Molecular property–affinity relationship of flavanoids and flavonoids for HSA in vitro

The relationship between the structural properties of selected dietary flavanoids and flavonoids and their affinities for HSA were investigated by fluorescence analysis. The binding process with HSA was strongly influenced by the structural differences of the compounds under study. Methylation of hydroxyl groups improved the affinities for HSA by 2–16‐fold. Hydroxylation on rings A, B, and C also affected the affinity for HSA significantly. Glycosylation decreased the affinities for HSA by 1–3 orders of magnitude depending on the conjugation site and the class of sugar moiety. Hydrogenation of the C2=C3 double bond also decreased the binding affinity. Galloylated catechins and pyrogallol‐type catechins exhibited higher binding affinities for HSA than non‐galloylated and catechol‐type catechins, respectively. The affinities for HSA increased with increasing partition coefficients and decreased with increasing hydrogen bond donor and acceptor numbers of flava(o)noids, which suggested that the binding interaction was mainly caused by hydrophobic forces.     

Disruption of Pichia pastoris PMR1 gene decreases its folding capacity on human serum albumin and interferon-alpha2b fusion protein

In an attempt to increase the secretion capacity of Pichia pastoris (Pp), PpPMR1 gene was disrupted with GS115 as parent strain, and the resultant mutant was designated as Pppmr1. Pppmr1 displayed a Ca2+-dependent growth defect, which was consistent with the PMR1 mutation in other yeasts. HSA-L5-IFNalpha2b, a human serum albumin (HSA) and inferferon-alpha2b (IFNalpha2b) fusion protein with a flexible linker of 5 amino acid residues, was employed as a reporter to study the effects of PpPMR1 disruption on the secretion of heterologous protein. Because of its decreased viability after induction, Pppmr1 secreted more HSA-L5-IFNalpha2b only during the early phase (the first 15 hours) of induction. Although HSA-L5-IFNalpha2b secreted from GS115 and Pppmr1 had similar antiviral activity, the latter was heterogeneous (migrated as doublets on non-reducing SDS-PAGE) and unstable (prone to aggregation at neutral to mild alkaline pH). Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the heterogeneity of HSA-L5-IFNalpha2b secreted from Pppmr1 was originated from the incomplete disulphide bridge pairing between Cys1 and Cys98 of IFNalpha2b. To be secreted homogeneously from Pppmr1 and to be stable in aqueous solution, the linker of the fusion protein should be extended to 10 amino acid residues.     

Human serum albumin (HSA) adsorption with chitosan microspheres

In this study, chitosan microspheres were prepared and characterized for adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) as affinity sorbent. The chitosan microspheres were obtained with a “suspension crosslinking technique” in the size range of 30–700 μm by using a crosslinker, i.e., glutaraldehyde. The chitosan microspheres used in HSA adsorption studies were having the average size of 170 ± 81 μm. Adsorption medium pH and the initial HSA concentration in the adsorption medium were changed as 4.0–7.0 and 0.5–2.0 mg HSA/mL, respectively, to investigate the HSA adsorption capacity of chitosan microspheres. Maximum HSA adsorption (i.e., 11.35 mg HSA/g chitosan microspheres) was obtained at pH 5.0 and 1.5 mg HSA/mL of the initial HSA concentration in the adsorption medium was obtained as the saturation value for HSA adsorption. A very common dye ligand, i.e., Cibacron Blue F3GA was attached to the chitosan microspheres to increase the HSA adsorption capacity. Actually, the HSA adsorption capacity was increased up to 15.35 mg HSA/g chitosan microspheres in the case of Cibacron Blue F3GA attached to chitosan microspheres used. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3035–3039, 2002     

单扫描极谱法快速测定蛋白质的研究

在pH 4.7的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,邻二氮菲与蛋白质相互作用,使邻二氮菲在-0.99 V(vs.SCE)处的还原峰电流下降,电流降低值与所加的蛋白质(人血清白蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、溶菌酶)的量在一定范围内呈线性关系,线性范围分别为2.0~22 mg/L,2.0~20 mg/L和4.0~26 mg/L;检测限分别为1.0 mg/L,1.0 mg/L,2.0mg/L。运用该方法测定了人血清中白蛋白的含量,结果满意。     

