热管式预腐蚀器的设计与应用

开发设计的热管式预腐蚀器，用于替代小氮肥厂原用的普通列管式预腐蚀器。阐述了热管式预腐蚀器工艺设计计算、结构设计及工业应用效果。     

Carboxymethylchitosan + Cu mixture as an inhibitor used for mild steel in 1 M HCl

The inhibition effect of Carboxymethylchitosan (CMCT), Cu²⁺, and CMCT + Cu²⁺ mixture on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl has been investigated using gravimetric and electrochemical techniques. CMCT + Cu²⁺ mixture acts much more effectively than the inhibiting action of each additive separately. In addition, higher efficiency is achieved for the mixture of 20 mg L⁻¹ CMCT + 10⁻⁴ M Cu²⁺. The efficiency of the optimal mixture increases with the temperature in the range 298-353 K. Activation energy of corrosion reaction in the presence of the optimal mixture of the inhibitors is much lower than that exhibited in 1 M HCl solution. The inhibition mechanism proposed in this paper is based on the results of conductometric investigations.     

耐高温抗H2S/CO2缓蚀剂的合成及评价

采用天然大分子壳寡糖、缩水甘油三甲基氯化铵、苯甲醛为原料,合成了绿色壳寡糖衍生物缓蚀剂(BHC)。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对缓蚀剂BHC结构进行了表征。采用失重法、电化学法、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、接触角等对缓蚀剂BHC进行缓蚀性能评价和机理分析。得到的优化缓蚀剂BHC合成条件为m(HTCOS)∶m(苯甲醛)=1.0∶2.4,反应温度80℃,反应时间24 h。在总压为15 MPa(H2S、CO2、N2分压分别为1、5和9 MPa)条件下,缓蚀剂BHC质量浓度为100 mg/L时,P110钢片在140℃、含H2S/CO2腐蚀介质中的缓蚀率为85.62%,与市售缓蚀剂相比,BHC缓蚀率提高16.90%,可有效减缓高温高含H2S/CO2腐蚀环境下钢材的腐蚀速率。缓蚀剂BHC是一种偏阴极保护的混合型缓蚀剂,在金属表面的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,与钢表面形成稳定共价键,能很好保护钢管。     

Effects of operating potential and temperature on degradation of electrocatalyst layer for PEFCs

The objective of this research work is to clarify essential factors related to degradation of PEFC electrodes. The degradation of Pt catalysts and the carbon support after a daily start and stop (DSS) operation was evaluated separately by measuring the electrochemical active area (S_Pt) and the double layer charging current (I_DL) with cyclic voltammetry without and with CO adsorption on Pt catalyst surfaces, respectively. Corrosion of the carbon support was accelerated mainly by raising the operating potential to 0.90 V, which was observed by increase in I_DL. The high-temperature operation at 90 °C or high-potential operation at 0.90 V resulted in a dramatic decrease in S_Pt. In contrast, it was found that the apparent cell performance was not so degraded probably because the decrease in S_Pt was cancelled by an increase in the proton conductance in the swollen ionomer. The agglomeration of Pt catalyst particles and their migration in the electrolyte membrane were also analyzed by TEM observation after the DSS operations.     

解决产品精制液化气腐蚀问题的新技术

介绍了一种针对炼化企业液化气精制的固定床无碱脱硫新工艺，此项技术可以将液化气中的总硫含量降至10^-6mg／m^3以下，从而保证成品液化气腐蚀合格。工业装置经过近1年的运行，效果良好，充分说明了该技术是成熟、可靠的。     

焦油蒸馏塔的腐蚀与防腐

分析了焦油车间蒸馏塔腐蚀的情况，腐蚀的主要原因是固定铵盐、Cl^-、游离碳及过量的水分。采取了在焦油加工前加入Na2CO3溶液等多种防腐措施后，取得了良好的效果。     

Studies on corrosion resistant properties of inhibitive primed IPN coating systems in comparison with epoxy-PU systems

Though blending polymers to obtain high performance materials is an old practice, the new trend in such an approach is the emergence of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) as binders for protective coatings with improved properties. In this study, one ambient curing IPN-type polymer alloy developed out of epoxy and acrylic polyurethane systems as a high performing binder was formulated into paints and evaluated in comparison with the currently used conventional epoxy polyamide and polyurethane systems. A three-coat system consisting of a zinc phosphate primer, a micaceous iron oxide (MIO) undercoat, and a topcoat was formulated out of the IPN along with a similar system of epoxy primer, epoxy undercoat, and a PU topcoat. A two-coat system of the same primer with an IPN clear topcoat and a similar system with epoxy has also been studied. All the systems were studied under accelerated laboratory tests and field tests at a corrosive location. The results are reported and conclusions are drawn in this article. An erratum to this article can be found at     

Experimental investigation and numerical modeling of carbonation process in reinforced concrete structures: Part I: Theoretical formulation

In this work, the mathematical-numerical model of carbonation process in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, which has been developed by the authors, is applied to different cases of study to take into account the probabilistic nature of durability assessment procedure even if within the framework of a rough and ready approach. In particular, the aim of this Part I of the work is to study how the variability of the parameters defining the differential equations in the model influence the assessment of the corrosion initiation time of RC structure. Comparison with experimental results and numerical simulations are undertaken in Part II of this work.     

丁二烯装置国产离心泵机械密封的改造

针对某厂丁二烯装置使用的ZE型离心泵机械密封使用寿命短 ,机封的小弹簧及辅助密封环在选材上存在的问题 ,通过在实践中摸索与总结 ,选用合适的材料 ,对原机封的结构进行了改进     

外加电位对0cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢冲刷腐蚀行为的影响

利用专门改进的料浆罐式设备通过旋转失重和动、静态极化测试，系统研究了外加电位对０Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢在１０％Ｈ２ＳＯ４＋１５％刚玉砂（室温）介质中冲刷腐蚀行为的影响，并借助扫描电镜对冲刷腐蚀试样进行了表面形貌观察。结果表明，阴极保护能显著降低冲刷腐蚀速率，保护度可达７３．６％。施加阳极电位可出现３种效果：比自腐蚀电位稍正的Ｉ区，冲刷腐蚀速率显著提高；稳定纯化的Ⅱ区，冲刷腐蚀速率显著下降，保护度