基于图像的二次反射镜面形质量快速检测方法

针对二次反射塔式太阳能热发电技术中二次反射镜面形精度要求高的特性, 利用2种条纹方向正交的直条纹图案将待测面形分解为2个正交方向的像素偏差量, 通过二次反射镜面形快速解算模型将像素偏差转换成镜面反射法线的偏差角, 实现了待测面面形的快速检测。然后, 对二次反射镜样品进行面形检测, 再将检测结果与基于关节臂测量机的检测结果进行了对比, 结果表明2种检测方法的检测结果相符。     

Artificial Antigen-Presenting Interfaces in the Service of Immunology

While the beneficial impact of modifying and/or targeting T lymphocytes is becoming increasingly accepted in the treatment of different diseases, the road towards cell-based immunotherapy is still long and winding. Major challenges that remain include, amongst others, the guidance and exquisite regulation of immune processes ex vivo. In part, this is due to the difficulties of simulating ex vivo the intimate cellular interactions that occur between T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The fate of T cells is not solely regulated by the presence of certain molecules on the surface of APCs but also by their density and spatial distribution on the micro- and nanometric scale. Moreover, mechanical properties of APCs and force-dependent conformational changes during the formation of an immunological synapse (IS; a highly organized supramolecular complex at the T cell APC interface), play a crucial role in T cell fate regulation. Various different technical means have been developed to create APC substitutes that are able to simulate ex vivo signals originating from naturally occurring APCs. Here, we review the performance of APC surrogates and discuss their contribution to understanding mechanisms underlying the ability of T cells to perform the “intelligent” mission of acquiring, processing and responding to environmental information.     

Effect of the mimic structure on the molecular recognition properties of molecularly imprinted polymers for ochratoxin A prepared by a fragmental approach

In this work the fragmental approach was used to prepare several molecularly imprinted ethylene dimethacrylate-co-methacrylic acid polymers with molecular recognition towards the mycotoxin ochratoxin A, with the aim of searching for simpler mimic templates than the well-known N-(4-chloro-1-hydroxy-2-naphthoylamido)-(l)-phenylalanine. The screening for binding of two different kinds of ochratoxin-related molecules was performed by HPLC analysis. Ochratoxin A and the mimic templates were eluted in acetonitrile–acetic acid (0.1% v/v) and the imprinting factor was measured for all the ligands on all the columns packed with the imprinted polymers. The experimental results show that changes to the amino acidic sub-structure or the presence/absence of a chlorine atom in position 4 on the naphthalene ring system does not affect the molecular recognition of ochratoxin A by the resulting imprinted polymer. On the contrary, the presence of the bulky naphthalene ring system in the mimic template seems to be necessary to preserve the molecular recognition of ochratoxin. This binding behavior was found to be compatible with in silico simulations of the complexation between some of the mimic templates and molecules of methacrylic acid. The use of the mimic template N-(1-hydroxy-2-naphthoylamido)-(L)-phenylalanine seems to represent a synthetically simple approach to the preparation of imprinted polymers with molecular recognition properties towards ochratoxin A.     

Toll-Like Receptor and Accessory Molecule mRNA Expression in Humans and Mice as Well as in Murine Autoimmunity,Transient Inflammation,and Progressive Fibrosis

The cell type-, organ-, and species-specific expression of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well described, but little is known about the respective expression profiles of their accessory molecules. We therefore determined the mRNA expression levels of LBP, MD2, CD36, CD14, granulin, HMGB1, LL37, GRP94, UNC93b1, TRIL, PRAT4A, AP3B1, AEP and the respective TLRs in human and mouse solid organs. Humans and mice displayed significant differences between their respective mRNA expression patterns of these factors. In addition, the expression profiles in transient tissue inflammation upon renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, in spleens and kidneys from mice with lupus-like systemic autoimmunity, and in progressive tissue fibrosis upon unilateral ureteral obstruction were studied. Several TLR co-factors were specifically regulated during the different phases of these disease entities, suggesting a functional involvement in the disease process. Thus, the organ- and species-specific expression patterns need to be considered in the design and interpretation of studies related to TLR-mediated innate immunity, which seems to be involved in the tissue injury phase, in the phase of tissue regeneration, and in progressive tissue remodelling.     

