2008年消费者电子展回顾

2008年消费电子展(consumer electronics show,CES)确实集显示创新技术之大成,各种形状不同、尺寸各异标新立异的显示器件和显示技术得到了展示。这里是本文的第一部分,介绍了基于电视机和显示器应用的显示器件;在本文的第二部分,将深入探讨嵌入式触摸系统、无线化趋势以及头盔式显示器方面的内容,详情请登录www.informationdisplay.org。     

Tone Mapping Operators on Small Screen Devices: An Evaluation Study

In the last decade, an increasing number of techniques have been developed to reproduce high dynamic range imagery on traditional displays. These techniques, known as Tone Mapping Operators (TMOs), have been compared and ranked in different ways according to several image characteristics. However, none of these algorithms has been developed specifically for small screen devices (SSD). In this paper, we present an evaluation of currently used TMOs to show that SSDs with limited size, resolution and colour depth require specific research to find or create an appropriate solution. The research described in this paper is based on psychophysical experiments; using three different types of displays (CRT, LCD and SSD). The obtained results show that rankings obtained are similar for the LCD and CRT but are significantly different for the SSD. Furthermore, these rankings show additionally that some characteristics of TMOs need to be emphasized to obtain better high‐fidelity mapped images for SSDs.     

Enhanced Electro‐Optic Behavior for Shaped Polymer Cholesteric Liquid‐Crystal Flakes Made Using Soft Lithography

Polymer cholesteric liquid‐crystal (PCLC) flakes were investigated for their electro‐optical behavior under an applied alternating‐current field. Shaped flakes, fabricated using soft lithography and suspended in dielectric‐fluid‐filled cells, reoriented more uniformly than randomly shaped flakes made by fracturing of PCLC films. Extensive characterization found shaped flakes to be smooth and uniform in size, shape, and thickness. Reorientation in applied fields as low as tens of mV_rms μm^–1 was fastest for flakes with lateral aspect ratios greater than 1:1, confirming theoretical predictions based on Maxwell–Wagner polarization. Brilliant reflective colors and inherent polarization make shaped PCLC flakes of interest for particle displays.     

Augmented reality cues to assist older drivers with gap estimation for left-turns

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of augmented reality (AR) cues designed to assist middle-aged and older drivers with a range of UFOV impairments, judging when to make left-turns across oncoming traffic. Previous studies have shown that AR cues can help middle-aged and older drivers respond to potential roadside hazards by increasing hazard detection without interfering with other driving tasks. Intersections pose a critical challenge for cognitively impaired drivers, prone to misjudge time-to-contact with oncoming traffic. We investigated whether AR cues improve or interfere with hazard perception in left-turns across oncoming traffic for drivers with age-related cognitive decline. Sixty-four middle-aged and older drivers with a range of UFOV impairment judged when it would be safe to turn left across oncoming traffic approaching the driver from the opposite direction in a rural stop-sign controlled intersection scenario implemented in a static base driving simulator. Outcome measures used to evaluate the effectiveness of AR cueing included: Time-to-Contact (TTC), Gap Time Variation (GTV), Response Rate, and Gap Response Variation (GRV). All drivers estimated TTCs were shorter in cued than in uncued conditions. In addition, drivers responded more often in cued conditions than in uncued conditions and GRV decreased for all drivers in scenarios that contained AR cues. For both TTC and response rate, drivers also appeared to adjust their behavior to be consistent with the cues, especially drivers with the poorest UFOV scores (matching their behavior to be close to middle-aged drivers). Driver ratings indicated that cueing was not considered to be distracting. Further, various conditions of reliability (e.g., 15% miss rate) did not appear to affect performance or driver ratings.     

发射型显示器:五花八门

各种发射型显示器在SID2004上表现了进步和美好的前程，但也有一些不尽人意的方面。     

用于小型显示器的背光源

背光源制造商们用更高的功效、更好的均匀性和更低的成本，来响应当今小尺寸显示器OEM的要求，所有这些都需要先进的光学技术。