2D artificial life system using network-type assembly-like language: influence of change in environment with costs of instructions

To unlock the full potential of evolution in digital media, a Tierra-like system using network-type assembly-like language has been constructed. In the system, like Avida, digital creatures, self-replicating programs, live in a discrete 2D torus space and an interaction between creatures is restricted locally. Bearing a genetic network in mind, network structure is introduced. In the previous works, it is shown that the possibility that the network-type model has more potential of evolution than a linear-type model like Avida in a simple environment. In this paper, to study the potential of evolution more precisely, we model the effects of environment other than creatures. As one of the simplest models of such environment, the cost of execution, i.e. executing time, is introduced. The difficult environment to live in costs high to execute instructions, the easy environment does low. In computer experiments, we have investigated the influence of change in environment by analyzing the process of evolution and diversity of the system. Experimental results show that the network-type system keeps more stable diversity than the linear-type system does, even when the environment changes drastically. This indicates the possibility that the network-type system has more potential of evolution than the linear-type system has. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Syntheses and Structural Characterization of Triorganotin Derivatives of Bis(carboxymethyl)trithiocarbonate: X-ray Crystal Structures of 2D Network Polymers

Six triorganotin(IV) complexes of the type {(R₃Sn)₂[C₃S₃(COO)₂]}_n (R = C₆H₅ 1; n-Bu 2; PhCH₂ 4; p-F-PhCH₂ 5; o-F-PhCH₂ 6) and {(R₃Sn)₂[C₃S₃(COO)₂]}_n·[EtOH] (R = Me 3) have been synthesized by the reaction of bis(carboxymethyl)trithiocarbonate with triorganotin(IV) chloride in the presence of sodium ethoxide. All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis IR, ¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectroscopy. Except for 4–6, all complexes were also characterized by X-ray crystallography. The X-ray date revealed that complexes 1–3 show two-dimensional network polymeric structure in which the geometries of tin atoms are trigonal bipyramid with the axial positions occupied by carboxylic oxygen atoms.     

光纤光栅视觉系统

利用光学衍射原理，研制成了光纤光栅衍射屏，并与计算机神经网络相结合，开发了了一种识别立体形状的视觉系统。本文介绍了光纤光栅的设计原理及计算方法，给出了系统的总体结构及工作原理，完成了三棱 柱，三棱锥、四棱柱，四棱锥和球等立体形状学习与识别，并讨论了实验结果。     

电信网络管理的望族——TMOS

电信管理及运营支撑是爱立信公司为公用电信网提供的有关管理及运营支撑功能的综合方案，本文介绍了其中的公网管理系统和蜂窝移动网络管理系统。     

An intelligent sensor for detection of milling chatter

In this paper, a new real-time sensor system has been developed to detect chatter in milling operations. In the developed sensor system, a pattern recognition technique based on an unsupervised neural network using the adaptive resonance theory (ART) is adopted for detection of milling chatter. The features on the cutting force spectrum are fed into the sensor system to classify the milling process with or without chatter. The experimental results indicate that the proposed sensor system can accurately detect milling chatter regardless of the variation in cutting conditions.     

Aeromagnetic compensation using neural networks

Airborne magnetic surveys in geophysical exploration can be subject to interference effects from the aircraft. Principal sources are the permanent magnetism of various parts of the aircraft, induction effects created by the earth's magnetic field and eddy-current fields produced by the aircraft's manoeuvres. Neural networks can model these effects as functions of roll, pitch, heading and their time derivatives, together with vertical acceleration, charging currents to the generator, etc., without assuming an explicit physical model. Separation of interference effects from background regional and diurnal fields can also be achieved in a satisfactory way.     

网络管理体系间迁移方法的探讨

本文提出了在异质型互连网络环境下为实现统一的网络管理可能出现的管理信息共享问题。为此，作者深入探讨，分析了目前国外为实现这种管理信息共享所采用的几种迁移方法；协议迁移，接口迁移和ＭＩＢ迁移。     

Artificial intelligence and symbols

The introduction of massive parallelism and the renewed interest in neural networks gives a new need to evaluate the relationship of symbolic processing and artificial intelligence. The physical symbol hypothesis has encountered many difficulties coping with human concepts and common sense. Expert systems are showing more promise for the early stages of learning than for real expertise. There is a need to evaluate more fully the inherent limitations of symbol systems and the potential for programming compared with training. This can give more realistic goals for symbolic systems, particularly those based on logical foundations.     

Bandwidth allocation algorithms for weighted maximum rate constrained link sharing policy

This paper addresses the problem of bandwidth allocation under the weighted maximum rate constrained link sharing policy and proves a key theory in the condition of allocation termination. We propose several algorithms with various worst-case and average-case time complexities, and evaluate their computation elapse times.     

Bayesian inference in disputed authorship: A case study of cognitive errors and a new system for decision support

Bayesian inference provides a formal framework for assessing the odds of hypotheses in light of evidence. This makes Bayesian inference applicable to a wide range of diagnostic challenges in the field of chance discovery, including the problem of disputed authorship that arises in electronic commerce, counter-terrorism and other forensic applications. For example, when two documents are so similar that one is likely to be a hoax written from the other, the question is: Which document is most likely the source and which document is most likely the hoax? Here I review a Bayesian study of disputed authorship performed by a biblical scholar, and I show that the scholar makes critical errors with respect to several issues, namely: Causal Basis, Likelihood Judgment and Conditional Dependency. The scholar’s errors are important because they have a large effect on his conclusions and because similar errors often occur when people, both experts and novices, are faced with the challenges of Bayesian inference. As a practical solution, I introduce a graphical system designed to help prevent the observed errors. I discuss how this decision support system applies more generally to any problem of Bayesian inference, and how it differs from the graphical models of Bayesian Networks.