Fluorobenzene Nucleobase Analogues for Triplex-Forming Peptide Nucleic Acids

2,4-Difluorotoluene is a nonpolar isostere of thymidine that has been used as a powerful mechanistic probe to study the role of hydrogen bonding in nucleic acid recognition and interactions with polymerases. In the present study, we evaluated five fluorinated benzenes as nucleobase analogues in peptide nucleic acids designed for triple helical recognition of double helical RNA. We found that analogues having para and ortho fluorine substitution patterns (as in 2,4-difluorotoluene) selectively stabilized Hoogsteen triplets with U−A base pairs. The results were consistent with attractive electrostatic interactions akin to non-canonical F to H−N and C−H to N hydrogen bonding. The fluorinated nucleobases were not able to stabilize Hoogsteen-like triplets with pyrimidines in either G−C or A−U base pairs. Our results illustrate the ability of fluorine to engage in non-canonical base pairing and provide insights into triple helical recognition of RNA.     

富马酰基桥联双冠醚的晶体结构及其对金属离子的选择键合

通过母体冠醚环(苯并氮杂-15-冠-5)与富马酰氯反应,合成了一种新型的富马酰基桥连的双冠醚,其单晶结构经X-射线单晶衍射仪测定;继而采用溶剂萃取法考察了其对金属离子(Li~+、Na~+、K~+、Rb~+、Cs~+、Ag~+、Tl~+)的识别能力。结果显示,该双冠醚对Li~+具有较高的萃取率和选择性。     

Blind recognition algorithm for IRA codes in noisy environment

For noisy environment, the parity-check matrix of Irregular Repeat-Accumulate(IRA) codes is hard to reconstruct, moreover, the relationships of the large-scale complex interleaver are hard to recover. To solve the problems, a novel blind recognition algorithm is proposed. First, the code's length and synchronization are identified by applying rank criteria. Second, by implementing matrix transformation, the dual vectors of codewords are found. Then, by setting a threshold, the effective parity-check vectors of dual space are selected. According to the sparse characteristics of the IRA codes' parity-check matrix, the parity matrix can be reconstructed with effective parity-check vectors Finally, relationships of the interleaver can be recovered according to the characteristics of IRA codes. Simulation results show that the proposal can be used to estimate IRA codes encoding parameters and complete the blind recognition in the non-cooperative context with noise.     

Traffic state recognition using static images and FCM

Accurate recognition of the traffic condition can proactively alert drivers who will enter the congested road to avoid congestion, so that the degree of congestion will not be increased. And it is also the basis to make scientific decision on active traffic managements, and conducive to alleviate congestion, improve the traffic efficiency, save energy and reduce emission. In this paper, the traffic surveillance videos are sampled every three minutes to build static image database, and the road area is marked as the region of interest (ROI), and then ROI images are normalized in terms of angle and scale. The three image features in ROI, i.e., average gradient, corner and long edge number, are then extracted. Finally, the fuzzy C-means clustering (FCM) method is used to classify the traffic condition into two classifications, i.e., flowing traffic and congestion. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively identify the traffic condition involved in the image by the accuracy of 98％. Moreover, compared with the video-based approaches, this method greatly reduces the implementation cost.     

基于反传神经网络和压差波动识别气液两相流流型

引　言研究气液两相流流型自动与客观识别具有重要的工程应用价值 ,可为相关工业中两相流动自动监测与控制提供技术保障 .因此 ,该课题一直受学术界和工业界的重视 .近年来 ,随着测量技术和信息处理技术的发展 ,为气液两相流型的客观和智能识别提供了可能[1] .目前有关流型的神经网络模式识别的研究工作正在进行 .Ｅｍｂｒｅｃｈｓ等[2 ] 采用Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ神经网络模型 ,分别将压差波动信号的短时Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ谱和正交小波变换后的小波系数作为网络的输入特征 ,对水平管内的两相流流型进行识别 .结果发现Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ谱作为输入特征参…