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121.
The body color in animals results from billions of years of their natural evolution in order to evade natural enemies, catch
quarries or display themselves beauty, investigation on mechanisms of structural light is an important aspect of bionics.
Based on the phenomenon of Papilio maackii ménétriès’ blue scales changing into green ones immediately after dropping some alcohol aqua on the underwing surface and
soon returning back to the original color, the relationship between microstructure, optics characteristic of scales and changing
color effect were studied using the Olympus Stereomicroscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy
(TEM) and Ultraviolet (UV)-Visible Spectrophotometer. The color variation mechanisms of blue scales of Papilio maackii ménétriès in Chinese Northeast were revealed in this paper. When visible lights traveled through the concaver structure with
multilayer reflector and the filled medium with different refractive indices, the reflected lights in definite wavelengths
produced interference and color at that wavelength came into being. It has important academic reference value to biomimetics
design of video stealth materials.
Recommended by Prof. SONG YuQuan, Member of Editorial Committee of Science in China, Series E: Technological Sciences
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50635030, 30570235), the Key Project of Chinese
Ministry of Education (Grant No. 105059), and Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation (Grant No. 101020) 相似文献
122.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the symbolization of colors as cultural codes, based on costume colors. In order to study the significance of colors in cultural changes, we carried out a quantitative analysis and interpreted it from the perspective of cultural semiotics. The range of this study was focused on Korean costume colors, over diverse diachronic stages of Korean culture. For this study 1535 color samples were collected, measured with a spectrophotometer, and analyzed quantitatively according their diachronic stages of origin. As a result, red, blue, and yellow were found to be the most frequently used colors during the Chosun Dynasty, a period based on Confucianism. These colors acted as cultural codes with cultural significance. During the Modern times pink, light blue, and black increased in frequency and represented the reception of western culture, the changing sex role of women in society, and utilitarianism. In these days, neutral colors and grayish tones of all colors are the most significant colors of high frequency. The use of such colors is closely related to industrialization, mechanization, functionalism, and the changes of women's sex roles in the societies. They are used as cultural codes, especially to emphasize a rational and masculine image rather than a feminine image. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 71–79, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20290 相似文献
123.
从彩色混凝土喷射施工的特点出发,结合工程实例,分析了影响喷射彩色混凝土观感质量的原因和解决方法。指出彩色混凝土喷射工艺可以有效地解决大面积混凝土边坡与周围环境的协调性问题。 相似文献
124.
适用于实时协同编著系统的并发控制研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
实时协同编著系统是最受欢迎的实时CSCW应用系统之一,适用于实时协同编著系统的并发控制用于解决参与协同工作用户对共享对象操作时存在的冲突问题。本文对这种新的并发控制与适用于分布式数据库系统等的传统并发控制进行了比较,讨论了一些适用于实时协同编著系统并发控制方法的新评价参数,分析了传统并发控制方法应用到实时协同编著系统时所遇到的问题。最后,我们介绍了一些文献中已有原型系统所使用的并发控制方法。 相似文献
125.
Abstract This study deals with the modeling of air pollution in apartments from laboratory measurements of source strengths, using formaldehyde and Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOCs) as model pollutants. The sources in two test apartments were grouped into two: building-related sources and occupant-related sources. The measured source strengths and ventilation rates were used for the prediction of concentrations expected in the apartments. These predictions were compared to measurements in the apartment over 12 months. The conclusions were that the model predictions based on emission rates measured in the laboratory can be used to predict the long-term concentration of the two model pollutants in the apartments. Considering the measured differences in ventilation between the apartments, an occupant emission rate of between 0.2 and 0.3 mg/h/kg body weight could be estimated. Based on previous suggested limits of acceptable exposures of humans to VOCs, an acceptable average emission rate of VOCs from building materials in general was estimated to be about 30 (μ/m2/h. The modeling showed that during the first 200 days, building materials dominated the emissions. After this, sources relating to the occupants dominated. On average about half of the VOC pollution originated from the building materials. 相似文献
126.
CIE TC8‐01 has adopted a new color appearance model: CIECAM021 replaces the CIECAM97s.2 The new model consists of a number of refinements and simplifications of the CIECAM97s color appearance model. This article describes further tests to the robustness of the forward and reverse modes. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 30, 99–106, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20087 相似文献
127.
This article identifies the key issues involved in the debate about affirmative action. The June 2003 Supreme Court decisions allowing consideration of race to ensure that there is a "critical mass" of African American, Latino/Latina, and Native American applicants to higher education are addressed. Social psychologists have identified key myths and provided clarifications about the need for and consequences of strategies used to promote equal opportunity for persons of color and women. A brief history of affirmative action and of the problems it was designed to solve is provided. The accomplishments, benefits, and compelling interest of diversity and affirmative action are described, as well as the concerns and counterpoints. The lack of a substantial applicant pool in psychology hinders progress toward diversity. Alternative strategies for remedying this lack beyond affirmative admissions policies in psychology are briefly discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
128.
THE IMPORTANCE OF NEUTRAL EXAMPLES FOR LEARNING SENTIMENT 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Most research on learning to identify sentiment ignores "neutral" examples, learning only from examples of significant (positive or negative) polarity. We show that it is crucial to use neutral examples in learning polarity for a variety of reasons. Learning from negative and positive examples alone will not permit accurate classification of neutral examples. Moreover, the use of neutral training examples in learning facilitates better distinction between positive and negative examples. 相似文献
129.
针对拼接结构的高分辨率彩色等离子体大屏幕系统的应用,指出了刷新型电路模式的不足之处,提出了一种混合型模式的驱动电路。从彩色模块ACPDP的结构特性出发,详细讨论了该电路的工作原理,驱动波形以及放电过程。 相似文献
130.
Ralph W. Pridmore 《Color research and application》2007,32(6):469-476
Chromatic luminance (i.e., luminance of a monochromatic color) is the source of all luminance, since achromatic luminance arises only from mixing colors and their chromatic luminances. The ratio of chromatic luminance to total luminance (i.e., chromatic plus achromatic luminance) is known as colorimetric purity, and its measurement has long been problematic for nonspectral hues. Colorimetric purity (pc) is a luminance metric in contrast to excitation purity, which is a chromaticity‐diagram metric approximating saturation. The CIE definition of pc contains a fallacy. CIE defines maximum (1.0) pc for spectral stimuli as monochromatic (i.e., optimal) stimuli, and as the line between spectrum ends for nonspectrals. However, this line has <0.003 lm/W according to CIE colorimetric data and is therefore effectively invisible. It only represents the limit of theoretically attainable colors, and is of no practical use in color reproduction or color appearance. Required is a locus giving optimal rather than invisible nonspectral stimuli. The problem is partly semantic. CIE wisely adopted the term colorimetric purity, rather than the original spectral luminance purity, to permit an equivalent metric for spectrals and nonspectrals, but the parameter of equivalence was never clear. Since 1 pc denotes optimal aperture‐color stimuli for spectrals, arguably 1 pc should denote optimal stimuli consistently for all stimuli. The problem reduces to calculating optimal aperture‐color stimuli (“optimal” in energy efficiency in color‐matching) for nonspectrals, shown to comprise 442 + 613 nm in all CIE illuminants. This remedy merely requires redefinition of 1 pc for nonspectrals as the line 442–613 nm, and gives meaningful pc values over the hue cycle allowing new research of chromatic luminance relations with color appearance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 469–476, 2007 相似文献