Optimal placement and sizing of distributed generators and shunt capacitors for power loss minimization in radial distribution networks using hybrid heuristic search optimization technique

This paper attempts to minimize power losses in radial distribution networks and facilitates an enhancement in bus voltage profile by determining optimal locations, optimally sized distributed generators and shunt capacitors by hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm approach. To overcome the drawback of premature and slow convergence of Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) over multi model fitness landscape, the Particle Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (PABC) is utilized to enhance the harmony memory vector. In the first approach, the formulation echoes the determination of loss sensitivity factor to decide the sensitive nodes and thereafter decides on the optimal rating through the use of hybrid Algorithm. The second approach encircles the role of hybrid Algorithm to search for both the optimal candidate nodes and sizing of compensating devices by significant increase in loss reduction with the former approach. The procedure travels to examine the robustness of the proposed hybrid approach on 33 and 119 node test systems and the result outcomes are compared with the other techniques existing in the literature. The simulation results reveal the efficiency of the proposed hybrid algorithm in obtaining optimal solution for simultaneous placement of distributed generators and shunt capacitors in distribution networks.     

基于HHT的信号奇异性检测

针对信号的奇异性,采用基于希尔伯特-黄变换（HHT）的方法进行奇异性分解,即首先利用经验模态分解（EMD）对信号进行分解,再提取第一阶分量的瞬时频率;利用瞬时频率检测信号奇异点。通过对幅值突变、频率突变、脉冲突变和方向突变四种奇异信号的仿真分析,表明了该方法能够准确地检测信号奇异点。     

NMR, multi-spectroscopic and molecular modeling approach to investigate the complexes between C.I. Acid Orange 7 and human serum albumin in vitro

In this study, the interaction between C.I. Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and human serum albumin (HSA) was firstly investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with fluorescence quenching spectroscopy, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and molecular modeling method in vitro. The results of NMR data confirmed that AO7 indeed interacted with HSA, and the hydrophobic portion of AO7 should be embedded to the hydrophobic pocket of HSA. The fluorescence quenching analysis revealed that AO7 can bind to HSA. The conformational change of HSA in the presence of AO7 was confirmed by synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional fluorescence, UV-vis absorption, FT-IR and CD spectra. The binding distance between AO7 and tryptophan residue of HSA was calculated by the efficiency of fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Molecular modeling showed that hydrophobic force and hydrogen bonds were the major interaction between AO7 and HSA.     

抗生素痢菌净与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光、同步荧光、三维荧光和紫外-可见吸收光谱法,研究了在生理条件下痢菌净(MEQ)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)相互作用的光谱学行为。分析了MEQ对HSA的荧光猝灭机制,计算了不同温度下的猝灭常数KSV、结合常数Kb、结合位点数n、热力学参数(如:ΔH、ΔS、ΔG)和结合距离r,并探研了MEQ对HSA构象的影响。结果表明:MEQ对HSA荧光猝灭方式是动态猝灭;结合位点数1;结合距离4.2 nm;MEQ对HSA构象的影响不大。MEQ与HSA间结合作用较弱,作为肠、胃或体外消炎药时,不易被血清白蛋白储存和转运,药物在体内的残留量较少、残留时间较短、所产生的副作用也较小。     

磁头臂自动锡球焊接技术研究

为解决低效率的人工焊接技术对现代硬盘生产效率的制约,论文着重研究了磁头臂自动锡球焊接技术,基于提出全自动钎焊机的研制要求,设计了一种低成本、高效率的磁头臂全自动钎焊机。实例证明了磁头臂自动锡球焊接的可行性和高效性,具有现实的意义。     

中药活性组分与人血清白蛋白相互作用研究进展

中药活性组分与人血清白蛋白（Human serum albumin,HSA）相互作用的研究可为探讨人类疾病机制,诊断、预防疾病,制药和新药开发提供重要的理论基础,是毒理学、生命科学、化学及临床医学的一个重要研究领域。基于研究中药活性组分与HSA相互作用具有重要的意义,文章在总结前人工作的基础上,综合各种实验技术及化学信息学,从HSA的功能和作用,研究方法,基本公式等几个方面来阐述HSA与中药活性组分的相互作用。