化推荐领域的研究提供有益的帮助.     

基于频繁项挖掘的贝叶斯网络结构学习算法BNSL-FIM

贝叶斯网络能够表示不确定知识并进行推理计算表达,但由于实际样本数据存在噪声和大小限制以及网络空间搜索的复杂性,贝叶斯网络结构学习始终会存在一定的误差。为了提高贝叶斯网络结构学习的准确度,提出了以最大频繁项集和关联规则分析结果为先验知识的贝叶斯网络结构学习算法BNSL-FIM 。首先从数据中挖掘出最大频繁项集并对该项集进行结构学习,之后使用关联规则分析结果对其进行校正,从而确定基于频繁项挖掘和关联规则分析的先验知识。然后提出一种融合先验知识的BDeu评分算法进行贝叶斯网络结构学习。最后在6个公开标准的数据集上开展了实验,并对比引入先验/不引入先验的结构与原始网络结构的汉明距离,结果表明所提算法与未引入先验的BDeu评分算法相比显著提高了贝叶斯网络结构学习的准确度。     

改进在线词对主题模型的微博热点话题演化

话题演化分析是舆情监控的研究热点之一,面向微博热点话题进行演化分析,对于网络用户以及网络监管部门都有很重要的现实意义。针对在线词对主题模型（On-line Biterm Topic Model,OBTM）新旧主题混合、冗余词概率相对较高的问题,对OBTM进行改进,提出基于话题标签和先验参数的OBTM模型（Topic Labels and Prior Parameters OBTM,LPOBTM）。根据微博热点话题的话题标签,将微博文本集区分为含话题标签和不含话题标签的两类数据集,并设置不同的文档-主题先验参数;在前一时间片文档-主题概率分布的基础上,借鉴Sigmod函数对所有主题进行强度排名,从而优化当前时间片上主题-词分布的先验参数计算方法。实验结果表明,LPOBTM能够更准确地描述话题的内容演化情况,并且有更低的模型困惑度。