实现自动计算汉字对应声母的方法

提出了自动计算汉字对应声母编码的概念,分析了基于汉字ASCII码和汉字字符编码国标GB2312-80规则的具体实现思路及算法,并介绍了实现该算法的主要程序段。     

基于最大熵模型的中文姓名识别

最大熵模型可以对非常广泛的自然语言现象建立概率模型，该文提出了一种使用统计模型的中文姓名识别方法，采用最大熵原则建立统计模型，并运用该模型计算姓名概率。系统采用真实语料进行开放测试的结果表明，在保证一定准确率的情况下，系统召回率可达90%以上。     

中文语义角色标注的特征工程

基于统计机器学习的语义角色标注在自然语言处理领域越来越受到重视,丰富多样的特征直接决定语义角色标注系统的性能。本文针对中文的特点,在英文语义角色标注特征的基础上,提出了一些更有效的新特征和组合特征: 例如,句法成分后一个词、谓语动词和短语类型的组合、谓语动词类别信息和路径的组合等,并在Chinese Proposition Bank(CPB)语料数据上,使用最大熵分类器进行了实验,系统F-Score由89.76%增加到91.31%。结果表明,这些新特征和组合特征显著提高了系统的性能。因此,目前进行语义角色标注应集中精力寻找丰富有效的特征。     

基于知网的中文问题自动分类

问答系统应能用准确、简洁的答案回答用户用自然语言提出的问题。问题分类是问答系统所要处理的第一步,分类结果的正确率直接影响后续工作的进行。本文提出了一种使用知网作为语义资源选取分类特征,并使用最大熵模型进行分类的新方法。该方法以问题的疑问词、句法结构、疑问意向词、疑问意向词在知网中的首义原作为分类特征。实验结果表明,在知网中选取的首义原能很好的表达问题焦点词的语义信息,可作为问题分类的一个主要特征。该方法能显著地提高问题分类的精度,大类和小类的分类精度分别达到了92.18%和83.86%。     

古籍自动校勘的研究和实现

古籍自动校勘是指利用计算机自动发现并标记出古籍不同版本之间的文字差异,并提供各种校勘辅助工具帮助专家勘误。本文讨论了古籍自动校勘的意义,接着详细阐述了古籍自动校勘系统的总体设计及其实现,包括选题和资料收集、自动校勘的对象和方法,最深入讨论了古代官名表、人名表、地名表等自动校勘辅助工具的建设问题。最后,设计了实验检查校勘系统的效果。实验结果表明,本系统的召回率和精确率分别达到了92.3%、95.2%。     

汉语普通话语音合成语料库TH-CoSS的建设和分析

本文介绍了汉语语音合成语料库TH-CoSS的建设和分析。本语料库包括男女声朗读语句约2万个。语料库分为四个部分: TTS系统建库用语句、TTS系统测试用语句、特殊语调语句和特殊音节组。语料设计考虑了语料的平衡和音段、韵律信息的丰富。语料库中除了文本、语音数据外,还带有音段切分标志,标注文件采用XML格式。为了方便语音分析与开发,特研制了标注软件。本文还给出了语境特征对语音韵律影响的分析结果。     

中文网络聊天语言的奇异性与动态性研究

随着互联网走入社会生活,网络聊天逐渐成为一种新的沟通渠道,网络聊天语言便应运而生。这类语言的日益丰富,给语言信息处理带来了新的挑战。研究发现,困难主要来自网络聊天语言的奇异性和动态性。本文借助真实网络聊天语言文本,对网络聊天语言的奇异性和动态性进行详细分析和归纳,并设计了面向解决奇异性和动态性问题的网络聊天语言文本识别与转换方法。我们先以网络聊天语言语料库为基础建立网络聊天语言模型和语言转换模型,通过信源–信道模型实现网络聊天语言向标准语言的转换。但该方法过于依赖网络聊天语言语料库,虽然能较好解决奇异性问题,但不能处理动态性问题。因此,我们进而以标准汉语语料库为基础建立文字语音映射模型,对信源–信道模型进行改进,最终有效解决了网络聊天语言的动态性问题。     

Stage of change in self-management of chronic diseases: Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (C-URICA) Scale.

Objective: The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) Scale has been widely used to assess the readiness to change with regard to various health-related behaviors. The present study aimed to develop a Chinese version of the URICA (C-URICA) for measuring the readiness to change of Chinese participants with chronic diseases. Participants: A group of participants (N=101; 87 women and 14 men) in a chronic disease self-management program were asked to complete the C-URICA. Method: The C-URICA was conducted at the baseline, middle, and end of the 6-week program. Changes in self-management behaviors were also measured. Results: Factor analyses revealed a moderate item-to-subscale fit, indicating that structural validity was retained. Item analyses suggested a moderate item quality. The C-URICA subscales can differentially and effectively predict participants' gains in self-management behaviors at the completion of the intervention program. Conclusion: The C-URICA is suitable for use among Chinese patients with chronic diseases. Further studies should explore the generalizability of the results to different diagnostic groups and subgroups among Chinese populations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于arm7的嵌入式系统的PS/2键盘接口设计与应用

分析当前PS/2键盘应用背景和优越性,在PS/2标准键盘协议的基础上,应用当前热门嵌入式实验开发平台,设计PS/2键盘具体的硬件电路和驱动软件,研究键盘中汉字输入法实现过程及其扩充方法,总结PS/2键盘及汉字输入法到具体项目应用的工程经验,最后提出键盘的应用和改进.     

European American and Chinese parents' responses to children's success and failure: Implications for children's responses.

The authors examined cultural differences in parents' responses to their children's performance. In Study 1 (N = 421), Chinese 5th graders reported that their parents de-emphasized their academic success and emphasized their academic failure, whereas their American counterparts reported that their parents did the opposite. This partially accounted for Chinese (vs. American) children responding less positively to success and more negatively to failure. In Study 2 (N = 128), Chinese and American mothers' responses to their 4th and 5th graders' performance were observed in the laboratory. The cultural differences in children's reports of parents' responses documented in Study 1 were replicated; mothers' responses were also associated with children's subsequent performance. In addition, Chinese mothers were more involved than were American mothers, but their affect was similar. Taken together, the results suggest that parents' responses to children's performance may be a channel for cultural transmission and perpetuation of responses to performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)