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21.
It is shown that steady-state kinetic data do not allow the discrimination between the redox and associated mechanisms of the partial oxidation reactions. A discrimination between these mechanisms was performed using transient experiments. The obtained rate expressions are in agreement with experimental kinetic data for catalytic partial oxidation of o-xylene.
An influence of the conjugate oxidation of a catalyst surface on dynamics and kinetics of the heterogeneous catalytic oxidative reactions is considered. Computing simulation of methane oxidative coupling of methane reaction at lowered temperature and elevated pressure has been performed. It showed that the reaction order with respect to oxygen exceeding unity is consistent with the chain branching mechanism of the reaction in the presence of TiSi2 and TiB2 and showed the important role of the branching chain cycles in the low-temperature OCM reaction at elevated pressure. 相似文献
22.
本文对动、静态下混凝土坍落度损失的规律进行了研究,并从流变学的角度分析了外加剂对动、静态下混凝土坍落度损失的影响坍落度损失存在差别的原因. 相似文献
23.
The paper addresses the design of two-level power system stabilizers using an optimal reduced order model whose state variables are torque angles and speeds. The reduced order model retains their physical meaning and is used to design a two-level linear feedback controller that takes into account the realities and constraints of electrical power systems. The two-level control strategy is used, and a global control signal is generated from the output variables to minimize the effect of interactions. The effectiveness of this controller is evaluated and a multimachine system is given as an example to illustrate the advantages of the proposed method. Responses of the system with a two-level scheme and an optimal reduced order scheme are included for comparative analysis. 相似文献
24.
Marcus T. Schmitz Bashir M. Al-Hashimi Petru Eles 《Design Automation for Embedded Systems》2002,6(4):401-424
In this paper, we introduce the LOPOCOS (Low Power Co-synthesis) system, a prototype CAD tool for system level co-design. LOPOCOS targets the design of energy-efficient embedded systems implemented as heterogeneous distributed architectures. In particular, it is designed to solve the specific problems involved in architectures that include dynamic voltage scalable (DVS) processors. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how LOPOCOS can support the system designer in identifying energy-efficient hardware/software implementations for the desired embedded systems. Hence, highlighting the necessary optimization steps during design space exploration for DVS enable architectures. The optimization steps carried out in LOPOCOS involve component allocation and task/communication mapping as well as scheduling and dynamic voltage scaling. LOPOCOS has the following key features, which contribute to this energy efficiency. During the voltage scaling valuable power profile information of task execution is taken into account, hence, the accuracy of the energy estimation is improved. A combined optimization for scheduling and communication mapping based on genetic algorithm, optimizes simultaneously execution order and communication mapping towards the utilization of the DVS processors and timing behaviour. Furthermore, a separation of task and communication mapping allows a more effective implementation of both task and communication mapping optimizationsteps. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of LOPOCOS. We report up to 38% higher energy reductions compared to previous co-synthesis techniques for DVS systems. The investigations include a real-life example of an optical flow detection algorithm. 相似文献
25.
《Drying Technology》2007,25(10):1621-1632
A study was performed to determine the drying characteristics and quality of barley grain dried in a laboratory scale spouted-bed dryer at 30, 35, 40, and 45°C and an inlet air velocity of 23 m/s-1, and in an IR-convection dryer under an infrared radiation intensity of 0.048, 0.061, 0.073, and 0.107 W cm-2 at an air velocity of 0.5 m/s-1. The results show that the first, relatively short, phase of a sharp decrease in the drying rate was followed by the phase of a slow decrease. The time of barley drying depended on temperature of inlet air in a spouted-bed dryer and on radiation intensities in an IR-convection dryer. Barley drying at 45°C in a spouted-bed dryer was accompanied by the lowest total energy consumption. The average specific energy consumption was lower and the average efficiency of drying was higher for drying in a spouted-bed dryer. The effective diffusivities were in the range 2.20-4.52 × 10-11 m2 s-1 and 3.04-4.79 × 10-11 m2/s-1 for barley dried in a spouted-bed and in an IR-convection dryer, respectively. There were no significant differences in kernel germination energy and capacity between the two drying methods tested. 相似文献
26.
Arjunan Arulchakkaravarthi Rakesh Kumar Parthasarathy Santhanaraghavan Sivaramakrishnan Muralithar Rengasamy Gopalakrishanan Perumalsamy Ramasamy 《Materials Research Innovations》2002,6(5-6):273-276
Organic molecular scintillating crystals are noted for their good timing and particle discrimination process. Trans-stilbene
is one such candidate noted for its good particle detection characteristics for the past five decades. Progressive strengthening
of detection characteristics of trans-stilbene has been attempted by improving crystal perfection. A series of timing resolution
studies have been carried out for the Bridgman grown trans-stilbene crystals under different experimental conditions. The
results were compared with the previously reported values. Pulse shape discrimination process has been carried out for 241Am and 252Cf sources and good discrimination has been obtained for gamma-alpha and gamma-neutron sources from the grown organic phosphor
crystal.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
27.
电转化法转化钝顶螺旋藻转化条件的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
确定了电转化法转化钝项螺旋藻S6-4的转化条件。无论受体是藻丝还是单细胞/藻丝段,钝项螺旋藻S6-4在对数生长期内,半致死电场强度无显著差别。实验表明以对数中期的螺旋藻用于转化为宜。当脉冲时间是5.0ms时,藻丝受体和单细胞/藻丝段受体的半致死电场强度分别是3.75—5.0kV/cm和3.1—4.4kV/cm,而电击缓冲液分别是1.0mmol/L HEPES(pH7.5)缓冲液和含有0.5mol/L蔗糖的1.0mmol/L HEP—ES(pH7.5)缓冲液。本文的研究结果为螺旋藻转化及外源基因表达提供了实验基础。 相似文献
28.
The precise integration and differential quadrature methods are two new unconditionally stable numerical schemes to approximate
time derivative with more than the second order accuracy. Recent studies showed that compared with the Houbolt and Newmark
methods, they produced more accurate solutions with large time step for the problems where response is primarily dominated
by low and intermediate frequency modes. This paper aims to investigate these time schemes in the context of the dual reciprocity
BEM (DRBEM) formulation of various shock-excited scalar elastic wave problems, where high modes have important affect on traction
response. The Houbolt method was widely recommended in many literatures for such DRBEM dynamic formulations. However, this
study found that the damped Newmark algorithm was the most efficient and accurate for impact traction analysis in conjunction
with the DRBEM. The precise integration and differential quadrature methods are shown inapplicable for such shock-excited
problems due to the absence of numerical damping. On the other hand, we also found that to achieve the same order of accuracy,
the differential quadrature method required much less computing effort than the precise integration method due to the use
of the Bartels–Stewart algorithm solving the resulting Lyapunov matrix analogization equation.
Received 6 November 2000 相似文献
29.
30.
二阶系统变阻尼技术研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文基于测速反馈原理,针对二阶系统提出了两种改变系统阻尼的方法。通过适当改变测速反馈系数,可使闭环系统的阻尼比按期望的规律变化(阻尼比可以为负),从而可显著地加快系统的输出响应,使系统的动态性能大为改善。文中提供了仿真算例。 相似文献