Synthesis,Structure Characterization and Biological Activity of Co (II), Cu (II), and Zn (II) Complexes with (Z)‐3‐((3‐hydroxybenzylidene)amino)pyridin‐1‐ium 4‐(dodecan‐4‐yl)benzenesulfonate Surfactant

(Z)‐3‐((3‐hydroxybenzylidene)amino)pyridin‐1‐ium4‐dodecylbenzenesulfonate anionic surfactant and its cobalt, copper and zinc complexes were synthesized (I, I‐Co, I‐Cu and I‐Zn). The chemical structures of it were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, ¹H‐NMR, UV–Vis spectroscopy and atomic adsorption. The effects of the chemical structures of the synthesized anionic surfactant and the type of transition metals on the surface activity are presented in this paper. The thermodynamic parameters show that adsorption and micellization processes are spontaneous. The results of biological activity measurements showed that the synthesized compounds have a great efficiency against gram positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), gram‐ negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and fungi (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) as well as the sulfate reducing bacteria (Desulfomonas pigra). The complexation of the anionic surfactant with Co²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ increase the antimicrobial activity values.     

基于CORS的高层建筑物三维形变监测关键技术研究

主要研究了相对定位数学模型和数据预处理方法,分析了GNSS观测的主要误差源及处理办法,建立了Kalman滤波的实时参数估计方法和模糊度固定解算技术;研究了基于Kalman滤波的形变信息提取技术,建立了Kalman滤波平滑降噪数学模型,对基于不同平滑降噪因子的平滑效果进行了分析;以天津悦雅国际某高层建筑监测项目为例,结合天津市二等水准成果和天津CORS站点稳定性分析成果,验证基于CORS的高层建筑物三维形变监测方法的正确性。     

A Review on Metal‐Free Doped Carbon Materials Used as Oxygen Reduction Catalysts in Solid Electrolyte Proton Exchange Fuel Cells

Within the last decade, metal‐free heteroatom doped carbon nanomaterials have gained attention as effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in many electrochemical systems. Since then, reports have stated that the ORR catalytic activity, onset potential, and H₂O production selectivity of these materials is similar to that of platinum‐based catalysts. These statements rely on cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disc electrode (RDE) measurements in liquid alkaline electrolyte. However, fuel cell researchers aim to replace the costly platinum catalysts in the more prominent acidic solid electrolyte proton exchange fuel cell (PEFC). In this respect, there are only a few reports of unpromising activity, stability, and H₂O production selectivity. In addition, only few reports have been presented on the implementation of such materials in cathode catalyst layers of actual PEFC devices. This mini‐review aims to summarize and evaluate results of these reports. Material synthesis, cell power, open circuit voltage, stability properties, and proposed active sites are reviewed. To date, the highest reported PEFC power densities with guaranteed metal‐free heteroatom doped carbon cathode catalysts have reached up to 321 mW cm⁻²; which although a promising value is substantially short of values obtained for platinum based catalysts.     

Preparation of immobilized sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) granules for effective bioremediation of acid mine drainage and bacterial community analysis

Heavy metal-resistant immobilized sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) granules were prepared to treat acid mine drainage (AMD) containing high concentrations of multiple heavy metal ions using an up-flow anaerobic packed-bed bioreactor. The bioreactor demonstrated satisfactory performance at influent pH 2.8 and high concentrations of metals (Fe 463 mg/L, Mn 79 mg/L, Cu 76 mg/L, Cd 58 mg/L and Zn 118 mg/L). The effluent pH ranged from 7.8 to 8.3 and the removal efficiencies of Fe, Cu, Zn and Cd were over 99.9% except for Mn (42.1–99.3%). The bacterial community in the bioreactor was diverse and included fermentative bacteria and SRB (Desulfovibrio desulfiricans) involved in sulfate reduction. The co-existing anaerobic fermentative bacteria (Clostridia bacterium, etc.) with the ability to use lactate as electron donor could explain the differences between actual lactate consumption and what would be expected based solely on sulfate reduction.     

