柳河大米产地环境及其矿物元素分布特征的典范对应分析

为筛选稳定可靠的柳河大米产地确证元素,通过2 次典范对应分析研究影响吉林省柳河大米采样点分布的环境因子,分析大米产地确证元素在区域尺度内的影响关系及其稳定性。典范对应分析结果表明,2 个环境梯度轴分别解释大米矿物元素含量总方差的17.3%和23.4%,柳河大米矿物元素含量和环境变量之间存在较强的空间相关性,受产地环境变量影响最大的为Se元素,Ca、Zn、Mg含量受其影响最小,Mg、Ca、Na、Mn、Zn具有较好的稳定性和空间代表性,可作为柳河大米产地确证的指标元素。研究结果为建立柳河大米确证模型提供有效的理论依据。     

联合标签预测与判别投影学习的半监督典型相关分析

目的 典型相关分析是一种经典的多视图学习方法。为了提高投影方向的判别性能,现有典型相关分析方法通常采用引入样本标签信息的策略。然而,获取样本的标签信息需要付出大量的人力与物力,为此,提出了一种联合标签预测与判别投影学习的半监督典型相关分析算法。方法 将标签预测与模型构建相融合,具体地说,将标签预测融入典型相关分析框架中,利用联合学习框架学得的标签矩阵更新投影方向,进而学得的投影方向又重新更新标签矩阵。标签预测与投影方向的学习过程相互依赖、交替更新,预测标签不断地接近其真实标签,有利于学得最优的投影方向。结果 本文方法在AR、Extended Yale B、Multi-PIE和ORL这4个人脸数据集上分别进行实验。特征维度为20时,在AR、Extended Yale B、Multi-PIE和ORL人脸数据集上分别取得87%、55%、83%和85%识别率。取训练样本中每人2（3,4,5）幅人脸图像为监督样本,提出的方法识别率在4个人脸数据集上均高于其他方法。训练样本中每人5幅人脸图像为监督样本,在AR、Extended Yale B、Multi-PIE和ORL人脸数据集上分别取得94.67%、68%、83%和85%识别率。实验结果表明在训练样本标签信息较少情况下以及特征降维后的维数较低的情况下,联合学习模型使得降维后的数据最大限度地保存更加有效的信息,得到较好的识别结果。结论 本文提出的联合学习方法提高了学习的投影方向的判别性能,能够有效地处理少量的有标签样本和大量的无标签样本的情况以及解决两步学习策略的缺陷。     

Low grade thermal energy sources and uses from the process industry in the UK

Thermal energy loss in the process industry is a significant issue due to the high temperatures and multiple heat intensive processes involved. High-grade thermal energy is typically recovered within processes. However, lower grade heat is often rejected to the environment.The benefits of capturing and utilising low grade thermal energy are highly dependent on the qualities and properties of the heat in the waste streams. The temperature of the low grade heat stream is the most important parameter, as the effective use of the residual heat or the efficiency of energy recovery from the low grade heat sources will mainly depend on the temperature difference between the source and a suitable sink, e.g. another process or space heating/cooling. In general, the temperatures of these waste heat sources are too low to produce electricity and direct heat use will depend on whether potential user can be found.This paper presents past and current drivers for heat recovery studies. High and low grade heat sources are defined according to the viability of recovery within the processes. Firstly, high grade heat capture within the processes is reviewed. Then, the focus is on the potential for low grade heat capture outside of the original plant. The paper addresses the potential for low grade heat recovery with regard to new incentives and technological advances. Finally, different aspects which influence the decision making for low grade heat recovery in the process industry are discussed. It is concluded that organisational, financial and economic barriers might be overcome and benefits from a holistic vision could be gained with stronger governmental policy and regulation incentives.     

基于DCR假设的KDM-CCA安全性

加密方案的KDM（Key-Dependent Message）安全性定义依赖于某一特定的函数族[F]。通过引入一类新的函数族,证明了在两个用户的情形下,Cramer和Shoup提出了基于DCR（Decisional Composite Residuosity）假设的方案（以下称为CS-DCR方案）,关于这类新函数族具有KDM-CCA安全性。由于CS-DCR方案本身非常得高效,因此,获得了兼有高效性和（相应）KDM-CCA安全性的加密方案。     

蒸压纤维水泥板覆面轻钢龙骨式复合墙体抗剪性能试验研究

为研究采用蒸压无石棉纤维素纤维水泥板(CCA板)覆面的轻钢龙骨式复合墙体的抗剪性能,进行了13片足尺墙体的水平单调加载和低周反复加载试验。试验结果表明,采用CCA板覆面轻钢龙骨式复合墙体的破坏主要表现为自攻螺钉连接处的CCA板拉裂或者螺钉拔出,最终CCA板失去传递剪力的能力而破坏,轻钢龙骨未发生明显破坏。基于试验结果,得到了各类CCA板覆面墙体的屈服荷载、最大荷载、破坏荷载以及位移延性系数等性能指标。最后,分析了CCA板厚度、密度以及加载方式对轻钢龙骨式复合墙体受剪性能的影响,并与OSB板、石膏板覆面墙体进行了比较。     

