Spectral resource defragmentation based on PCE in flexible bandwidth optical networks

The granularity of the flexible bandwidth optical network is the spectral slots,which is much smaller than that of the wavelength switch optical network.For the dynamic clients’ connections setup and tear down processes,it will give rise to fragmentation of spectral resources.It is the decline in the probability of finding sufficient contiguous spectrum for new connections that result in the fragmentation of spectral resource.To be more specific,these spectra may be unavailable and waste.In this case,the severe waste of the spectrum will lead to low efficiency in spectral utilization and will not adapt to large capacity requirements of transmission in the future.Because path computation element(PCE) framework has the characteristics of the central disposal and deployment of the spectrum resource,we construct the spectral resource allocation scenario based on PCE framework in the flexible bandwidth optical network to use spectrum resource effectively.Based on the principle of the generation of the fragmentation,we put forward a spectrum resource defragmentation algorithm to consolidate the available spectrum for clients’ connections.The simulation results indicate that this algorithm is able to reduce fragmentation of network,improve the continuity of spectral resource,reduce the blocking rate of services in the network and improve the spectral efficiency significantly.     

WCDMA无线资源利用率分析

WCDMA网络承载语音和数据业务,通过无线资源利用率反映无线侧网络资源的有效利用情况。文中分析了与无线资源利用率相关的各种因素,提出有效提升网络无线资源利用率的手段,实现了用户感知和企业效益最大化的目标。     

Empowering irrigation: A game-theoretic approach to electricity utilization in Indian agriculture

This research uses a game-theoretic approach to analyze electric power provision for irrigation in Andhra Pradesh, based on results from interview and survey data. Farmers face a coordination problem of collectively preserving electric power quality and a linked dilemma of obtaining sufficient electric infrastructure capacity from utilities. Low equilibria prevail due to asymmetric payoffs and farmers not knowing electric network properties. The findings derived from survey data, empirical tests, and model synthesis indicate how the capacity dilemma can be overcome to enable coordinated technology adoption via farmers' and utilities’ investment into energy-efficient and economically viable technology. Coordinated demand-side measures could effectively reduce energy use and support adaptation to climate change.     

A digital-twin visualized architecture for Flexible Manufacturing System

The new generation of industrial 4.0 intelligent manufacturing system consists of Human-Cyber-Physical System (HCPS), integrating human with cyber and physical systems. In manufacturing, a digital-twin visualization architecture is to solve the human-machine interaction problem that concerns digital-twin modeling on the Cyber-Physical (C-P) side and on the Human-Cyber side. Although there are many related research and applications, there lacks attention in terms of full life cycle functional services and lightweight architecture. This paper presents a general architecture of digital-twin visualization for flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). How the digital-twin C-P modeling of multi-source heterogeneous information can be described is investigated and how the 3D visualized human-machine interaction with digital-twin scenario information is explored in the proposed architecture. Besides, the visualization method of high-value information, relating to the life cycle planning, design, debugging and service stages, is studied and discussed thoroughly. Also, a digital-twin modeling concept of "Geometric information (G)-Historical samples (H)-Object attribute (O)-Snapshot collection (S)-Topology constraint (T)" (GHOST) is proposed, and methods for developing virtual digital-twin scenes architecture are presented. Based on the proposed modeling concept of GHOST for digital-twin, prototypes have been developed for the general platform of digital-twin RESTful services and the cross-platform general visual mock-up software. Experimental results show that this method is effective in the FMS lifecycle in various aspects.     

Design of the HL-2M power supply control system

The power supply control system is one of the most important local control systems of HL-2M tokamak. The power supply system of HL-2M is composed of four flywheel generator sets with total capacity of 600 MVA, all the magnetic field coil power supplies and high voltage power supplies of auxiliary heating system. The control system of power supply should make sure the large amount of on-site equipment and facilities to operate steadily and reliably.This paper presents the architecture of HL-2M control system and four kinds of established control networks. It describes how the power supply control system is built by using the established hardware structures and software agreements. Specially, it is focused on introducing an application of real-time technology based on the reflective shared memory and the fully digital compact solution for controlling the high power converters. Otherwise, a scheme which adopts PROFINET and Sequence of Events technology to carry out the intellect interlock control system is given.     

基于重叠式联盟博弈的Femtocell干扰管理研究

给出了一种基于重叠式联盟形成博弈论的协作式算法,用于解决正交频分多址宏小区和家庭基站(Femtocell)两层网络中的资源分配和干扰管理问题。给出的算法相比于已有算法显著降低了家庭基站接入点到家庭基站用户的下行同层干扰,提高了以系统码率衡量的系统性能。     

What makes you a digital native? Is it enough to be born after 1980?

The purpose of this study is to determine levels of technological proficiency among university students to see if they should be characterized as “digital natives.” For this purpose, rather than using types and frequency of technology use to characterize a digital native, the Digital Native Assessment Scale (DNAS) developed by Teo (2013) was employed. This scale has an established reliability and validity measure. It measures several factors (e.g., grew up with technology, comfortable with multi-tasking, reliant on graphics for communication, thrive on instant gratifications and rewards, etc.) relating to accepted characteristics of a digital native. The participants in the study were 560 university students, 278 of whom were from Turkey and 282 from Kyrgyzstan. The findings indicate that these university students actively used computers and the Internet. The statistical results show that digital natives can be characterized by including their academic year (Freshman, Sophomore, etc.), national culture, and experiences with technology (computers, tablet PCs, and the Internet). The results also indicate that there are no significant differences in the participants' perceptions of themselves as digital natives due to their gender or academic disciplines.     

Probabilistic cost prediction for submarine power cable projects

It is estimated that Europe alone will need to add over 250,000 km of transmission capacity by 2050, if it is to meet renewable energy production goals while maintaining security of supply. Estimating the cost of new transmission infrastructure is difficult, but it is crucial to predict these costs as accurately as possible, given their importance to the energy transition. Transmission capacity expansion plans are often founded on optimistic projections of expansion costs. We present probabilistic predictive models of the cost of submarine power cables, which can be used by policymakers, industry, and academia to better approximate the true cost of transmission expansion plans. The models are both generalizable and well-specified for a variety of submarine applications, across a variety of regions. The best performing statistical learning model has slightly more predictive power than a simpler, linear econometric model. The specific decision context will determine whether the extra data gathering effort for the statistical learning model is worth the additional precision. A case study illustrates that incorporating the uncertainty associated with the cost prediction to calculate risk metrics - value-at-risk and conditional-value-at-risk - provides useful information to the decision-maker about cost variability and extremes.     

An effective approach for parameter determination of the digital phase-locked loop in the z-domain

In digital communication systems, typical methodologies in determining loop parameters of the digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) are based on the mapping transformation from the analog domain to the digital domain. However, such transform based algorithms are relatively complicated and not straightforward, and they also cause the problem that loop parameters are affected by the pre-detection integration time greatly. To solve these issues, an effective direct method of determining loop parameters of the second-order DPLL in the z-domain is proposed in this paper. Through ascertaining specific positions of the closed-loop system function's poles inside the right-hand side of the z-plane's unit circle, unknown parameters are calculated directly and flexibly in this method, which enables the DPLL to acquire good low-pass filtering characteristic and system stability. This novel method not only reduces the complexity of solving the parameters, but also eliminates the effect of the pre-detection integration time on loop parameters. Simulation results are provided to confirm the feasibility of the proposed method and to show that the DPLL obtained by this method achieves the similar tracking performance to the discretized PLL.