Phosphorus seed coating increases phosphorus uptake,early growth and yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) grown on an acid sandy soil in Niger,West Africa

In pot and field experiments conducted in 1990 and 1991 on an acid sandy, phosphorus (P) deficient soil in Niger, West Africa, the effect of seed coating on seedling emergence, early growth and grain yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) was studied. Seeds of pearl millet were coated with different rates (0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 5.0; 10.0 mg P seed^–1) and types of P fertilizers (single superphosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; monocalcium phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium triphosphate). Seedling emergence was generally reduced at coating rates higher than 0.5 mg P seed^–1 and prevented with single superphosphate and sodium triphosphate at rates higher than 5 mg P seed^–1. No correlation was found between the pH and osmomolity of the coatings and final emergence of millet seedlings. The most favourable effect on plant growth and P content was achieved with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (AHP) as seed coating. This was attributed to the enhancement effect of ammonium on P uptake. Compared to the untreated control dry matter production at 20 days after planting (DAP) was increased by 280%, P content per plant by 330%, total biomass at maturity by 30% and grain yield by 45%. Although seed coating with AHP may be harmful to seedlings emergence, it represents a suitable method to enhance early growth and increase yield of pearl millet.     

甲基葡萄糖甙（MeG）水溶液工艺改进试验

介绍了用５次以上的母液生产ＭｅＧ水溶液工艺的改进试验。     

熔块釉中三氧化二硼的测定

用NaOH熔融样品，向标准溶液中加入同样量的KOH基体，建立工作曲线，试样酸化后，直接用ICP－AES法测定。     

应用免疫斑点法检测不同工艺灭活的乙肝血源疫苗中的前S_1和S_2蛋白

作者应用前 S_1、前 S_2和 HBsAg/a 单克隆抗体,用免疫斑点法(Immuno-spot)检测同一批的乙肝表面抗原分别经加热灭活和三步化学灭活后的前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白保留情况,比较了两种工艺对前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白的影响。结果表明;加热灭活可保留前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白,三步化学灭活使前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白丢失,从抗原组成上看,加热灭活后的抗原更接近自然抗原。首次报告了含有前 S_1蛋白的乙肝疫苗,并对前 S_1和前 S_2蛋白在乙肝血源疫苗中的可能作用进行了讨论。     

Nucleation of isolated PO4 units on CeO2 driven by high temperatures and the effect on its oxygen storage and release properties

The chemical nature of P-containing species of varying concentration present in CeO₂ after impregnation with (NH₄)₂HPO₄ and calcination at 1273 K, and their effects on the oxygen storage and release (OSR) properties of ceria are reported for the first time. The samples were characterized by different techniques and the results were compared with those recently reported on the same samples but calcined at 873 K. When P-containing ceria solids were calcined at 1273 K, CePO₄ (monazite) was the predominant P-containing species on the surface of ceria, confirming previous studies that showed that monazite exists for those samples in which the surface P loading (P atoms per nm⁻²) is larger than 5.5. For lower surface P concentrations, isolated orthophosphate units are present at the surface and within the subsurface region of the solid. Severe sintering of CeO₂ after calcination at 1273 K resulted in P concentrations >5.5 P atoms·nm⁻² in all samples. Isolated PO₄ units that could initially be present in the samples calcined at 873 K nucleated and CePO₄ was formed when samples were calcined at 1273 K. OSR properties of CeO₂ deteriorated progressively when P loading increased due to the presence of larger crystals of the very stable Ce(III) phase of CePO₄ at the surface of the P-containing ceria solids.     

On the preparation and properties of CuZSM-5 catalysts for NO decomposition

Equilibrium exchange isotherms were determined for the exchange of Cu²⁺ with NaZSM-5 at varying Cu(Ac)₂ concentrations in solutions of constant volume and zeolite weight. At low Cu²⁺ levels the solid scavenged all the copper ions. When copper could be detected in the equilibrated solutions, overexchange was observed. The extent of overexchange was higher at pH 6 than at pH 4. These results were analyzed in relation to catalytic activity.On leave from the Central Institute for Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H1525 Budapest, Hungary.     

Effect of Pt Incorporation into Ni/ZrO2–SO 4 = /Al2O3 Catalyst for n-Butane Isomerization

Three Ni/ZrO₂–SO₄⁼/Al₂O₃ catalysts with different concentrations of platinum (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 wt%) were prepare and tested for n-butane isomerization reaction at 338 K, in absence and in presence of hydrogen. The results shown that, at low temperature, platinum contributes to the olefin or butyl ion formation and the reaction follows a bimolecular pathway. However, when the reaction occurs in the presence of hydrogen, the formation of butyl ions is inhibited. The main feature of platinum addition is the stabilization of the catalytic activity, which is indicated by the slow deactivation constants compared to that of the unpromoted catalyst.     

聚己二酸1,2-环己二醇酯的合成

采用正交实验方法,分别以钛酸四丁酯和对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,合成了聚己二酸1,2 环己二醇酯,对其合成工艺条件进行了研究,得出了最佳工艺条件。并以所得聚酯合成了具有透明度高、硬度大、耐磨、玻璃化温度高等优异性能的聚氨酯材料。     

2,2′-oxo-1,1′-azobenzene: microbial transformation of rye (Secale cereale L.) allelochemical in field soils byAcinetobacter calcoaceticus: III

Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, a gram-negative bacterium isolated from field soil, was found to be responsible for the biotransformation of 2(3H)-benzoxazolinone (BOA) to 2,2-oxo-1,1-azobenzene (AZOB). Experiments were conducted to evaluate the transformation of BOA to AZOB by this microbe in sterile and nonsterile soil. Transformation studies with soils inoculated withA. calcoaceticus indicated that the production of AZOB increased linearly with the concentration of BOA in sterile soil and showed a quadratic trend in nonsterile soils. This also indicated that all soil types studied for the transformation experiments might containA. calcoaceticus capable of the conversion of benzoxazolinones.     

4-(6′甲基苯并噻唑-2′-偶氮)-3,5-二氨基吡唑与钯显色反应的研究和应用

对6种苯并噻唑偶氮吡唑化合物的分析特性进行了探讨,着重研究了4—(6′—甲基苯并噻唑-2′-偶氮)-3,5-二氨基吡唑(MBTAP)与钯离子显色反应的光度性质。在非离子表面活性剂 Brij35存在下与钯离子形成橙红色的配合物。适宜的 pH 值范围为9.0～10.5.配合物的最大吸收波长为510nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为3.01×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。钯在0～14μg/25mL,范围内服从比尔定律.显色体系可稳定11h。在柠檬酸存在下可消除 Fe~(3+)、Co~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Ni~(2+)等离子的干扰。