全文获取类型
收费全文 | 76647篇 |
免费 | 7361篇 |
国内免费 | 5618篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 2398篇 |
技术理论 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 4949篇 |
化学工业 | 19732篇 |
金属工艺 | 6463篇 |
机械仪表 | 4029篇 |
建筑科学 | 2767篇 |
矿业工程 | 2115篇 |
能源动力 | 1864篇 |
轻工业 | 5088篇 |
水利工程 | 1121篇 |
石油天然气 | 2720篇 |
武器工业 | 606篇 |
无线电 | 9329篇 |
一般工业技术 | 10764篇 |
冶金工业 | 3103篇 |
原子能技术 | 983篇 |
自动化技术 | 11594篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 302篇 |
2023年 | 1439篇 |
2022年 | 2518篇 |
2021年 | 2981篇 |
2020年 | 2466篇 |
2019年 | 2211篇 |
2018年 | 1993篇 |
2017年 | 2455篇 |
2016年 | 2695篇 |
2015年 | 2718篇 |
2014年 | 3946篇 |
2013年 | 4274篇 |
2012年 | 4911篇 |
2011年 | 6281篇 |
2010年 | 4649篇 |
2009年 | 5246篇 |
2008年 | 4639篇 |
2007年 | 5379篇 |
2006年 | 4880篇 |
2005年 | 4123篇 |
2004年 | 3275篇 |
2003年 | 2945篇 |
2002年 | 2435篇 |
2001年 | 1819篇 |
2000年 | 1757篇 |
1999年 | 1352篇 |
1998年 | 1053篇 |
1997年 | 811篇 |
1996年 | 771篇 |
1995年 | 596篇 |
1994年 | 568篇 |
1993年 | 440篇 |
1992年 | 347篇 |
1991年 | 291篇 |
1990年 | 214篇 |
1989年 | 177篇 |
1988年 | 115篇 |
1987年 | 100篇 |
1986年 | 108篇 |
1985年 | 57篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 38篇 |
1982年 | 45篇 |
1981年 | 23篇 |
1980年 | 38篇 |
1979年 | 28篇 |
1977年 | 17篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Tomasz Wasiewicz Paulina Szyszka Miroslawa Cichorek Zorica Janjetovic Robert C. Tuckey Andrzej T. Slominski Michal A. Zmijewski 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(4):6645-6667
Deregulated melanogenesis is involved in melanomagenesis and melanoma progression and resistance to therapy. Vitamin D analogs have anti-melanoma activity. While the hypercalcaemic effect of the active form of Vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) limits its therapeutic use, novel Vitamin D analogs with a modified side chain demonstrate low calcaemic activity. We therefore examined the effect of secosteroidal analogs, both classic (1,25(OH)2D3 and 25(OH)D3), and novel relatively non-calcemic ones (20(OH)D3, calcipotriol, 21(OH)pD, pD and 20(OH)pL), on proliferation, colony formation in monolayer and soft-agar, and mRNA and protein expression by melanoma cells. Murine B16-F10 and hamster Bomirski Ab cell lines were shown to be effective models to study how melanogenesis affects anti-melanoma treatment. Novel Vitamin D analogs with a short side-chain and lumisterol-like 20(OH)pL efficiently inhibited rodent melanoma growth. Moderate pigmentation sensitized rodent melanoma cells towards Vitamin D analogs, and altered expression of key genes involved in Vitamin D signaling, which was opposite to the effect on heavily pigmented cells. Interestingly, melanogenesis inhibited ligand-induced Vitamin D receptor translocation and ligand-induced expression of VDR and CYP24A1 genes. These findings indicate that melanogenesis can affect the anti-melanoma activity of Vitamin D analogs in a complex manner. 相似文献
72.
Hashim A.
Hashim 《国际强度与非线性控制杂志
》2020,30(10):3848-3870
》2020,30(10):3848-3870
This paper introduces two novel nonlinear stochastic attitude estimators developed on the Special Orthogonal Group with the tracking error of the normalized Euclidean distance meeting predefined transient and steady‐state characteristics. The tracking error is confined to initially start within a predetermined large set such that the transient performance is guaranteed to obey dynamically reducing boundaries and decrease smoothly and asymptotically to the origin in probability from almost any initial condition. The proposed estimators produce accurate attitude estimates with remarkable convergence properties using measurements obtained from low‐cost inertial measurement units. The estimators proposed in continuous form are complemented by their discrete versions for the implementation purposes. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed estimators against uncertain measurements and large initialization error, whether in continuous or discrete form. 相似文献
73.
