单组分湿固化聚氨酯密封剂的制备、固化特性及开发应用

介绍了单组分湿固化聚氨酯密封剂的制备、固化特性及该产品的国内外发展概况，并就其开发工作提出了看法。     

预应力长锚杆加固理论探讨

通过岩体剪切破坏分析，找出最危险剪切破坏面，再用合理结构的预应力长锚杆或长锚索提供的有效抗剪力，消除岩体最大破坏剪应力，以过到加固边坡不稳定滑动岩体目的。     

Flow pattern measurement in a full scale silo containing iron ore

The flow pattern in a silo is important because it affects both the recovery of solids and the pressures on the silo wall during discharge. Wherever mass flow is not achieved, the boundary of the flow channel has significant implications for both the functional and structural design of the silo. Many techniques have been used for the study of flow patterns in model silos, but most cannot be used at full scale, and very few quality measurements at full scale have ever been made. This paper outlines a full scale experimental study in which the patterns of solids flow and the flow channel boundaries are reliably quantified.The full scale silo was specially designed, constructed and instrumented to exhibit funnel flow and to make observations of the solids flow pattern and the silo wall pressures. It had three outlets: one concentric, one fully eccentric and one in between. Three materials were used: iron ore pellets, slag fines and crushed basalt. This paper describes experiments involving iron ore pellets. The silo was seeded with radio frequency tags whose residence times were measured by detecting them on exit during discharge. The residence time data were studied to deduce the discharge flow pattern. This paper presents the results of three different flow pattern interpretation techniques: the best of them (mass-time relationships) is shown to give a very clear identification of the solids flow pattern and the flow channel boundary.     

单填料函滑动管板式换热器密封结构的设计

自行设计了一台单填料函滑动管板式换热器代替进口设备，运转良好。本文着重介绍该设备密封结构的设计。     

Study of siloxane additives migration to the surface of polyester-(melamine)-polyurethane coatings: Aging effects after ethanol cleaning

This study determines the influences of siloxane flow agents’ migration on the outermost surface composition of clearcoats, before and after ethanol cleaning. This evaluation is undertaken to improve adhesion of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) on automotive paint systems. Most of the siloxane flow agents segregate from the bulk to the clearcoat outermost surface during curing. These additives can cover until 50% of the surface area but X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analyses indicate that they can be removed by ethanol cleaning. Composition of the cleaned clearcoats surfaces are similar as the composition of clearcoat formulated without siloxane additives: the polyester-(melamine)-polyurethane network is more detected than before cleaning. However, outermost surface analyses show that several aging weeks increase the siloxane additives segregation. This post-cleaning migration modifies the clearcoat surface composition and cancels the chemical modifications due to the ethanol cleaning. XPS analyses show that silicon concentrations after cleaning and aging are inversely proportional to the initial silicon concentrations measured after curing. It highlights that aging has to be controlled to improve adhesion of PSAs on clearcoats. A second ethanol cleaning on aged clearcoats is not effective to remove these new siloxane additives. Their formulation should be different from the flow agents and it could modify their solubility in ethanol. This result could also indicate that these new siloxane additives are not located on the last molecular layer of surface and they would not be soluble in ethanol.     

Novel high strength graphitic foams

A novel high strength graphitic foam was produced through the incorporation of carbon nanofibers into a pitch based precursor. The nanofiber reinforced cellular foams were mechanically tested both from a localized and bulk perspective with results indicating enhanced foam performance with nanofiber addition. The magnitude of increased performance was a result of both the nanofiber itself as well as its heat treatment as an increase in each was found to cause an associated increase in foam performance. The increase in mechanical capability is attributed to the formation of a zigzag structure in the ligaments and nodes of the foam. This zigzag structure serves as an interlocking mechanism, preventing easy shearing of the graphene layers. The in situ fracture mechanics experiment shows brittle behavior of a single ligament indicating that only reinforced foam behaves like that of a carbon fiber.     

脲醛树脂胶粘剂~(13)C核磁共振分析

采用常规化学分析和13C核磁共振相结合的方法,分析研究了脲醛树脂胶粘剂性能与结构的关系。结果表明:在摩尔配比F:U=1.2:1时,粘度越高,游离尿素的含量越低,羟甲基的含量越低,游离甲醛含量降低; 树脂产品的粘度低,聚合度也低,羟甲基的含量偏高,粘接性能下降,同时游离甲醛含量上升,而适量苯酚的添加可改善树脂结构,是一种优化树脂的途径。当增大摩尔配比到F:U=1.4:1时,尿素含量下降,游离甲醛含量上升。因此,摩尔配比的选择在很大程度上影响脲醛树脂的性能。     

不同Li/Nb摩尔比In∶Fe∶LiNbO_3晶体的生长及其光学性能

在Li NbO3(LN)中掺摩尔分数为1%的In和掺质量分数为0.03%的Fe,用提拉法技术生长具有不同n(Li)/n(Nb)[n(Li)/n(Nb)=0.94,1.05,1.20,1.38]的In∶Fe∶LN晶体。测试不同n(Li)/n(Nb)的In∶Fe∶LN晶体的吸收光谱、抗光致散射能力和指数增益系数,并计算晶体的有效载流子浓度。结果表明晶体样品随着n(Li)/n(Nb)增加,吸收光谱的吸收边发生紫移,抗光致散射能力增加,指数增益系数和有效载流子浓度增大。采用n(Li)/n(Nb)=1.38的In∶Fe∶LN晶体作记录介质,n(Li)/n(Nb)=1.05的In∶Fe∶LN晶体作位相共轭镜进行全息关联存储实验。实验表明存储系统具有实时处理,成像质量好,信噪比高和能反复使用等优点。     

Ammonia synthesis: The bellwether reaction in heterogeneous catalysis

This is a personal account of the Havreholm Conference with a choice of topics dealing with catalytic ammonia synthesis. Among the general concepts that were retained are: the rate determining step with rates of adsorption and desorption of nitrogen; the direct activated dissociative adsorption of N₂; the surface crystalline anisotropy of iron; the role of promoters in industrial iron based catalysts; and the atomic structure of the metallic surface on the industrial multiply promoted catalyst. Finally, a new isotope jump technique to measure an upper limit to the real turnover frequency is discussed.     

Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotubes

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been gaining increasing interest as an economical and versatile processing technique for the production of novel coatings or films of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on conductive substrates. The purpose of the paper is to present an up-to-date comprehensive overview of current research progress in the field of EPD of CNTs. The paper specifically reviews the preparation and characterisation of stable CNT suspensions, and the mechanism of the EPD process; it includes discussion of pure CNT coatings and CNT/nanoparticle composite films. A complete discussion of the EPD parameters is presented, including electrode materials, deposition time, electrode separation, deposition voltage and resultant electric field. The paper highlights potential applications of the resulting CNT and CNT/composite structures, in areas such as field emission devices, fuel cells, and supercapacitors.