一种关于目标罚参数的精确罚函数法

罚函数法是一种将约束优化问题转化为无约束问题的重要方法.对于一般的约束优化问题,通过加入新参数,给出了一种改进的精确罚函数和这种罚函数的精确罚定理证明,提出了求解这种罚函数的算法.实验表明该算法是有效的.     

近地空间通信中的大气闪烁影响分析

利用单艇低仰角低空飞行试验测试数据,验证了Van de Kamp大气闪烁衰减估计模型在低仰角传输链路中的可行性和有效性,并基于该模型和低仰角低空测试数据反演得到近地空间数据估计值,对工作频率、轨道高度以及环境湿度等影响大气闪烁的因素进行计算与仿真,为低仰角近地空间远距离通信的链路预算提供了参考依据。     

智能小区控制总线测试系统的设计

为解决国内智能建筑底层控制总线的性能测量问题,设计了一种基于TMS320F2812的智能小区控制总线通讯性能测试系统.对目前智能小区控制总线的通信故障进行分析,根据分析结果提出了总线电缆的测试项目,设计出了软件工作流程.最后将该系统成功用于实验室试验,得出相应检测结果,表明该系统具有一定的实用价值.     

基于偶极横波资料的火山岩裂缝及油气识别

火山岩油气藏已成为重要的油气勘探目标和储量增长点.在火山岩的地层评价中,裂缝与油气识别一直是一个核心问题.针对地层矿物成分与岩性十分复杂、常规测井方法很难准确快速识别,应用声波能量衰减对于天然裂缝极为敏感特性,利用斯伦贝谢偶极横波资料可以计算纵、横波及斯通利波能量衰减的特性,实现对裂缝的有效识别.在岩性、物性等因素基本一致的条件下,利用纵、横波能量重叠、泊松比、波速比还可以较好地识别气层.克拉玛依火山岩地层的实际应用效果表明,偶极横波资料在火山岩地层评价中具有十分重要的作用,为火山岩地层裂缝与油气识别开辟了新的途径.     

滩地刚性植物消浪作用特性研究

滩地植物有利于保障沿海地区的水安全,量化成熟期植物消浪作用是提升生态海岸韧性的基础。本文基于一般试验规律和两种波高消减模型,分析提出了新的滩地植物消浪系数计算方法,结合波高条件可计算林带消浪后波高,相关表达式由大量试验数据进行了验证,最后对比了由本文方法与规范方法计算的林带后波高。结果表明,阻尼因数及消浪系数能直观体现植物消浪作用特性,波浪传播方向上植物面积占横截面比例是影响植物消浪机理的关键无量纲参数。植物非淹没时,本文方法得到的林带后波高与规范方法接近;植物淹没时,本文方法能更准确描述植物消浪作用。相较于规范方法,本文方法考虑了植物淹没情况,直观揭示了林带密度、宽度、高度,植物平均直径,水深等参数的影响,适用于更多工况。基于植物消浪作用的模型可快速研判相关参数变化对植物消浪效果的影响,为生态海堤滩地刚性植物规划设计及数模研究提供科学和技术支撑。     

Mangrove forests as a nature-based solution for coastal flood protection: Biophysical and ecological considerations

Nature-based coastal protection is increasingly recognised as a potentially sustainable and cost-effective solution to reduce coastal flood risk. It uses coastal ecosystems such as mangrove forests to create resilient designs for coastal flood protection. However, to use mangroves effectively as a nature-based measure for flood risk reduction, we must understand the biophysical processes that govern risk reduction capacity through mangrove ecosystem size and structure. In this perspective, we evaluate the current state of knowledge on local physical drivers and ecological processes that determine mangrove functioning as part of a nature-based flood defence. We show that the forest properties that comprise coastal flood protection are well-known, but models cannot yet pinpoint how spatial heterogeneity of the forest structure affects the capacity for wave or surge attenuation. Overall, there is relatively good understanding of the ecological processes that drive forest structure and size, but there is a lack of knowledge on how daily bed-level dynamics link to long-term biogeomorphic forest dynamics, and on the role of combined stressors influencing forest retreat. Integrating simulation models of forest structure under changing physical (e.g. due to sea-level change) and ecological drivers with hydrodynamic attenuation models will allow for better projections of long-term natural coastal protection.     

光纤通信中自相位调制与四波混频影响因素仿真

为了解决在高速率传输过程中,光纤介质的非线性效应及其在波分复用(WDM)系统中光信号造成的严重衰减问题,围绕自相位调制和四波混频两种非线性效应进行分析,采用Opti System模拟软件分析了造成SPM和FWM效应的主要变量因素.结果表明,输入功率、信道间隔以及色散是造成自相位调制和四波混频性能变化的主要原因,通过调整这些参数可以提高光纤传输性能,为进一步优化奠定了基础.     

基于压力衰减的超滤膜急性与慢性物理破损评价

为验证超滤膜物理破损压力衰减监测的有效性,对破损后膜出水水质的变化和膜内压力的衰减情况进行系统考察.借助医用探针在超滤膜上制造破损点(单个扎孔破损率A=5.46×10-6),发现随着破损率由0增加到5A,超滤膜出水的UV254和DOC仅分别增加24%和26%;出水浊度由0.100 NTU增加到0.290 NTU,但绝对值依然很低,难以反映超滤膜破损的程度.超滤膜急性物理破损时,膜内压力则呈现出急剧下降的趋势,即便破损率仅为1A时,55 k Pa的压力仅66 s就降至零点.因此,以压力衰减监测作为超滤膜物理破损的一种快速、高效、灵敏的评价方法是行之有效的.接触实验表明,粉末炭与超滤膜的短期接触(45 d)不会造成超滤膜的慢性物理破损,不会影响出水水质.     

确定非均匀土层自由场地震动二维简化模型

研究了非均匀土层自由场地震动的二维简化模型.取非均匀土层剪切模量沿深度按幂函数变化(G=G0zp,其中G0和p为常数).首先,利用弹性波动理论,得到土介质的二维波动方程;再采用分离变量法来求解该方程,根据波的衰减特性确定波沿水平方向衰减系数,得到水平分量的解析解;然后,将水平分量的解析解带入原二维波动方程组中,将原二维波动方程组转化为一维形式.再利用MATLAB计算软件计算出其数值解;最后,通过具体算例,分别对研究的二维简化模型与一维剪切梁模型进行比较.     

Finite difference method for dynamic response analysis of anchorage system简

Based on some assumptions, the dynamic analysis model of anchorage system is established. The dynamic governing equation is expressed as finite difference format and programmed by using MATLAB language. Compared with theoretical method, the finite difference method has been verified to be feasible by a case study. It is found that under seismic loading, the dynamic response of anchorage system is synchronously fluctuated with the seismic vibration. The change of displacement amplitude of material points is slight, and comparatively speaking, the displacement amplitude of the outside point is a little larger than that of the inside point, which shows amplification effect of surface. While the axial force amplitude transforms considerably from the inside to the outside. It increases first and reaches the peak value in the intersection between the anchoring section and free section, then decreases slowly in the free section. When considering damping effect of anchorage system, the finite difference method can reflect the time attenuation characteristic better, and the calculating result would be safer and more reasonable than the dynamic steady-state theoretical method. What is more, the finite difference method can be applied to the dynamic response analysis of harmonic and seismic random vibration for all kinds of anchor, and hence has a broad application prospect.