The present study was aimed to utilize low‐cost alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles for improving the heat transfer behavior in an intercooler of two‐stage air compressor. Experimental investigation was carried out with three different volume concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0% Al2O3/water nanofluids to assess the performance of the intercooler, that is, counterflow heat exchanger at different loads. Thermal properties such as thermal conductivity and overall heat transfer coefficient of nanofluid increased substantially with increasing concentration of Al2O3 nanoparticles. Specific heat capacity of nanofluids were lower than base water. The intercooler performance parameters such as effectiveness and efficiency improved appreciably with the employment of nanofluid. The efficiency increased by about 6.1% with maximum concentration of nanofluid, that is, 1% at 3‐bar compressor load. It is concluded from the study that high concentration of Al2O3 nanoparticles dispersion in water would offer better heat transfer performance of the intercooler. 相似文献
74.
Multicellular tumor spheroid models (MCTS) are often coined as 3D in vitro models that can mimic the microenvironment of tissues. MCTS have gained increasing interest in the nano‐biotechnology field as they can provide easily accessible information on the performance of nanoparticles without using animal models. Considering that many countries have put restrictions on animals testing, which will only tighten in the future as seen by the recent developments in the Netherlands, 3D models will become an even more valuable tool. Here, an overview on MCTS is provided, focusing on their use in cancer research as most nanoparticles are tested in MCTS for treatment of primary tumors. Thereafter, various types of nanoparticles—from self‐assembled block copolymers to inorganic nanoparticles, are discussed. A range of physicochemical parameters including the size, shape, surface chemistry, ligands attachment, stability, and stiffness are found to influence nanoparticles in MCTS. Some of these studies are complemented by animal studies confirming that lessons from MCTS can in part predict the behaviour in vivo. In summary, MCTS are suitable models to gain additional information on nanoparticles. While not being able to replace in vivo studies, they can bridge the gap between traditional 2D in vitro studies and in vivo models. 相似文献
75.
Slim Salhi Jihen Mahfoudh Souhir Abid Leonard‐Ionut Atanase Marcel Popa Christelle Delaite 《Polymer International》2020,69(11):1161-1168
A series of random polyesteramides (PEAs) with a range of molar composition from 90/10 to 50/50 were synthesized by direct melt polycondensation of ε‐caprolactone and l ‐alanine. Their structure was fully characterized by Fourier transform IR and NMR spectroscopy. The resulting copolymers are completely amorphous with the exception of PEA‐90/10 which possesses a semicrystalline structure. These PEAs present increasing glass transition temperatures at increasing l ‐alanine contents and exhibit fairly good thermal stability with 10% mass loss temperatures reaching 315 °C. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry 相似文献
76.
吴小霞 《成都电子机械高等专科学校学报》2015,(2):4-6
APOBEC是人体内具有胞嘧啶脱氨酶活性的家族,共11个成员,是人体的天然防御者。 APOBEC通过与DNA和RNA结合,使底物上的胞嘧啶C脱氨基,可完成其各自不同的功能。 APOBEC1编辑载脂蛋白B的mRNA,AID在抗体成熟中的体细胞超突变和类别转换重组中起关键作用,APOBEC3可抑制反转录病毒复制,而APOBEC2和APOBEC4的功能还不完全清楚。采用文献综述法,比较分析近年来国内外关于APOBEC家族各成员的结构和功能研究的新进展,为进一步研究APOBEC家族的抗病毒功能和艾滋病等疾病的治疗提供参考。 相似文献
77.
Guankui Long Yecheng Zhou Mingtao Zhang Randy Sabatini Abdullah Rasmita Li Huang Girish Lakhwani Weibo Gao 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(17)
Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs), in particular 3D HOIPs, have demonstrated remarkable properties, including ultralong charge‐carrier diffusion lengths, high dielectric constants, low trap densities, tunable absorption and emission wavelengths, strong spin–orbit coupling, and large Rashba splitting. These superior properties have generated intensive research interest in HOIPs for high‐performance optoelectronics and spintronics. Here, 3D hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites that implant chirality through introducing the chiral methylammonium cation are demonstrated. Based on structural optimization, phonon spectra, formation energy, and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, it is found that the chirality of the chiral cations can be successfully transferred to the framework of 3D HOIPs, and the resulting 3D chiral HOIPs are both kinetically and thermodynamically stable. Combining chirality with the impressive optical, electrical, and spintronic properties of 3D perovskites, 3D chiral perovskites is of great interest in the fields of piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, ferroelectricity, topological quantum engineering, circularly polarized optoelectronics, and spintronics. 相似文献
78.
79.
80.
We compare the current density–voltage (J–V) and magnetoconductance (MC) response of a poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) (P3HT) device (Au/P3HT(350 nm)/Al) before and after annealing above the glass transition temperature of 150 °C under vacuum. There is a decrease of more than 3 orders of magnitude in current density due to an increase of the charge injection barriers after de-doping through annealing. An increase, approaching 1 order of magnitude, in the negative MC response after annealing can be explained by a shift in the Fermi level due to de-doping, according to the bipolaron mechanism. We successfully tune the charge injection barrier through re-doping by photo-oxidation. This leads to the charge injection and transport transitioning from unipolar to ambipolar, as the bias increases, and we model the MC response using a combination of bipolaron and triplet-polaron interaction mechanisms. 相似文献