高浓度臭氧冰的制备影响因素研究

臭氧冰具有保鲜、抗菌功能,并有极长的半衰期,可以保存和运输,但通常情况下制备的臭氧冰中臭氧含量较低,严重影响其应用.利用自制臭氧水发生装置低温条件下制取高浓度臭氧水,探究水温、pH、冻结温度以及制冰模具对臭氧冰中臭氧浓度的影响.结果表明:臭氧水温度为5℃、pH为3、冻结温度为-40℃、制冰模具为4×4 cm包装袋时,臭...     

Calcium sulphide formation in fluidized bed boilers

Analyses of samples of bed ash from a stationary fluidized bed boiler show the presence of calcium sulphide. In some samples, half of the total sulphur was present as sulphide. The samples containing CaS were obtained under unstaged conditions and with a high excess air ratio, 1.3 to 1.4. The samples were taken after a stop in the limestone addition, i.e. at high SO₂ emissions of about 1000 mL/m³ (ppm). No CaS was found during limestone addition when the SO₂ emission was 300–400 mL/m³. This indicates that formation of large amounts of CaS may be initiated as the SO₂ concentration exceeds some critical level.     

共涂覆法改性聚醚砜膜络合超滤除锑应用研究

针对商业聚醚砜(PES)膜表面亲水性差,在络合超滤除锑过程中膜通量损失较大的问题.采用一步共涂覆改性法,通过在PES基膜表面形成聚多巴胺和二氧化硅纳米颗粒杂化涂层,得到高亲水性表面.对改性膜进行了表征和络合超滤实验.结果表明,优化改性条件为TEOS投加量0.6 g、时间9 h,此时制备的膜接触角仅为17.5°,亲水性能...     

金刚石制品的金属胎体的研究现状

对金刚石制品的金属胎体的研究归纳为金刚石与金属胎体的结合机理、金属胎体体系、金属胎体材料制备方法以及金属胎体的性能表征及评价体系四方面的研究。对各方面的研究现状进行了较详细的分析,指出了存在的问题。提出了解决这些问题的对策,尤其提出了独特的且有效的金属胎体性能表征方式和评价体系,可为金属胎体的深入研究的提供有力的参考。     

Mucoadhesive Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Hybrid System with Controlled and Unidirectional Release of Desmopressin

The sublingual mucosa is an attractive route for drug delivery, although challenged by a continuous flow of saliva that leads to a loss of drug by swallowing. It is of great benefit that drugs absorbed across the sublingual mucosa avoid exposure to the harsh environment of the gastro-intestinal lumen; this is especially beneficial for drugs of low physicochemical stability such as therapeutic peptides. In this study, a two-layered hybrid drug delivery system was developed for the sublingual delivery of the therapeutic peptide desmopressin. It consisted of peptide-loaded mucoadhesive electrospun chitosan/polyethylene oxide-based nanofibers (mean diameter of 183 ± 20 nm) and a saliva-repelling backing film to promote unidirectional release towards the mucosa. Desmopressin was released from the nanofiber-based hybrid system (approximately 80% of the loaded peptide was released within 45 min) in a unidirectional manner in vitro. Importantly, the nanofiber–film hybrid system protected the peptide from wash-out, as demonstrated in an ex vivo flow retention model with porcine sublingual mucosal tissue. Approximately 90% of the loaded desmopressin was retained at the surface of the ex vivo porcine sublingual mucosa after 15 min of exposure to flow rates representing salivary flow.     

基于低影响开发理念的雨水控制设计计算

文中介绍了某电影文化综合体项目采用的集中雨水控制利用技术:透水性地面铺装、屋顶绿化、下凹式绿地、微生态雨水处理回用一体机。通过合理划分汇水面积,结合项目实际情况,计算给出了在限定年径流总量控制率的条件下,合理采用多种手段联合,使项目符合《绿色建筑评价标准》(GB/T 50378—2014)中的场地生态设计要求,实现了海绵城市的控制目标,也为类似工程提供了参考思路。     

Temporal and spatial evolution measurement of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy on hydrogen retention in tantalum

Fuel retention measurement on plasma-facing components is an active field of study in magnetic confinement nuclear fusion devices.The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)diagnostic method has been well demonstrated to detect the elemental distribution in PFCs.In this work,an upgraded co-axis LIBS system based on a linear fiber bundle collection system has been developed to measure the hydrogen(H) retention on a tantalum(Ta) sample under a vacuum condition.The spatial resolution measurement of the different positions of the LIBS plasma can be achieved simultaneously with varying delay times.The temporal and spatial evolution results of LIBS plasma emission show that the H plasma observably expands from the delay times of 0-200 ns.The diameter of Ta plasma is about 6 mm which is much less than the size of H plasma after 200 ns.The difference in the temporal and spatial evolution behaviors between H plasma and Ta plasma is due to the great difference in the atomic mass of H and Ta.The depth profile result shows that H retention mainly exists on the surface of the sample.The temporal and spatial evolution behaviors of the electron excited temperature are consistent with that of the Ta emission.The result will further improve the understanding of the evolution of the dynamics of LIBS plasma and optimize the current collection system of in situ LIBS in fusion devices.     

人工湿地-微生物电解池耦合系统的脱氮特性

实验构建了人工湿地-微生物电解池耦合系统（CW-MEC）,并考察了CW-MEC在阴极有无曝气及不同水力停留时间（HRT）的条件下对生活污水的处理效果。实验结果显示,降低HRT会让CW-MEC阴极、阳极的COD去除率由91.11%±7.76%、86.58%±9.54%降低为77.81%±14.84%、81.44%±11.11%,氨氮去除率由58.54%±5.80%、58.22%±5.03%降低为48.04%±12.94%、48.27%±13.40%;阴极增加曝气会让CW-MEC阴极、阳极的COD去除率分别提高到89.51%±3.92%、82.40%±1.63%,阴极氨氮去除率提高到71.51%±16.44%,而阳极氨氮去除率不受影响;增加阴极曝气条件后,系统阴、阳极开始有硝酸盐氮积累,而CW-MEC阴极的硝酸盐氮含量明显低于对照组（CW-MFC）;通过电化学性能分析,相对于CW-MFC系统,CW-MEC具有更低的内阻;通过微生物多样性分析,CW-MEC系统具有更丰富的微生物多样性。     

聚乙烯胺填料改性剂在文化用纸生产中的应用

探讨了聚乙烯胺填料改性剂对文化用纸生产的影响.结果表明,聚乙烯胺填料改性剂既能够提高填料留着率,又能够提高纸张的抗张强度、改善纸张的匀度,同时还可以降低聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的用量和针叶木浆的配比,对降低生产成本有很好的作用.     

铜版纸损纸回用对浆料留着和滤水性能的影响

铜版纸损纸回用会影响造纸湿部和纸张的性能。实验研究了阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)-膨润土助留系统中,铜版纸损纸回用对首程留着率、填料留着率及浆料滤水性能的影响并采用正交实验的方法研究了损纸回用过程中影响浆料留着的因素。结果表明,铜版纸损纸浆回用对浆料的留着及滤水产生不利的影响,随着损纸比例的增加,浆料的Zeta电位显著降低,首程留着率、填料留着率和滤水性都降低。CPAM和聚合氯化铝(PAC)的加入能够改善浆料的留着及滤水。在铜版纸损纸回用过程中,对浆料留着率影响最大的因素是CPAM用量,其次为损纸浆用量和PAC用量。当损纸浆比例提高时,可以通过适当提高CPAM和PAC用量来提高留着率。