“Whole Chinese angelica” microemulsion: its preparation and in vivo and in vitro evaluations

Context: The difference between the chemical polarities of the two categories of active chemical constituents in Chinese angelica volatile oil (CAVO) and Chinese angelica water extract (CAWE) greatly limit the development and clinical application of Chinese angelica preparation.

Object: The aim of this study is to design and prepare a “whole Chinese angelica” microemulsion (WCAM) that contains both CAVO and CAWE and at the same time to evaluate it in vivo and in vitro.

Materials and methods: CAVO and CAWE extracted from Chinese angelica were used as the oil and aqueous phases, respectively, to prepare the WCAM; its physicochemical property was observed, and its drug potency and oral bioavailability were evaluated.

Results: The formula of the WCAM was optimized as Tween-80:ethanol:CAVO:CAWE?=?3:3:1:40. The droplet size of the WCAM was 72.64?nm and the WCAM was proved to be physicochemically stable when it was kept at 0?°C, 4?°C, 25?°C and 40?°C for 3 months. The WCAM could markedly prolong blood clotting time, decrease whole blood viscosity and whole blood reduced viscosity at different shear rates, and improve hemorheological parameters. The results of the pharmacokinetic evaluation show that the AUC_0–7 of the WCAM was 4510.66 and was about 4.41-fold compared to that of danggui concentrated pills (an existing Chinese angelica pharmaceutical preparation).

Conclusion: It can be concluded, that the WCAM is a promising Chinese angelica preparation that has great prospects in the treatment of dysmenorrhea and irregular menstruation.     

探析汉译英中声音表真和文字特征的不可译性

可译性与不可译性问题是翻译界一个古老的论题,是人们探索翻译问题中两个矛盾统一体。随着社会的发展,文化交流的频繁和译者的努力,不可译性会不断地转换成可译性。而语言和文化的异质是产生不可译主要原因。本文主要从一些例证探析了汉译英中存在的声音表真和文字特征不可译性,并在理论上区分了绝对不可译性与相对不可译性,提出了不可译性最终被翻译出来表现出来的理论依据。     

The frequency-predictability interaction in reading: It depends where you're coming from.

A word's frequency of occurrence and its predictability from a prior context are key factors determining how long the eyes remain on that word in normal reading. Past reaction-time and eye movement research can be distinguished by whether these variables, when combined, produce interactive or additive results, respectively. Our study addressed possible methodological limitations of prior experiments. Initial results showed additive effects of frequency and predictability. However, we additionally examined launch site (the distance from the pretarget fixation to the target) to index the extent of parafoveal target processing. Analyses revealed both additive and interactive effects on target fixations, with the nature of the interaction depending on the quality of the parafoveal preview. Target landing position and pretarget fixation time were also considered. Results were interpreted in terms of models of language processing and eye movement control. Our findings with respect to parafoveal preview and fixation time constraints aim to help parameterize eye movement behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Simultaneous determination of acetoin and tetramethylpyrazine in traditional vinegars by HPLC method

A rapid and selective HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of acetoin (ACT) and tetramethylpyrazine (TMP). The chromatography was performed on a Zorbax SB-C18 column at 45 °C, with an aqueous mobile phase (1% acetic acid and 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in water, pH 2.5)–(methanol) (45:55, v/v). The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min and UV detection wavelength was 297 nm. This method permits the simultaneous determination of ACT and TMP in fermentative foods with detection limits of 5.625 and 0.033 μg/mL, respectively. The recovery was 96.03% for ACT and 92.06% for TMP. Correlation coefficients were greater than 0.9999 for the two compounds. The linearity ranges for ACT and TMP were in the range of 0.02–20 mg/L and 0.12–80 μg/mL, respectively. The proposed method could be used for routine quality control of foods, beverages, natural products, or pharmaceuticals. Current data suggest that the content of TMP in vinegars is positively correlated with that of ACT.     

Listening Problems ChineseE Students Face and SuffestionsS for Solving ThemM

ＬｉｓｔｅｎｉｎｇＰｒｏｂｌｅｍｓＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＥＳｔｕｄｅｎｔｓＦａｃｅａｎｄＳｕｆｆｅｓｔｉｏｎｓＳｆｏｒＳｏｌｖｉｎｇＴｈｅｍＭＺｈａｎｇＴｉｎｐｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＦｏｒｅｉｇｎＬａｎｇｕａｇｅｓ，ＫｕｎｍｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ...     

白酒三大酯蒸馏特性的研究

本文从物质结构特点出发，结合理论分析与实验测定研究了固态法白酒蒸馏时三大酯的运动规律。结果表明：三种酯在蒸馏时的机理是不同的；乙酸乙酯主要聚于酒头，己酸乙酯也是酒头含量较高，乳酸乙酯在蒸馏时随着馏分的增加呈明显的上升趋势，可以采用去酒尾的方法降低酒中乳酸乙酯含量。     

低配置微机试题库系统软件设计初探

从目前流行的DOS和中文DOS操作系统入手,围绕试题库系统软件必须解决试题图形和试题复杂表达式这两个问题,提出了开发试题库系统软件的方法以及应注意的事项。     

长光汉字智能输入系统的设计

本系统将智能引入了汉字编码输入技术,具有易学快速的特点。本文首先介绍了系统特点和总体设计指导思想,接着介绍了编码设计及重码字机内智能处理的一种技术——双向自动选择技术,最后介绍双通道输入方式设计。     

Research and Practice of Nondictionary Chinese Segmentation

ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｎｄＰｒａｃｔｉｃｅｏｆＮｏｎｄｉｃｔｉｏｎａｒｙＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＳｅｇｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎＷＡＮＧＫａｉｚｈｕ；ＬＩＪｕｎｊｉｅ；ＷＵＹａｎ王开铸，李俊杰，吴岩（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＥｎｇｉｎｅ...     

印刷体汉字识别特征选择方法的研究

考虑到微型计算机内存空间有限而汉字个数较多的特点,本文提出了一个适合于微型计算机处理的汉字特征选择的可分性准则函数.使用此方法进行汉字特征选择能保证不同汉字的分类特征距离较大并且同一汉字聚类性较好,使得汉字特征选取十分合理.