Using what we know: Consequences of intentionally retrieving gist versus item-specific information.

The effect of a prior gist-based versus item-specific retrieval orientation on recognition of objects and words was examined. Prior item-specific retrieval increased item-specific recognition of episodically related but not previously tested objects relative to both conceptual- and perceptual-gist retrieval. An item-specific retrieval advantage also was found when the stimuli were words (synonyms) rather than objects but not when participants overtly named objects during gist-based recognition testing, which suggests that they did not always label objects under general gist-retrieval instructions. Unlike verbal overshadowing, labeling objects during recognition attenuated (but did not eliminate) test- and interference-related forgetting. A full understanding of how retrieval affects subsequent memory, even for events or facts that are not themselves retrieved, must take into account the specificity with which that retrieval occurs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

计算机模拟溃坝洪水问题的程序设计

随着计算机性能的提高，计算机模拟技术日益复杂，在研究使用计算机模拟洪水的演进，以期给出准确的预警，最大限度减少损失和人员伤亡方面也取得一定进步。本文尝试用MATLAB程序模拟溃坝洪水，并在最后给出一个算例。     

埋弧焊方法的使用

通过对埋弧焊工作原理、特点和焊接工艺的介绍,提出了鸿源卷管的焊接参数,埋弧焊焊接缺陷及其防止措施。     

Locational analysis for regionalization of Turkish Red Crescent blood services

After a series of earthquakes in 1999, Turkish Red Crescent (TRC) has engaged in a restructuring for all of its activities, including the blood services. Our study on the blood management system had been started as part of this initiative to restructure the blood services and improve both their effectiveness and efficiency. In the current system of TRC, not much consideration has been given to how the locational decisions affect the performance of blood centers, stations and mobile units. In recent years, however, there has been much discussion regarding the regionalization of the blood management system in Turkey. In this study, we develop several mathematical models to solve the location–allocation decision problems in regionalization of blood services. We report our computational results, obtained by using real data, for TRC blood services.     

直流电弧炉长弧泡沫渣技术

本文指出了直流电弧炉采用长弧泡沫渣技术的必要性及该技术的发展现状，总结了炉渣物理性质，化学成分，温度和气源等对炉渣泡沫化的影响，并介绍了电炉泡沫渣的操作工艺及实际应用效果，对宝钢三期１５０ｔＤＣ－ＵＨＰ电弧炉的泡沫渣工艺提出了看法。     

Characteristics and classification of high-current fault arcs on distribution systems

When a fault occurs on transmission or distribution systems due to lightning or overvoltage, often an arc discharge occurs at the fault point. The arc discharge, which is caused by a fault current, has a high current, high temperature, strong light emission, etc., thus it sometimes causes heavy damages to electric power equipment. The arc discharge is influenced by the conditions around the arcs, i.e., gas, insulation materials, gap length, weather, etc. Also, the arc voltage along the arc column indicates the characteristics of the arc. If the voltage waveforms of the arcs caused by the fault on transmission or distribution systems are classified, it is possible to find the location and the equipment where the fault occurred. In this paper, the arc voltage data in 6-kV class XLPE cables and 6-kV class overhead lines are analyzed and an artificial neural network method is applied to classify the arc voltage waveforms. The results obtained from the six artificial neural networks developed show that the artificial neural network method is effective for classification of arc voltage waveforms if adequate input parameters are selected.     

Fast parallel Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient algorithms for robot manipulator dynamics simulation

In this paper fast parallel Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) algorithms for robot manipulator forward dynamics, or dynamic simulation, problem are presented. By exploiting the inherent structure of the forward dynamics problem, suitable preconditioners are devised to accelerate the iterations. Also, based on the choice of preconditioners, a modified dynamic formulation is used to speedup both serial and parallel computation of each iteration. The implementation of the parallel algorithms on two interconnected processor arrays is discussed and their computation and communication complexities are analyzed. The simulation results for a Puma Arm are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed preconditioners. With a faster convergence due to preconditioning and a faster computation of iterations due to parallelization, the developed parallel PCG algorithms represent the fastest alternative for parallel computation of the problem withO(n) processors.     

Isometric Piecewise Polynomial Curves

The main preoccupations of research in computer-aided geometric design have been on shape-specification techniques for polynomial curves and surfaces, and on the continuity between segments or patches. When modelling with such techniques, curves and surfaces can be compressed or expanded arbitrarily. There has been relatively little work on interacting with direct spatial properties of curves and surfaces, such as their arc length or surface area. As a first step, we derive families of parametric piecewise polynomial curves that satisfy various positional and tangential constraints together with arc-length constraints. We call these curves isometric curves. A space curve is defined as a sequence of polynomial curve segments, each of which is defined by the familiar Hermite or Bézier constraints for cubic polynomials; as well, each segment is constrained to have a specified arc length. We demonstrate that this class of curves is attractive and stable. We also describe the numerical techniques used that are sufficient for achieving real time interaction with these curves on low-end workstations.     

External watchman routes

We consider the problem of finding a shortest watchman route from which the exterior of a polygon is visible (external watchman route). We present an O (n ⁴ log logn) algorithm to find shortest external watchman routes for simple polygons by transforming the external watchman route problem to a set of internal watchman route problems. Also, we present faster external watchman route algorithms for special cases. These include optimal O (n) algorithms for convex, monotone, star and spiral polygons and an O (n log logn) algorithm for rectilinear polygons.This work was supported in part by a grant from Texas Instruments, Inc. to S. Ntafos     

真空阴极弧离子镀类金刚石碳（DLC）膜的碳弧稳定性研究

选用氩气、氩气加氢气、氩气加乙炔等气体作为介质，石墨作为靶材进行真空阴极弧离子镀来制备类金刚石碳膜。石墨电弧有其独特的电弧特性曲线，不同气体介质对碳弧特性的影响不同，磁场的大小对电弧的稳定性有很大作用，碳弧下基片偏流随电弧电压的增加而减小，试验得到表面光滑的类金刚石碳（DLC）膜，对膜的表面进行了SEM分析。