A sip of joy: Straw materials can influence emotional responses to,and sensory attributes of cold tea

While the use of reusable drinking straws has become more popular in recent years, there have been no previous studies regarding associations of drinking straw materials with perception and liking of beverages. This study was therefore aimed at determining whether and how straw materials could affect sensory perception of and evoke emotional responses to cold tea beverages. One hundred thirty-four participants (70 females and 64 males) consumed unsweetened cold black tea samples using five straws made from one of five materials: plastic, paper, copper, stainless steel, and silicone. They rated the tea samples with respect to attribute intensity and liking, overall hedonic impression, and evoked emotions. Tea samples were found to differ with straw materials in terms of flavor liking, mouthfeel liking, and sourness intensity. Interestingly, significant interactions between straw materials and gender were observed in overall hedonic impression and matching associations of straw materials with cold tea samples. Females liked cold tea samples more when consumed with copper or stainless steel straws than with paper straws, while males exhibited no differences with straw material conditions. A gender effect was also found on cold tea samples consumed with different straw materials, with females more emotionally expressive than males toward certain straw material conditions. In conclusion, this study shows variations in sensory and emotional responses to cold tea samples as a function of drinking straw materials and could help food and beverage professionals select the most appropriate straw materials for best enhancing beverage consumption experience.     

Age and gender differences in risky driving: the roles of positive affect and risk perception

A phone survey of 504 teen (age 16–20) and 409 adult (age 25–45) drivers in the US state of Alabama was conducted to examine the relationships among risk perception, positive affect and risky driving. Male drivers reported engaging in risky driving behaviors more frequently than female drivers and teen drivers reported engaging in risky driving behaviors more frequently than adult drivers. Positive affect (liking for risky driving behaviors) and perceived risk mediated the relationships of age and gender with risky driving. Affect and risk perception were independent predictors of risky driving behavior. Interactions of positive affect and perceived risk with gender and age showed that positive affect more strongly predicted risky driving for teen and male drivers than for adult and female drivers. These findings are interpreted in the context of dual process models of behavioral decision making. Future research into interventions designed to moderate the positive affect surrounding driving may have promise for reducing risky driving behavior.     

材料在宗教建筑设计中的性格表达

形式、空间、材料是我们对建筑实体进行表述时三个必不可少的关键词,材料是其中唯一自身存在的.本文从建筑材料出发,通过对三个小教堂的设计分析,探讨建筑师如何通过材料的运用更好地表达人们期许的"建筑性格".     

基于情感满足的美丽街道营造策略研究

街道是人们社会生活的重要场所, 满足人群情感需求的街道设计会对人们的 身心健康产生积极的影响。本文提出追求步 行过程中的情感满足是街道建设的发展趋 势,通过文献综述总结出人们对街道的情感 需求,并归纳了街道的客观构成要素,进而 研究这些要素与人们的情感满足之间的关 系。最后,从空间形态、街道环境和生态营 造3个方面提出满足人群情感需求的美丽街 道的营造策略。     

基于读者视角的文本情感分类

从读者的角度对文本情感进行分类.训练样本集以新闻文章作为样本实例,以文章后读者的投票信息作为样本类别标注的先验知识.针对该不完备的数据集提出了一种半监督学习的分类模型,分类方法采用朴素贝叶斯分类法和EM算法相结合.实验证明该方法不仅简单有效,而且具有较高的分类性能.     

Affect in computer-mediated and face-to-face work groups: The construction and testing of a general model

The present study examines the role of affect, or emotion, in the performance of computer-mediated and face-to-face work groups. Past research has focussed on the role of affect in either individual information processing or behavior in settings requiring interpersonal interaction. Little research has examined the role of affect in groups, especially those in a work group setting. Even less is known about the role that the communication medium plays in the expression or impact of group members' affect. To integrate these domains, a general model of affect in work group settings is proposed. Predictions are derived from the relevant affect, group interaction, and group performance literatures. In addition, predictions about the moderating role of the communication system are discussed. Results from a path analysis suggest that affect has a substantial impact intragroup on processes as well as on work group performance. In face-to-face groups, the affect experienced by group members had an impact on the group's cohesiveness, the amount members participated in the task, and the degree to which members processed information relevant to the task. These factors, in turn, had implications for the group's performance. In computer-mediated groups, affect had an effect on the group's cohesiveness and the amount of information processing, though these were unrelated to any performance measures for these groups. Similarities and differences between communication media are discussed in terms of their importance for extending our understanding about the role of affect in a group performance context.     

色彩·情感·包装

色彩是一种独特的诉诸人的心灵的情感语言 ,在商品的各要素中 ,色彩是最先进入人的视觉器官的 ,它以其注目性、象征性、情绪性对人的态度、行为发生深刻影响 ,它是企业形象视觉识别的重要组成部分 ,在现代商品销售包装中具有不可低估的作用。     

知觉 记忆 情绪与信息传达——从设计心理学角度看认知过程在商业展示设计中的应用

本文从设计心理学的角度,通过对人的心理认知过程与展示中信息传达的相似性的研究,来探索商业展示设计中合理的设计方法,模式和结构。用以引导我们的设计。     

空间塑造的“寓情于理”——千岛湖文化广场创作思路解析

该文以千岛湖文化广场创作为例,指出在建筑和城市设计中需要从时代性和地域性入手,综合考虑场所中的环境要素和人的行为需求,将空间塑造中的浪漫和诗意以符合建构逻辑的物质形式予以表达,做到寓情于理,情理交融,以期能对当前的设计实践提供一些参考经验。     

基于状态空间与概率空间映射的极大相似度匹配情感模型

机器人情感建模是研究情感机器人的热点问题。文中以情感心理学知识为基础,模拟具有不同个性的情感机器人在外界刺激作用下情感动态变化的过程,研究个性和外界刺激对情感转移过程的影响。采用基于状态空间的情感空间模型来描述机器人的情感状态,并用HMM过程来模拟情感状态的转移过程。但HMM过程只能求得当前情感状态的概率,为得到具体的情感状态,文中提出一种基于状态空间与概率空间映射的极大相似度匹配的情感转移模型。首先利用HMM过程计算出当前情感概率,然后通过极大相似度匹配来得到转移后具体的情感状态。通过调节模型参数来模拟不同个性和外界刺激,该模型能有效模拟情感状态变化过程。实验结果验证模型模拟的情感变化过程符合人类情感变化的一般规律。