毛细管气相色谱/质谱法定性巴岩油的化学成份

本文采用毛细管色谱/质谱法分析了巴岩油的化学成份,共定性出五十九种组份,并对所得结果进行了讨论。     

新疆准噶尔铁线莲不同部位总黄酮提取工艺的研究

采用分光光度法,以芦丁为标准样品测定新疆准噶尔铁线莲不同部位中的总黄酮的含量,采用正交试验设计对其不同部位中总黄酮提取工艺进行最佳筛选,四种因素对不同部位总黄酮含量测定均有影响,分别得到的最佳提取工艺条件为:茎:乙醇浓度50%,温度50℃,浸提时间3h,料液比1:50,吸光度0.270;叶:乙醇浓度60%,温度70℃,浸提时间3h,料液比1:30,吸光度0.562。花:乙醇浓度50%,温度60℃,时间2h,料液比1:50,吸光度0.480;果实:乙醇浓度60%,温度70℃,浸提时间3h,料液比1:40,吸光度0.365。     

涂膜与冷激处理对柚类保鲜效果的研究

膜包装后常温(15～25℃)贮存,观察其保鲜效果;结果表明：经涂膜本文以琯溪蜜柚作为试材,通过魔芋液膜对蜜柚进行涂膜处理,并辅以冷激处理,PE薄与冷激处理的蜜柚其枯水率(10％左右)大大低于未经涂膜与冷激处理的对照组,且营养素的损耗明显降低。预计对蜜柚贮藏5个月,其枯水程度低,有效得防止蜜柚在贮藏中的枯水现象,延长了贮藏期。     

Juice of New citrus hybrids (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.×C. sinensis L. Osbeck) as a source of natural antioxidants

Fruit juices of pigmented and non-pigmented new citrus hybrids obtained by crossing clementine cv. Oroval with different cultivars of blood oranges were analysed to determine parameters related to fruit quality (total soluble solids titratable acidity, pH), and the content of ascorbic acid, total phenolics, flavanones, anthocyanins and phenolic acids. Antioxidant properties were evaluated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and inhibition of induced linoleic acid peroxidation (InLAP) assays. The results of this study show that some hybrids with high antioxidant activity owing to considerable polyphenol content may be considered rich sources of phytochemicals. The OTA 9 hybrid was shown to be richest in polyphenols, suggesting that consumption of OTA 9 fruit or juice could be useful in health promotion and a disease-preventing diet. Moreover, the juice of this hybrid could be used as raw material to produce antioxidant ingredients for dietary, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic purposes.     

野木瓜中多糖提取工艺研究

对野木瓜多糖的提取工艺进行研究,对料液比、温度、时间分别进行了单因素试验和L9(33)正交试验,并对提取过程中影响提取率的因素进行了统计分析。结果显示最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶35、温度90℃、时间2h,并用苯酚-硫酸法测定最佳提取工艺时多糖提取率达到12.612%。     

混合发酵法生产脐橙皮膳食纤维的研究

以绿色木霉和米根霉为发酵菌种,制备脐橙皮膳食纤维,以膳食纤维得率为参考指标,通过单因素及正交试验以优化最佳制备条件,结果表明:最佳制备条件为接种比例(绿色木霉∶米根霉)3∶2;发酵温度25℃;发酵pH值为6.5;发酵时间为3d.此时,所得的发酵产物中,SDF、IDF以及TDF得率分别为32.93％、49.87％、82.80％,持水力和溶胀性分别为6.12 g/g、15.29 mL/g.     

野木瓜多糖中糖醛酸含量测定

采用硫酸-咔唑比色法对野木瓜多糖中的糖醛酸含量进行测定,在波长523nm处测定吸光度,实验表明标准半乳糖醛酸浓度在1.67～16.67μg/mL之间呈良好的线性关系,该法简便易行,准确性高,重现性好。探讨了测定过程的影响因素,并通过此法测得野木瓜多糖中糖醛酸平均含量为25.24%。     

Antioxidant potentials of buntan pumelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) and its ethanolic and acetified fermentation products

The antioxidant potentials of buntan pumelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) and its fermented products were determined. The essential oil from peel had higher total phenolic (214 mM) and flavonoid (134 mg QE/g of dried material) contents than those of different solvent extracts from fruit pulp. In addition, DPPH free radical-scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power values determined for the essential oil were 26.1 ± 1.2% and 2.3 ± 0.3 mM, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of various fruit pulp extracts. The ethanol-fermented products of pumelo juice had higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than those of fresh juice. For maintenance of the substantial antioxidant properties of pumelo products, ethanol-fermented juice rather than fresh or acetate-fermented juice is recommended. Through correlation analysis, the phenolic compounds in the fermented pumelo products were found to be the major contributors to the free radical-scavenging activity and ferric-reducing power.     

五味子总木脂素的提取纯化

目的提取纯化五味子总木脂素。方法以五味子总木脂素含量为指标,用正交试验筛选五味子的最佳提取工艺,并初步探讨总木脂素的纯化方法。结果五味子总木脂素的最佳提取工艺为：4倍量的75%乙醇回流提取1次,提取时间为2 h;提取物用乙酸乙酯提取。结论总木脂素纯度可提高约10倍。