互相关法在瑞雷波数据处理中的分析与应用

如何提取准确可靠的频散曲线是瑞雷波勘探技术关键问题之一。互相关法是众多提取方法中一种行之有效的方法。对瑞雷波数据处理中互相关法应用的基本原理与应用效果做了深入分析,通过使用滤波和相关系数阀值等措施加强数据质量约束,最终得到频散曲线。利用该方法对一个实际水闸口模型进行计算,应用效果良好。结论表明在野外条件较好的情况下,该方法可提高横向分辨率和经济效率。     

Improvements in seismic event locations in a deep western U.S. coal mine using tomographic velocity models and an evolutionary search algorithm

Methods of improving seismic event locations were investigated as part of a research study aimed at reducing ground control safety hazards. Seismic event waveforms collected with a 23-station three-dimensional sensor array during longwall coal mining provide the data set used in the analyses. A spatially variable seismic velocity model is constructed using seismic event sources in a passive tomographic method. The resulting three-dimensional velocity model is used to relocate seismic event positions. An evolutionary optimization algorithm is implemented and used in both the velocity model development and in seeking improved event location solutions. Results obtained using the different velocity models are compared. The combination of the tomographic velocity model development and evolutionary search algorithm provides improvement to the event locations.     

立式集热板太阳能热气流电站流场的数值模拟

用Fluent软件对立式集热板太阳能热气流电站流场进行数值模拟,获得立式集热板太阳能热气流电站空气流速、压力场分布。结果表明,流道内部中间速度最大,压力从地面到出口逐渐减少,预测在出口处有较小回流现象。速度与系统功率成正比关系,速度大小对功率影响较大,而集热板高宽比对烟囱内主流速度影响显著,当高度、宽度与入口直径比值为10∶2∶1时,主流速度最大,在其它条件不变的情况下,系统功率最大。     

新的捷联惯性导航划桨误差补偿算法

针对实际捷联惯性导航系统解算中的圆锥误差和划桨误差,结合已解算出的当前时刻之前两个周期的姿态信息对旋转矢量进行修正的算法,利用算法的对偶性原理,将该算法应用于划桨误差补偿算法中。在划桨运动下对该算法进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,该划桨误差补偿算法具有与解析解相当的精度。     

基于姿态补偿的视线角速率样条滤波

在大气层外动能拦截器应用背景下,对基于姿态补偿的视线角速率样条滤波进行了研究,对拦截过程中姿态跟踪角度进行了分析;通过引入姿态补偿模型,依靠三阶样条滤波实现了视线角度测量数据处理。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效减少末制导姿控情况下视线角速率滤波误差,对拦截过程中姿控引起的方法误差可进行有效的补偿。     

中国南方岩溶区岩溶地下河系统复杂水流运动特征

岩溶地下河系统水流运动多受控于岩溶多重介质环境,其主干空间展布、水体贮存、水流运动、水循环等规律的变化具多因多果性。在中国南方岩溶区岩溶地下河系统物质和能量转换的基础上,分析了其形成和演化等相关条件,研究和总结了其水流运动方向的多重性、速度的多变性、地表地下方式的转化性、时空配置的多样性及水流运动演变规律;根据维数、压力、流态等不同原则,将中国南方岩溶地下河系统水流运动方式进行分类。结合中国南方岩溶地下河系统研究现状,提出今后需加强与实践的重点。     

无人直升机悬停至前飞切换控制

模态切换控制是无人直升机实现全天候自主飞行的关键,实现飞行模态闯快速平稳的切换是无人直升机控制器设计的主要目的。针对无人直升机悬停至前飞过切换程时高度不能保持现象和对象无人直升机高度一航向通道之间存在耦合,提出了前飞速度和航向角速率补偿设计高度通道控制律,升降速度和总距风扇联动关系补偿设计航向通道控制律。最后通过大量仿真试验验证了此方法的可行性和有效性。     

新型风力/洋流涡轮气动及引射特性

为高效开发利用低品位风能和洋流能,采用涡扇发动机喷管引射技术,设计含有单级涡轮和波瓣引射器结构的低品位风力/洋流涡轮,给出一种波瓣引射器的参数化方法,并基于CFX软件RANS方程和k-ε湍流模型数值研究涡轮气动和引射特性.结果表明:含单级涡轮和波瓣引射器结构的低品位风力/洋流涡轮可将其转子四周流过的能量通过波瓣引射器引入涡轮后侧,通过流向涡和正交涡共同产生的抽吸作用,降低涡轮转子后侧被压,使有效做功速度增大约1.4倍,等效于提升了能量的品位.在2~6 m/s的风能和2~4 m/s的洋流能利用方面,含单级涡轮和波瓣引射器结构的风力/洋流涡轮功率曲线与来流速度成指数增长,流通能力增大32.70%~35.33%,在低速工况能量利用率可达66%~77%.     

Fractal characterization for the mining crack evolution process of overlying strata based on microseismic monitoring technology

In order to study the evolution laws during the development process of the coal face overburden rock mining-induced fissure,we studied the process of evolution of overburden rock mining-induced fissures and dynamically quantitatively described its fractal laws,based on the high-precision microseismic monitoring method and the nonlinear Fractal Geometry Theory.The results show that:the overburden rock mining-induced fissure fractal dimension experiences two periodic change processes with the coal face advance,namely a Small→ Big→ Small process,which tends to be stable;the functional relationship between the extraction step distance and the overburden rock mining-induced fissure fractal dimension is a cubic curve.The results suggest that the fractal dimension reflects the evolution characteristics of the overburden rock mining-induced fissure,which can be used as an evaluation index of the stability of the overburden rock strata,and it provides theoretical guidance for stability analysis of the overburden rock strata,goaf roof control and the support movements in the mining face.     

Physical and mechanical properties of sandstone containing a single fissure after exposure to high temperatures

In order to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of sandstone containing fissures after exposure to high temperatures,fissures with different angles α were prefabricated in the plate sandstone samples,and the processed samples were then heated at 5 different temperatures.Indoor uniaxial compression was conducted to analyze the change rules of physical properties of sandstone after exposure to high temperature,and the deformation,strength and failure characteristics of sandstone containing fissures.The results show that,with increasing temperature,the volume of sandstone increases gradually while the quality and density decrease gradually,and the color of sandstone remains basically unchanged while the brightness increases markedly when the temperature is higher than 585 ℃;the peak strength of sandstone containing fissures first decreases then increases when the temperature is between 25℃and 400℃.The peak strain of sandstone containing fissures increases gradually while the average modulus decreases gradually with increasing temperature,and the mechanical properties of sandstone show obvious deterioration after 400 ℃.The peak strain of sandstone containing fissures increases gradually while the average modulus decreases gradually with increasing temperature;with increasing angle αof the fissure,the evolution characteristics of the macro-mechanical parameters of sandstone are closely related to the their own mechanical properties.When the temperature is 800 ℃,the correlation between the peak strength and average modulus of sandstone and the angle α of the fissure is obviously weakened.The failure modes of sandstone containing fissures after high temperature exposure are of three different kinds including:tensile crack failure,tensile and shear cracks mixed failure,and shear crack failure.Tensile and shear crack mixed failure occur mainly at low temperatures and small angles;tensile crack failure occurs at high temperatures and large angles.