数字档案云平台的构建与研究

近年来,云计算已成为计算机网络发展的新趋势。为进一步提高和完善数字化档案的利用率及其管理机制,在现有数字档案馆的发展基础上,借鉴国内外云计算与数字档案馆建设的相关成果,将云计算引入到数字档案馆的建设。基于“档案云”的思想,重新设计数字档案馆的应用服务架构,构建以云计算为基础的数字档案云平台,实现档案的统一管理及档案资源的共享,并以按需计费的方式提供相应的档案著录、查询、鉴定等云应用服务。     

高职院校数字化校园建设的研究与思考

进入“十二五”,高职院校普遍完成了院校组建的初期建设,开始进入内涵建设的阶段。文章从高职院校进行数字化校园建设的目标和意义展开,探讨数字化校园作为高职院校内涵建设的重要组成部分,对提升高职院校的教学、科研和管理水平以及建设现代化的高等职业教育有着极其重要的作用;并对面向高等职业教育、以服务院校实际业务为目的高职院校数字化校园建设进行研究与思考。     

Ensemble data assimilation in the presence of cloud

In numerical weather prediction (NWP) data assimilation (DA) methods are used to combine available observations with numerical model estimates. This is done by minimising measures of error on both observations and model estimates with more weight given to data that can be more trusted. For any DA method an estimate of the initial forecast error covariance matrix is required. For convective scale data assimilation, however, the properties of the error covariances are not well understood.An effective way to investigate covariance properties in the presence of convection is to use an ensemble-based method for which an estimate of the error covariance is readily available at each time step. In this work, we investigate the performance of the ensemble square root filter (EnSRF) in the presence of cloud growth applied to an idealised 1D convective column model of the atmosphere. We show that the EnSRF performs well in capturing cloud growth, but the ensemble does not cope well with discontinuities introduced into the system by parameterised rain. The state estimates lose accuracy, and more importantly the ensemble is unable to capture the spread (variance) of the estimates correctly. We also find, counter-intuitively, that by reducing the spatial frequency of observations and/or the accuracy of the observations, the ensemble is able to capture the states and their variability successfully across all regimes.     

The effects of scheduling, workload type and consolidation scenarios on virtual machine performance and their prediction through optimized artificial neural networks

The aim of this paper is to study and predict the effect of a number of critical parameters on the performance of virtual machines (VMs). These parameters include allocation percentages, real-time scheduling decisions and co-placement of VMs when these are deployed concurrently on the same physical node, as dictated by the server consolidation trend and the recent advances in the Cloud computing systems. Different combinations of VM workload types are investigated in relation to the aforementioned factors in order to find the optimal allocation strategies. What is more, different levels of memory sharing are applied, based on the coupling of VMs to cores on a multi-core architecture. For all the aforementioned cases, the effect on the score of specific benchmarks running inside the VMs is measured. Finally, a black box method based on genetically optimized artificial neural networks is inserted in order to investigate the degradation prediction ability a priori of the execution and is compared to the linear regression method.     

Cybercrime: Understanding and addressing the concerns of stakeholders

Cybercrime and cybercriminal activities continue to impact communities as the steady growth of electronic information systems enables more online business. The collective views of sixty-six computer users and organizations, that have an exposure to cybercrime, were analyzed using concept analysis and mapping techniques in order to identify the major issues and areas of concern, and provide useful advice. The findings of the study show that a range of computing stakeholders have genuine concerns about the frequency of information security breaches and malware incursions (including the emergence of dangerous security and detection avoiding malware), the need for e-security awareness and education, the roles played by law and law enforcement, and the installation of current security software and systems. While not necessarily criminal in nature, some stakeholders also expressed deep concerns over the use of computers for cyberbullying, particularly where younger and school aged users are involved. The government’s future directions and recommendations for the technical and administrative management of cybercriminal activity were generally observed to be consistent with stakeholder concerns, with some users also taking practical steps to reduce cybercrime risks.     

Probabilistic Marching Cubes

In this paper we revisit the computation and visualization of equivalents to isocontours in uncertain scalar fields. We model uncertainty by discrete random fields and, in contrast to previous methods, also take arbitrary spatial correlations into account. Starting with joint distributions of the random variables associated to the sample locations, we compute level crossing probabilities for cells of the sample grid. This corresponds to computing the probabilities that the well‐known symmetry‐reduced marching cubes cases occur in random field realizations. For Gaussian random fields, only marginal density functions that correspond to the vertices of the considered cell need to be integrated. We compute the integrals for each cell in the sample grid using a Monte Carlo method. The probabilistic ansatz does not suffer from degenerate cases that usually require case distinctions and solutions of ill‐conditioned problems. Applications in 2D and 3D, both to synthetic and real data from ensemble simulations in climate research, illustrate the influence of spatial correlations on the spatial distribution of uncertain isocontours.     

Cloud computing — The business perspective

The evolution of cloud computing over the past few years is potentially one of the major advances in the history of computing. However, if cloud computing is to achieve its potential, there needs to be a clear understanding of the various issues involved, both from the perspectives of the providers and the consumers of the technology. While a lot of research is currently taking place in the technology itself, there is an equally urgent need for understanding the business-related issues surrounding cloud computing. In this article, we identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for the cloud computing industry. We then identify the various issues that will affect the different stakeholders of cloud computing. We also issue a set of recommendations for the practitioners who will provide and manage this technology. For IS researchers, we outline the different areas of research that need attention so that we are in a position to advice the industry in the years to come. Finally, we outline some of the key issues facing governmental agencies who, due to the unique nature of the technology, will have to become intimately involved in the regulation of cloud computing.     

Topology‐based Visualization of Transformation Pathways in Complex Chemical Systems

Studying transformation in a chemical system by considering its energy as a function of coordinates of the system's components provides insight and changes our understanding of this process. Currently, a lack of effective visualization techniques for high‐dimensional energy functions limits chemists to plot energy with respect to one or two coordinates at a time. In some complex systems, developing a comprehensive understanding requires new visualization techniques that show relationships between all coordinates at the same time. We propose a new visualization technique that combines concepts from topological analysis, multi‐dimensional scaling, and graph layout to enable the analysis of energy functions for a wide range of molecular structures. We demonstrate our technique by studying the energy function of a dimer of formic and acetic acids and a LTA zeolite structure, in which we consider diffusion of methane.     

一维云模型系统的逼近性研究

针对云模型的基本原理,提出了一类云模型系统的设计方法,并利用Stone-Weierstrass定理对在3σ 正态分布随机数条件下的云模型系统任意逼近紧集上的任意连续实函数进行了证明, 是对云模型应用于逼近任意连续非线性函数理论的创新,也是今后云模型系统用于系统辨识和控制的理论依据.     

QoS约束的云经济资源管理模型研究

提供用户满意的、具有QoS约束的云计算应用是云计算面临的一大难题。提出了以商品市场为原型的云计算经济资源管理模型,其通过云用户与供应商的SLA协商,实现应用服务层QoS到资源设备层QoS的映射,最后利用效用函数的管理策略实现资源的优化调度。