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61.
    
Situated at the intersection of technology and medicine, the Internet of Things (IoT) holds the promise of addressing some of healthcare's most pressing challenges, from medical error, to chronic drug shortages, to overburdened hospital systems, to dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. However, despite considerable recent technological advances, the pace of successful implementation of promising IoT healthcare initiatives has been slow. To inspire more productive collaboration, we present here a simple—but surprisingly underrated—problem-oriented approach to developing healthcare technologies. To further assist in this effort, we reviewed the various commercial, regulatory, social/cultural, and technological factors in the development of the IoT. We propose that fog computing—a technological paradigm wherein the burden of computing is shifted from a centralized cloud server closer to the data source—offers the greatest promise for building a robust and scalable healthcare IoT ecosystem. To this end, we explore the key enabling technologies that underpin the fog architecture, from the sensing layer all the way up to the cloud. It is our hope that ongoing advances in sensing, communications, cryptography, storage, machine learning, and artificial intelligence will be leveraged in meaningful ways to generate unprecedented medical intelligence and thus drive improvements in the health of many people.  相似文献   
62.
    
Currently, core networking architectures are facing disruptive developments, due to emergence of paradigms such as Software-Defined-Networking (SDN) for control, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) for services, and so on. These are the key enabling technologies for future applications in 5G and locality-based Internet of things (IoT)/wireless sensor network services. The proliferation of IoT devices at the Edge networks is driving the growth of all-connected world of Internet traffic. In the Cloud-to-Things continuum, processing of information and data at the Edge mandates development of security best practices to arise within a fog computing environment. Service providers are transforming their business using NFV-based services and SDN-enabled networks. The SDN paradigm offers an easily programmable model, global view, and control for modern networks, which demand faster response to security incidents and dynamically enforce countermeasures to intrusions and cyberattacks. This article proposes an autonomic multilayer security framework called Distributed Threat Analytics and Response System (DTARS) for a converged architecture of Fog/Edge computing and SDN infrastructures, for emerging applications in IoT and 5G networks. The major detection scheme is deployed within the data plane, consisting of a coarse-grained behavioral, anti-spoofing, flow monitoring and fine-grained traffic multi-feature entropy-based algorithms. We developed exemplary defense applications under DTARS framework, on a malware testbed imitating the real-life DDoS/botnets such as Mirai. The experiments and analysis show that DTARS is capable of detecting attacks in real-time with accuracy more than 95% under attack intensities up to 50 000 packets/s. The benign traffic forwarding rate remains unaffected with DTARS, while it drops down to 65% with traditional NIDS for advanced DDoS attacks. Further, DTARS achieves this performance without incurring additional latency due to data plane overhead.  相似文献   
63.
    
Mobile offloading is a promising technique to aid the constrained resources of a mobile device. By offloading a computational task, a device can save energy and increase the performance of the mobile applications. Unfortunately, in existing offloading systems, the opportunistic moments to offload a task are often sporadic and short-lived. We overcome this problem by proposing a social-aware hybrid offloading system (HyMobi), which increases the spectrum of offloading opportunities. As a mobile device is always co-located to at least one source of network infrastructure throughout of the day, by merging cloudlet, device-to-device and remote cloud offloading, we increase the availability of offloading support. Integrating these systems is not trivial. In order to keep such coupling, a strong social catalyst is required to foster user’s participation and collaboration. Thus, we equip our system with an incentive mechanism based on credit and reputation, which exploits users’ social aspects to create offload communities. We evaluate our system under controlled and in-the-wild scenarios. With credit, it is possible for a device to create opportunistic moments based on user’s present need. As a result, we extended the widely used opportunistic model with a long-term perspective that significantly improves the offloading process and encourages unsupervised offloading adoption in the wild.  相似文献   
64.
    
The emergent paradigm of fog computing advocates that the computational resources can be extended to the edge of the network, so that the transmission latency and bandwidth burden caused by cloud computing can be effectively reduced. Moreover, fog computing can support and facilitate some kinds of applications that do not cope well with some features of cloud computing, for instance, applications that require low and predictable latency, and geographically distributed applications. However, fog computing is not a substitute but instead a powerful complement to the cloud computing. This paper focuses on studying the interplay and cooperation between the edge (fog) and the core (cloud) in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). We first propose a three-tier system architecture and mathematically characterize each tier in terms of energy consumption and latency. After that, simulations are performed to evaluate the system performance with and without the fog involvement. The simulation results show that the three-tier system outperforms the two-tier system in terms of the assessed metrics.  相似文献   
65.
该项目简要介绍了针对大雾等天气情况而采取的主动应对措施,提高了道路的通行能力,保障了道路交通安全.  相似文献   
66.
报告载有物像信息的子弹光在云雾介质中传播的强度变化及极限传播距离,并分析其成像条件与提高其信噪比的方法。  相似文献   
67.
归一化雾指数法白天陆地辐射雾检测研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对MODIS卫星数据的特点,基于Streamer大气辐射传输模式,通过模拟各种云类和陆地辐射雾在MODIS可见光、短波红外、中红外波段的光谱辐射特征,提出了一种基于归一化雾指数进行陆地辐射雾检测的特征参数,实验表明利用归一化雾指数特征参数能够较好地进行陆地辐射雾检测.  相似文献   
68.
水雾对激光引信的衰减   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
由于水雾会使激光信号产生严重的衰减,从而影响激光引信探测的应用,本文着重研究了绿激光在水雾中传输的衰减特性。首先,基于Mie散射理论,建立了水雾对0.532μm绿激光光束的传输衰减模型;然后,通过仿真计算,对比分析了激光在不同能见度水雾下的衰减特性;最后,通过水雾模拟实验验证了衰减模型的准确性。理论分析和实验结果表明,激光光束的衰减明显受水雾能见度的影响,并随着能见度的降低而增大;0.532μm激光在水雾中的穿透率较高,能见度在50m时可以达到60%以上。实验测得的光能量的透射值与计算值基本一致,最大误差在4%左右,证明了水雾衰减模型的正确性。得到的结果为绿激光在水雾环境下的目标探测系统中的应用提供了理论和实验依据。  相似文献   
69.
We developed a new method for a wind tunnel experiment to predict a visible plume region from a wet cooling tower. The diffusion of water vapor and heat emitted from a cooling tower in a wind tunnel is estimated using a tracer gas. The instantaneous concentration of the tracer gas is measured using high-response flame ionization detectors. A moist plume-induced fog is assumed to be generated whenever the instantaneous specific humidity predicted from the concentration of the tracer gas at measured points is larger than the inferred saturation specific humidity. To confirm the validity of the present method, the results in the wind tunnel experiments are roughly compared with the observations obtained at the mechanical-draft cooling tower of the Benning Road plant. The results show that the visible plume length and height are nearly in agreement with observations and the present method has the capability to predict the visible plume region from the cooling tower.  相似文献   
70.
The Architectural Association in London is renowned for its unique unit structure in which avant-garde research and design strategies are incubated and hatched. In a new series edited by Michael Weinstock, Academic Head at the AA, the activities of the units are brought under the spotlight. ‘Unit Factor’ kicks off with an account by Steve Hardy and Werner Gaiser of the Environments, Ecology and Sustainability research cluster they lead. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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