Mooring system diagnosis and structural reliability control for position moored vessels

Early diagnosis and fault-tolerant control are essential for safe operation of floating platforms where mooring systems maintain vessel position and must withstand environmental loads. This paper considers two critical faults, line breakage and loss of a buoyancy element and employs vector statistical change detection for timely diagnosis of faults. Diagnosis design is scrutinised and a procedure is proposed based on specified false alarm probability and estimation of the distribution of the test statistics on which change detection is based. A structural reliability index is applied for monitoring the safety level of each mooring line and a set-point chasing algorithm accommodates the effects of line failure, as an integral part of the reliability-based set-point chasing control algorithm. The feasibility of the diagnosis and of the fault-tolerant control strategy is verified in model basin tests.     

Exception handling analysis and transformation using fault injection: Study of resilience against unanticipated exceptions

ContextIn software, there are the error cases that are anticipated at specification and design time, those encountered at development and testing time, and those that were never anticipated before happening in production. Is it possible to learn from the anticipated errors during design to analyze and improve the resilience against the unanticipated ones in production?ObjectiveIn this paper, we aim at analyzing and improving how software handles unanticipated exceptions. The first objective is to set up contracts about exception handling and a way to assess them automatically. The second one is to improve the resilience capabilities of software by transforming the source code.MethodWe devise an algorithm, called short-circuit testing, which injects exceptions during test suite execution so as to simulate unanticipated errors. It is a kind of fault-injection techniques dedicated to exception-handling. This algorithm collects data that is used for verifying two formal contracts that capture two resilience properties w.r.t. exceptions: the source-independence and pure-resilience contracts. Then we propose a code modification technique, called “catch-stretching” which allows error-recovery code (of the form of catch blocks) to be more resilient.ResultsOur evaluation is performed on 9 open-source software applications and consists in analyzing 241 catch blocks executed during test suite execution. Our results show that 101/214 of them (47%) expose resilience properties as defined by our exception contracts and that 84/214 of them (39%) can be transformed to be more resilient.ConclusionOur work shows that it is possible to reason on software resilience by injecting exceptions during test suite execution. The collected information allows us to apply one source code transformation that improves the resilience against unanticipated exceptions. This works best if the test suite exercises the exceptional programming language constructs in many different scenarios.     

基于QS-ML-PMHT的多目标无源协同定位方法

针对目标个数未知时无源协同定位系统低可观测目标的航迹起始及维持问题,提出一种基于拟蒙特卡罗模拟退火极大似然概率多假设的双基站多目标无源协同定位方法。首先,建立双基站无源协同定位系统数学模型。其次,提出基于极大似然概率多假设的多目标无源协同定位航迹起始算法,通过假设法确定目标个数,并首次利用拟蒙特卡罗模拟退火算法解决极大似然概率多假设中多目标的优化求解问题,以提高多目标检测跟踪性能。最后,通过滑窗法实现航迹维持。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够有效解决目标个数未知时双基站无源协同定位系统低可观测目标的航迹起始及维持问题。     

全相位与Geiger算法的岩石声发射源定位方法

Geiger定位算法在岩石定位分析中得到广泛应用,但是对初始值要求非常严格,若初始值选择不当,则很难进入收敛范围。为了提高定位精度,减少迭代次数,针对这些问题,提出全相位与Geiger算法的岩石声发射源定位方法。首先进行花岗岩（50 mm×100 mm×50 mm）断铅实验,接着充分利用全相位FFT相位不变性的优势分析断铅信号,通过相位差法求出时延同时反演声发射源求出Geiger迭代初始值,最后综合最小二乘法与Geiger算法,迭代求出最优解。实验仿真结果显示此算法的平均误差相比美国PCI-2型声发射仪器定位结果降低了约5 mm,有效解决了Geiger初始值选取的问题,能够迅速进入收敛范围,提高了收敛速度和定位精度。     

基于改进的无量纲指标信息融合故障诊断方法

针对无量纲指标信息的不确定会产生冲突证据的问题,提出一种基于改进证据理论的无量纲指标信息融合故障诊断方法.采用人工免疫算法构建原始证据;通过计算无量纲免疫检测器证据之间的相似度找出相似证据和冲突证据.保留相似证据,并利用可信度修正冲突证据,从而降低冲突证据对证据理论合成结果的影响.组合式旋转机械故障诊断试验验证本文方法有效.该方法能够明显提高故障诊断准确率.     

装备故障样本优化方法研究

测试性验证装备的故障样本往往相互关联,全部注入费用较高、代价较大.为了降低验证试验费用,采用适当方法对故障样本进行优化分析.为提高故障检测率,提出了一种等价样本的故障样本优化方法.方法在分析故障-测试关联矩阵及其扩展、故障模式功能等价集合和故障模式测试等价集合的基础上,构建了故障样本等价集合,并进行重要度特征分析和最大熵求解,确定了最小的故障样本集合.通过对某型试验台故障样本优化实例分析,并与传统的方法进行了试验结果对比分析,使得故障样本数量、试验费用大为减少,提高了测试性验证的经济性.     

显微红外热成像技术在故障定位中的应用

电子元器件是整机的基础,在装备的生产和使用过程中,元器件工作异常将影响整个装备的正常运行,元器件发生故障时,必须迅速、准确地进行故障分析和失效定位,避免军用装备在关键时刻发生故障。显微红外热成像技术是一种对电子元器件的微小面积进行高精度非接触的测量,能够显示元器件的反常热分布,暴露不合理的设计和工艺缺陷。论文介绍了显微红外热像仪的原理及特点,举例说明了显微红外热成像技术在失效分析故障定位中的应用,对元器件的故障失效分析和有效性检测提供了指导作用。     

Android智能手机的云服务应用研究

云计算的应用目标并不仅局限于PC,随着移动互联网的蓬勃发展,基于手机等移动终端的云服务已成为IT行业炙手可热的新业务发展模式。本文基于Openmobster搭建移动云计算环境,并利用Android智能手机作为终端来访问云端服务器资源,以数据传输的事务处理为应用背景,采用c／s模式和B／S模式相结合的方式,建立了云服务下移动智能终端信息采集和处理的基础架构,并根据此架构初步实现了追踪定位的功能。该方法通过无线网络连接,利用服务器端与手机客户端的即时通信,实现了为Android智能手机提供云推送和云同步的服务。     

移动终端交通动态图形化信息受信位置研究

交通动态信息图形化发布是通过对道路网抽象简化形成简易道路图形,并在此基础上发布实时路况的交通信息发布方式。在移动终端上发布图形化动态信息时,应充分考虑移动终端的可移动性以及实时在线特性,在关键的位置发布合理的图形信息,才可提高交通动态信息的识别度和提升信息诱导效果。通过分析驾驶人信息接收过程和线路的调整行为特性,研究图形化数据受信距离的设置方法,建立受信距离计算模型,给出了模型关键参数的计算方法和参考数据,从而为后期规模性图形化发布位置的布设奠定基础。     

Path Loss Modelling for Location Service Applications

The aim of this paper is the path loss modelling for the radiolocation services in radio communication networks, particularly in cellular networks. The main results of the measurements obtained in the physical layer of the UMTS are introduced. A new method for the utilization of the multipath propagation phenomenon to improve the estimation of the distance between the MS （mobile station） and the BS （base station） is outlined. This method significantly increases the quality of location services in systems which use a radio interface with DS （direct sequence） CDMA （code division multiple access）.