Critical factors and paths influencing construction workers’ safety risk tolerances

While workers’ safety risk tolerances have been regarded as a main reason for their unsafe behaviors, little is known about why different people have different risk tolerances even when confronting the same situation. The aim of this research is to identify the critical factors and paths that influence workers’ safety risk tolerance and to explore how they contribute to accident causal model from a system thinking perceptive. A number of methods were carried out to analyze the data collected through interviews and questionnaire surveys. In the first and second steps of the research, factor identification, factor ranking and factor analysis were carried out, and the results show that workers’ safety risk tolerance can be influenced by four groups of factors, namely: (1) personal subjective perception; (2) work knowledge and experiences; (3) work characteristics; and (4) safety management. In the third step of the research, hypothetical influencing path model was developed and tested by using structural equation modeling (SEM). It is found that the effects of external factors (safety management and work characteristics) on risk tolerance are larger than that of internal factors (personal subjective perception and work knowledge & experiences). Specifically, safety management contributes the most to workers’ safety risk tolerance through its direct effect and indirect effect; while personal subjective perception comes the second and can act as an intermedia for work characteristics. This research provides an in-depth insight of workers’ unsafe behaviors by depicting the contributing factors as shown in the accident causal model developed in this research.     

互联网与智能化时代的产品设计思维和方法研究

目的探寻与构建互联网与智能化时代的产品设计思维与方法。方法以新设计语境条件下产品自身概念的重新定义为切入点,通过论述互联网与泛载智能时代产品开发设计所需的设计、大数据、社群、场景、四大思维及其融合关系,来探讨区别于传统语境下产品开发设计的新流程与方法。结论在产品软硬件高度融合,泛载智能成为主流的情况下,以社群构建为核心的用户全流程参与式设计,以场景思维置入的方式来评估产品的商业应用潜能,以快速测试、反馈迭代来减少试错周期与成本,逐渐成为互联网与智能化时代下新产品开发设计的核心。     

新测试方式下非计算机专业程序设计课程教学探讨

原有教学法在学生实际编程能力上机考试方面存在局限,为适应新的测试方式所带来的教学方法与教学理念的变化,本文结合本校实际,对如何激发与保持学生的学习积极性、实现抽象与模型化的跨越、培养学生的计算思维能力、合理组织实验教学进行探讨,并对实验过程进行监督与综合评价。     

“编译原理”全英文授课模式探索

计算思维和英语思维是计算机专业学生专业化和国际化应具备的必要素质,然而目前还缺乏一套切实可行、行之有效的素质教育操作办法和模式。文章从计算思维和元认知策略的理论出发,探索编译原理的全英文授课模式,提出普通高校学生在计算机专业课中开展全英文授课的教学思想和教学方法,并指出运用元知识策略提高非英文专业学生的学习兴趣,使其形成强烈的学习动机、培养学生的自主学习能力。文章还讨论了词汇策略和英语思维,例举一些实践案例,最后提出一些尚待研究的问题。     

Critical point analysis using domain lifting for fast geometry queries

In this paper, a general scheme for solving coherent geometric queries on freeform geometry is presented and demonstrated on a variety of problems common in geometric modeling. The underlying strategy of the approach is to lift the domain of the problem into a higher-dimensional space to enable analysis on the continuum of all possible configurations of the geometry. This higher-dimensional space supports analysis of changes to solution topology by solving for critical points using a B-spline-based constraint solver. The critical points are then used to guide fast, local methods to robustly update repeated queries. This approach effectively combines the speed of local updates with the robustness of global search solutions. The effectiveness of the domain lifting scheme (DLS) is demonstrated on several geometric computations, including accurately generating offset curves and finding minimum distances. Our approach requires a preprocessing step that computes the critical points, but once the topology is analyzed, an arbitrary number of geometry queries can be solved using fast local methods. Experimental results show that the approach solves for several hundred minimum distance computations between planar curves in one second and results in a hundredfold speedup for trimming self-intersections in offset curves.     

Two-step design of critical control systems using disturbance cancellation integral controllers

An efficient critical control system design is proposed in this paper. The key idea is to decompose the design problem into two simpler design steps by the technique used in the classical loop transfer recovery method (LTR). The disturbance cancellation integral controller is used as a basic controller. Since the standard loop transfer recovery method cannot be applied to the disturbance cancellation controller, the nonstandard version recently found is used for the decomposition. Exogenous inputs with constraints both on the amplitude and rate of change are considered. The majorant approach is taken to obtain the analytical sufficient matching conditions. A numerical design example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design.     

Modular analysis and modelling of risk scenarios with dependencies

The risk analysis of critical infrastructures such as the electric power supply or telecommunications is complicated by the fact that such infrastructures are mutually dependent. We propose a modular approach to the modelling and analysis of risk scenarios with dependencies. Our approach may be used to deduce the risk level of an overall system from previous risk analyses of its constituent systems. A custom made assumption-guarantee style is put forward as a means to describe risk scenarios with external dependencies. We also define a set of deduction rules facilitating various kinds of reasoning, including the analysis of mutual dependencies between risk scenarios expressed in the assumption-guarantee style.     

数字时代的新媒体艺术设计——略谈新媒体艺术设计的特点

现在,计算机已经介入或者影响到视觉艺术和应用艺术的各个领域,其影响之广,甚至使得人们产生了这样的一种印象——之前的一切其他艺术表现形式大有被归为传统形式之势。较之"传统的艺术设计",新媒体艺术设计的视觉风格、创作方式及其表现形态和涉足的领域已经发生了巨大的变化,设计活动的形态也不再囿于静态的实体性的现实设计,而趋于动态的非实体性的虚拟设计。     

道家思想影响下的高校公共艺术美学刍探

从道家思想中挖掘其美学内涵,融汇于高校校园公共艺术的营造之中,并能呈现大学校园的文化及人文内涵。道家思想影响下的高校公共艺术具有非常丰富的美学内涵,即综合蕴含了天人合一、和谐共生、以和为美等诸方面要素。     

室内艺术设计的工作思维模型

室内艺术设计现象背后的本质是设计思维,通过对人的思维模式进行梳理、归纳和总结得出:人面对单一事物时应用模仿、继承或反叛思维,面对复合事物时应用加法和减法思维这一基本思维模式。并且针对室内空间艺术的三级属性的设计实现,探索和建立了室内艺术设计一般的工作思维模型。