熔体测温技术

本文主要是从接触式测温技术与非接触式测温技术这两个方面介绍了国内外铜熔体测温技术的现状与发展趋势,指出解决接触式测温技术的关键是优良的套管材料。     

Distributing and revoking access authorizations on abstract objecs: A capability approch

In this paper a capability addressing environment is presented, based on the concept of extended capability. First of all it is shown that such an environment is well suited for implementing objects of abstract type. Then the problem of distributing and revoking access authorizations on abstract objects is considered and an efficient solution is presented. The revocation mechanism results in being selective, transitive and deferred.     

Incremental back-up procedures

Back-up and archival storage is safer and quicker if knowledge of the absent files is retained and exploited. The method has been applied to the reconciliation of two active discs, as well as the security back-up of and retrieval of files from a single disc.     

Methodology for security analysis of data-processing systems

Use of the logic programming language PROLOG assists in tracking functional relationships through complex networks to ensure that all products receive a security classification consistent with the operative security model. The language also permits computing work factors for data products. In some cases, these work factors may modify the levels of protection required.     

信息安全——机密性、完整性和可用性

本文讨论利用非对称密码或对称密码进行用户和主机初始鉴别。并阐述了以保密变换和报文鉴别为目的的密码密钥交换;以及检验用户/主机存在和确保信息完整性的连续鉴别;最后是其在各种通信模式,包括双方(一对一)、广播(一对多)和会议(多对多)等中的实现。     

合成芥子酸硫酯衍生物的辐射防护机理研究

为了寻找更有效的辐射损伤防护药,改变已知辐射防护剂芥子碱结构,经3,4,5—三甲氧基苯丙烯酸酰氯和二乙胺基代乙硫醇在碱催化下缩合,新合成了辐射防护药芥子酸硫酯衍生物:3.4,5—三甲氧基苯丙烯酸二乙胺基代乙硫醇酯盐酸盐。用ESR波谱研究表明:其保护机理是电子从靶分子脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷酸(dTMP)及脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)向硫酯保护剂的长程转移。三甲氧基代苯丙烯酸硫醇酯是“潜在硫醇”类新型辐射防护剂,区别于文献熟知的硫代磺酸盐,硫代磷酸酯及硫代乙酸等其他代谢中能释放自由巯基的衍生物,预计芥子酸硫酯类衍生物有较小的毒性,对辐射损伤有防治功能;经小鼠整体抗辐射初步试验:~(60)Coγ射线7.5Gy辐照,用1.5mg/鼠照前预防及照后立即治疗后,预防组及治疗组动物30天中存活率分别比对照组动物提高20％和40％。芥子酸硫酯衍生物不仅对辐射损伤有防护效果,而且还具有增强机体辐射损伤的修复功能。由此推断:芥子酸硫酯类防护药不仅具有抗氧化剂和自由基清除的能力而那样起保护作用,还能通过电子转移保护DNA靶分子并能增强机体的修复能力;本文还报导了新防护药硫酯的质谱、红外及核磁共振光谱。     

实际应用推动辐射防护体系的不断完善

本文在简要回顾国际放射防护委员会（ＩＣＲＰ）历史的基础上，首先指出在伴随着核辐射和核能的应用不断发展的同时，由ＩＣＲＰ基本建议书推荐的辐射防护体系也在实际应用中不断完善和改进。接着简要介绍了目前倍受关心的两个实际问题及其有关初步建议。文中再次强调了ＩＣＲＰ的几个重要基本观点，以及与此相悖的“打擦边球”和“零危险”两种偏面看法。最后指出，我们应该在借鉴国际经验的同时，认真总结自己的经验，为全世界共同的辐射防护事业作出我们应有的贡献。     

秦山核电厂综合联锁试验

本文简述了秦山核电厂反应堆、汽轮机和发电机的保护以及相互之间的联锁关系,并介绍了本综合联锁试验的条件、内容、方法和结果。试验结果表明,秦山核电厂的联锁符合设计要求。     

The public cryptography study group

The Public Cryptography Study Group was created by the American Council on Education in the spring of 1980 to examine concerns expressed by the Director of NSA caused by the rapid growth of interest in cryptology as a means for the protection of data files. Written by a participant in the study, this paper discusses many of the issues that came before the committee, including the danger to security systems produced by inadvertent or malicious disclosure of weak points in the system which would render it ineffective. It concludes by summarizing the recommendations in the final report of the PCSG, and describes the implementation of the voluntary review procedure recently announced by the Director of NSA. The procedures are designed to decrease the danger to public, private and governmental national security, without impeding the growth of nongovernmental research.