Geotextile encased columns (GEC) used as pressure-relief system. Instrumented bridge abutment case study on soft soil

Geosynthetic Encased Sand Columns (GEC) have been frequently adopted in geo-engineering practice to improve bearing capacity, reduce settlements and accelerate consolidation in saturated soft cohesive ground (e.g. Alexiew et al, 2005; Alexiew et al., 2012; Raithel et al, 2005). The present paper extends these early views by introducing the use of columns to reduce the magnitude of horizontal earth pressures acting on structures adjacent to compaction fills. The monitoring program of a full-scale bridge abutment on soft soil supported by GECs and geogrid reinforced system is described, where field performance is monitored with pressure cells, electrical piezometers, inclinometers and settlement plates. Analytical and numerical analyses have been performed to help on interpreting experimental measurements. The collected database is interpreted to demonstrate that GEC can reduce by up to 50% the horizontal earth pressure over bridge border foundation piles when compared to values predicted for unreinforced ground and demonstrate that the work conformed to acceptable limits of behavior.     

Experimental study on the load bearing behavior of geosynthetic reinforced soil bridge abutments with different facing conditions

This paper presents an experimental study on reduced-scale model tests of geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) bridge abutments with modular block facing, full-height panel facing, and geosynthetic wrapped facing to investigate the influence of facing conditions on the load bearing behavior. The GRS abutment models were constructed using sand backfill and geogrid reinforcement. Test results indicate that footing settlements and facing displacements under the same applied vertical stress generally increase from full-height panel facing abutment, to modular block facing abutment, to geosynthetic wrapped facing abutment. Measured incremental vertical and lateral soil stresses for the two GRS abutments with flexible facing are generally similar, while the GRS abutment with rigid facing has larger stresses. For the GRS abutments with flexible facing, maximum reinforcement tensile strain in each layer typically occurs under the footing for the upper reinforcement layers and near the facing connections for the lower layers. For the full-height panel facing abutment, maximum reinforcement tensile strains generally occur near the facing connections.     

基于ANSYS的桥机金属结构校核

针对起重机传统设计方法中存在的包括材料浪费等诸多问题，以160t-16m的桥式起重机为研究对象，以ANSYS的参数化设计语言APDL为研究工具，参照相关图纸和结构数据，对桥式起重机主梁金属结构进行参数化建模并进行有限元分析，采用许用应力法对其进行校核，判断其是否满足强度、刚度、稳定性等使用要求。     

基于经验模态分解的桥式起重机振动模态分析

以机械系统模态分析理论为基础，分析了桥式起重机简支梁模型振动特性，提出了基于经验模态分解的桥式起重机模态分析方法。简支梁振动响应通过经验模态分解处理得到固有模态函数，分析表明固有模式函数与振动模式函数具有较高的一致性。最后通过简支梁振动实验验证了桥式起重机EMD分析方法的可实现性。基于EMD的桥式起重机模态分析方法对于在用、维修和改造桥式起重机的模态分析具有重要意义。     

海上超长钻孔灌注桩旋挖钻机成孔施工技术

海南洋浦跨海大桥主墩采用37Φ2.2～2.5m变截面钻孔灌注桩,桩长86-110m。本文主要介绍针对海上复杂地质条件下超长钻孔灌注桩旋挖钻机成孔施工工艺、施工工艺和质量控制措施。     

铁路和地铁桥梁结构噪声研究

分析桥梁结构噪声产生的机理和声振特性,介绍了国内外结构噪声的相关标准,综述了结构噪声的测试方法及计算方法,并指出了其不足之处,探讨了列车速度、空气、水等不同流体对结构噪声的影响,以及内部空腔结构和薄板等结构噪声特性,介绍了减小轨道结构振动、改变结构边界条件、增加结构刚度、改变桥梁截面等降低桥梁结构噪声的措施,指出多种措施的联合使用才是降低桥梁结构噪声的合理方法。     

钢管混凝土拱均匀温差设计取值研究

以一座钢管混凝土桁拱为研究对象,应用经实桥实测温度场验证的有限元方法和三个不同区域实测环境温度,通过对计算合龙温度、有效温度和温差设计取值方法精度的计算以及温度次内力与有限元理论值差异的对比分析,研究了钢管混凝土拱均匀温差设计取值问题。研究表明,福建省地方建设标准《钢管混凝土拱桥技术规程》推荐的计算合龙温度公式可推广至全国其他区域;对于有效温度,可取当地最高气温作为最高有效温度,最低日平均气温或当地最低气温作为最低有效温度。     

飞云江五桥主跨桁架拱施工探讨

本文主要对飞云江五桥主跨桁架拱的施工方法进行了分析探讨.