变压器铁芯接地电流在线监测系统设计及其带电检测不确定度评定

摘要：在保持变压器铁芯接地电流在线监测系统硬件设施保持不变的前提下,研究一种该系统的算法升级策略。使用30个周期数据形成的多测点多列交叉神经网络支持的机器学习系统对该系统的接地电流进行测量,同时研究一种基于6倍标准误差率的检测不确定度标识方法,研究该系统算法升级策略的同时,分析不确定度的标识方法。技术革新后的变压器铁芯接地电流监测误差,小于±0.395%,可以基本满足对变压器铁芯接地电流的测量需求。且该算法可以排除实际测量中因为变压器内部、外部复合故障导致的接地电流产生机理差异性影响。同时,重点研究了对铁芯接地电流误差测量中的扩展不确定度测量方法确认问题,认为6倍标准偏差率作为扩展不确定度测量标度,可以满足该系统的测量误差标定需求。     

宁波市轨道交通地面沉降监测实施探讨

轨道交通工程的建设为宁波市地面沉降监测工作带来新的问题,必须对轨道交通工程沿线的地面沉降进行重点防控,尽可能减少地面沉降对轨道交通工程的影响。本文对宁波市轨道交通地面沉降监测工作作了总体介绍。     

LonWorks现场总线在运焦皮带系统的应用

介绍了LonWorks现场总线在运焦皮带监控系统中的应用情况。LonWorks现场总线不仅可以布成总线结构,还可以采用自由拓扑结构,对有分岔的皮带运输系统尤其适合。LonWorks现场总线控制距离远,控制结构与控制组态灵活,总线网络的传输可靠性高,性价比高,网络性能稳定可靠。     

微库仑法测定石油及石油产品中的硫含量

在石油化工生产过程中,硫含量的测定是需要严格控制的一项重要指标,也是与发动机的腐蚀及环保排放有关的重要项目。硫的存在还降低了油品的氧化安定性,,使油品颜色变深,产生特殊的气味和讨厌的沉渣而降低油品的质量。炼厂及石油化工装置排放气中的硫化氢、二氧化硫,在空气中还会形成酸雨,污染环境,破坏生态平衡,因此硫含量分析至关重要。分析硫常用的方法有很多:燃灯法、氧弹法、氧瓶燃烧法、微库仑法和荧光法等。本文就微库仑法灵敏度、快速、准确的特点,通过大量的实验,针对各种影响因素进行对比和研究,找到了最佳的分析条件,并选择校正曲线法建立汽油、柴油和重油中硫分析方法。试验表明:上述方法对于不同石油产品中显示出良好的选择性(重复性、再现性和灵敏度),满足了生产过程中不同石油产品中硫含量的检测需要。     

Measurement of phenols dearomatization via electrolysis: The UV-Vis solid phase extraction method

Dearomatization levels during electrochemical oxidation of p-methoxyphenol (PMP) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) have been determined through UV-Vis spectroscopy using solid phase extraction (UV-Vis/SPE). The results show that the method is satisfactory to determine the ratio between aromatic compounds and aliphatic acids and reaction kinetics parameters during treatment of wastewater, in agreement with results obtained from numerical deconvolution of UV-Vis spectra. Analysis of solutions obtained from electrolysis of substituted phenols on antimony-doped tin oxide (SnO₂Sb) showed that an electron acceptor substituting group favored the aromatic ring opening reaction, preventing formation of intermediate quinone during oxidation.     

Water purification from metal ions using carbon nanoparticle-conjugated polymer nanocomposites

The paper deals with a novel method of obtaining nanocarbon-conjugated polymer nanocomposites (NCPC) using nanocarbon colloids (NCC) and polyethylenimine (PEI) for water purification from metal ions. Size of NCC, process of NCPC synthesis, its chemical characteristics, ratio of NCC and PEI in NCPC, speed of coagulation of NCPC, mechanism of interaction of metal ions with NCPC, ability of removing metal ions from water by NCPC against pH have been studied. NCPC has a bonding capacity of 4.0-5.7 mmol/g at pH 6 for most of the divalent metal ions. Percent of sorption of Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, Hg²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cr⁶⁺ ions is higher than 99%. Lifetime of NCPC before coagulation in the treated water is 1 s-1000 min and depends on the ratio of polymeric molecules and carbon nanoparticle concentrations. Results of laboratory tests of the method are described.