Metal contamination at a wood preservation site: characterisation and experimental studies on remediation

The aim of this investigation was to determine the occurrence of As, Cu, Cr and Zn in the soil at an abandoned wood preservation unit and to examine some possible extractants for the contaminants in the soil. The mean As content of the contaminated surface soils (0-10 cm) was 186 mg kg(-1), where as the mean concentrations of Cu, Cr and Zn in soils from the contaminated area were 26, 29 and 91 mg kg(-1), respectively. The elevated As content in the mineral soils is related to adsorption of inorganic As phases in the fine grained fractions, which are characterised by large surface area and high positive surface charge under the current acidic conditions. Cu and Cr were found to be rather mobile, which is reflected in their lower abundance in soils and significant accumulation in sediments in the drainage leaving the area. The fine fraction of the soil (<0.125 mm) has an average metal content increased by nearly 34% as compared to the <2-mm fraction conventionally used for the analysis and assessment of soil contamination. The <2-mm fraction constitutes approximately 65% of the total weight while the fine fraction (<0.125 mm) constitutes approximately 10%. These facts, taken together, are essential for the choice of remediation measures. Oxalate solutions have been tested as extractants for soil remediation. Dark acid oxalate extraction dissolves the amorphous Al- and Fe-oxides and hydroxides and mobilises the adsorbed inorganic As species. Oxalate also acts as a ligand for the cationic heavy metals, releasing them from exchangeable sites. With a three-step sequential leaching, up to 98-99% of the metals could be removed. At lower concentrations and higher pH, the leaching decreased to approximately 70%.     

Cu, Cr and As distribution in soils adjacent to CCA-treated utility poles in Eastern Blacksea Region of Turkey

In this study, the main objective was to asses the distribution of Cu, Cr, and As in soils adjacent to CCA-treated utility poles in Eastern Blacksea Region of Turkey (Trabzon, Rize and Artvin ) and determine the influence of soil composition.

Surface (0–5 cm) and subsurface soil samples (30–40 cm) were collected near CCA-treated utility poles and control soil samples away from CCA-treated utility poles were also collected. Water holding capacity, pH and mechanical properties of soil samples were determined for both depth levels.

Results showed that Cu, Cr and As concentration in soil samples taken from all three cities in 0–5 cm depth was higher than soil samples taken from 30–40 cm depth. Cu, Cr and As concentrations were much higher in soil samples taken from city of Rize     

多彩色空间相关分析的人脸识别算法

人脸识别是当前人工智能和模式识别的研究热点,得到了广泛的关注.基于对不同色彩空间数据的分析,论文提出了多彩色空间典型相关分析的人脸识别方法.文中对2维的Contourlet变换特性进行了分析和讨论,利用Contourlet的多尺度,方向性和各向异性等特点,提出了一种基于Contourlet变换的彩色人脸识别算法.算法对原图进行Contourlet分解,对分解得到的低频和高频图像进行cca分析.典型相关分析是一种有效的分析方法,其实际应用十分广泛.低频系数反映图像的轮廓信息,高频系数反映图像的细节信息,使用cca充分利用不同频率的信息,使不同色彩空间的不同分辨率图形的相关性达到最大,得到投影系数,最后,采用决策级最近邻分类器完成人脸识别.在对彩色人脸数据库AR的识别实验中,该算法识别率达到98％以上,与传统算法相比,该算法不仅既有良好的识别结果,而且具有很快的运算速度.     

氧化铝对水体中重金属离子吸附去除研究

以木材防腐剂CCA中的重金属铬、砷和铜为研究对象,评价了氧化铝对3种重金属的同时吸附去除效果,并对3种重金属在氧化铝上相互作用机理进行了探讨.结果表明,铬对氧化铝去除砷和铜均无显著影响;砷显著抑制氧化铝对铬的去除,但促进铜的去除;铜促进氧化铝对铬和砷的去除;铬主要通过外层作用(静电吸附,离子交换等方式)吸附在氧化铝的表面上;而砷主要通过内层吸附(专性吸附)在氧化铝的表面上,因而引起氧化铝的等电点朝较低的pH移动;铜主要通过专性吸附和沉淀作用得以去除.总体上,在中性环境下,氧化铝对3种重金属可同时具有较好的去除效果.