Evaluation of the anti-fouling properties of nm thick atmospheric plasma deposited coatings

Both organic and inorganic fouling are significant problems for stainless steel surfaces used in industrial applications as diverse as shipping and paper making. The objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-fouling properties of a range of fluoropolymer, fluorinated and non-fluorinated siloxane coatings on stainless steel substrates. These nm thick coatings were deposited using the atmospheric plasma jet system called PlasmaStream™. The surface properties of the plasma polymerised coatings were examined using optical profilometry, SEM-EDX, ellipsometry, contact angle measurement and FTIR. Accelerated wear testing of the coated heat exchangers indicated that coating durability was a significant issue for the nanometre thick coatings investigated. A crystallization fouling study was carried out using a laboratory scale heat exchanger test apparatus. In this the heated steel surface was in contact with flowing fluid containing CaCO₃ particles. The coated steel exhibited both a delay before fouling was initiated and in addition a decrease in the fouling rate. A lubricant oil fouling study was also carried out involving a comparison between both coated and uncoated stainless steel separator discs over a 30 day period, in the engine of a passenger ferry. A significant reduction in the level of oil fouling was observed for the fluorosiloxane and fluoropolymer coated separator discs compared with the uncoated discs.     

Integral analysis of large LOCA beyond design basis accident scenario in RBMK-1500

The integral analysis of severe accident scenario for RBMK-1500 was performed using combined approach with RELAP5, RELAP/SCDAPSIM, ASTEC and COCOSYS codes. The performed analysis covered response of the reactor core, the reactor cooling system and the confinement. There were performed several analyses: the first analysis assumed that operators take no action or their actions are not successful to provide the coolant injection to the reactor core; the other analyses were performed to investigate the accident management measures to restore the core cooling at different temperatures of the reactor core. The results of performed analyses showed that the operators have ∼5 h before the ruptures of fuel claddings occur and ∼8 h before the onset of exothermic steam-zirconium reaction. The coolant injection to the reactor core should be restored as soon as possible in order to prevent high hydrogen concentrations in the confinement and significant release of the fission products to the environment.     

Determination of Gamma-Ray Exposure Rate from Short-Lived Fission Products under Criticality Accident Conditions

For the assessment of γ-ray doses from short-lived fission products (FPs) under criticality accident conditions, γ-ray exposure rates varying with time were experimentally determined in the Transient Experiment Critical Facility (TRACY). The data were obtained by reactivity insertion in the range of 1.50 to 2.93$. It was clarified from the experiments that the contribution of γ-ray from short-lived FPs to total exposure during the experiments was evaluated to be 15 to 17%. Hence, the contribution cannot be neglected for the assessment of γ-ray doses under criticality accident conditions. Computational analyses also indicated that γ-ray exposure rates from short-lived FPs calculated with the Monte Carlo code, MCNP4B, and photon sources based on the latest FP decay data, the JENDL FP Decay Data File 2000, well agreed with the experimental results. The exposure rates were, however, extremely underestimated when the photon sources were obtained by the ORIGEN2 code. The underestimation is due to lack of energy-dependent photon emission data for major short-lived FP nuclides in the photon database attached to the ORIGEN2 code. It was also confirmed that the underestimation arose in 1,000 s or less of time lapse after an initial power burst.     

毛细管柱气相色谱法测定食品中的甜蜜素

建立毛细管柱气相色谱测定食品中甜蜜素含量的方法,采用Rxi-5ms毛细管柱分离,FID检测器对甜蜜素进行测定。结果表明,在1～10mg范围内,线性回归方程为Y=0.0003X+0.1346,相关系数为0.9998,回收率为90.7%～99.0%,相对标准偏差为2.59%～3.69%。实验结果表明,用Rxi-5ms毛细管柱对甜蜜素进行分离,分离效果好,定量结果准确。     

FP60-500型双吸泵的应用及技术改造

针对双吸泵使用中存在的密封与润滑问题,提出用填料枪把泥状软填料用较高压力注射入水泵的填料室代替盘根密封,改机油润滑为润滑脂润滑。此项改造简单易行,减少了停机损失,节约了润滑油,降低了维修成本。     

From MEMS to NEMS： Smart Chips with Senses and Muscles

The last half-century was transformed by the electronic revolution that essentially reproduced the human brain and its computing capacity on a chip. But over time, scientists have realized that something was missing to give life, so to speak, to the small chip with a brain： One needed to awaken its senses and develop its muscles! This challenge was solved through MEMS （micro electro mechanical systems）. Indeed, MEMS today are equipped with the sense of sight, smell, hearing, taste and touch through microsensors. They are also capable of physical exertion through small muscles called microactuators. These new capabilities open wide fields of imagination and important specific applications.     

香椿冷藏期间酚类物质及相关酶活性的变化

新鲜香椿挑选整理后于0℃下贮藏。贮藏期间定期测定香椿中总酚(TP)和游离酚(FP)的含量、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性。结果表明香椿总酚中以结合酚为主,只有约1/3左右是FP;贮藏的3～6dTP含量稍有增加,以后保持稳定,后期有下降且速度较快;结合酚(BP)的变化趋势与TP相似;而FP含量贮藏前期有一定增加,后期基本保持稳定。PPO和POD的活性贮藏期间均缓慢增加,在贮期结束时大幅度上升。     

FP型传感器局放声测系统的仿真研究

为在线测量变压器油中局部放电产生的超声波,建立了非本征型光纤法珀(FP)传感系统,传感器的传感单元FP腔由石英膜和尾纤端面组成,声波作用于石英膜上产生振动调制入射光波,通过解调含有局放信息的输出信号,可对变压器运行状态进行在线检测。针对FP传感器加工工艺要求高且工业上难以实现的问题,建立了光纤光栅解调系统,该系统具有全介质结构和抗电磁干扰特性。系统仿真和计算结果表明,增加石英膜半径和FP腔的端面反射率,可提高系统灵敏度;通过选择合适的FBG,可得到理想的系统传递函数。     

基于频繁模式树的关联规则增量式更新算法

研究了大型事务数据库中关联规则的增量式更新总是，提出了一种基于频繁模式树的关联规则增量式更新算法，以处理最小支持度或事务数据库发生变化后相应关联规则的更新问题，并对其性能进行了分析。     

非线性可约函数方程组的展开式解

本文将可约变换的结果推广至方程组，针对方程组至少有一个可约方程的情形得到其可约变换定理，并依此推导出一类非线性可约方程组的展开式定理。