Similar features in Z bands of both skeletal and cardiac muscle revealed by image enhancement

We have shown previously that the small square (ss) and basket weave (bw) states of the Z band lattice in cardiac and skeletal muscle are related to the contractile state of the muscle. We have used two-dimensional image processing techniques on digitized electron micrographs to enhance the structural features of each projected lattice form in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Four different processing techniques were employed to assess the effect of enhancement artifacts on the resulting Z band images. We observed only slight differences between enhanced images of a particular Z band form produced by the four different techniques. Every enhanced image showed an approximate four-fold symmetry independent of muscle type or Z band lattice form. Each enhanced image showed four cross-connecting Z-filaments which appeared to connect each axial filament to the four nearest axial filaments. In bw images from both cardiac and skeletal muscle, axial filaments had a greater apparent diameter and a greater interaxial filament spacing than in the ss images. In both muscle types, the cross-connecting Z-filaments appeared to overlap half-way between axial filaments in the ss images while the bw images showed no such overlap. These structural features are consistent with a dynamic Z band lattice that participates in muscle contraction.     

电磁兼容技术在电子产品中的应用

文章论述了电磁兼容(简称EMC)技术在电子产品设计中的重要性和意义。从电磁兼容的机理出发,对电子产品的电磁兼容性设计进行了理论分析,介绍了EMC设计如何识别产品的EMC关键元器件/模块以及如何进行合理布局和设计,并给出了电子产品电磁兼容设计实践方案。     

基于轨迹模式空间解耦及模式能量序列的振荡分析(二)算法及应用

基于状态空间中的模式解耦,及在时域中按其摆次分段,分析振荡能量的时序演化特性。利用互补群惯量中心—相对运动(CCCOI-RM)保稳变换,将非简谐振荡的多机轨迹严格映射为一系列映象上的时变单机系统轨迹,并通过后者在逐次摆动期间振荡能量的演变来刻画原多机系统的振荡行为,在时变单机映象系统的外力—位置平面上分析振荡能量的时空转换,量化其非保守性。文中分别以映象系统轨迹上的动态中心点(DCP)处的动能,及最远点(FEP)处的势能来反映该模式在过去半摆中的振荡总能量;以两者组成的能量序列反映该空间振荡模式的时变性。通过理论分析及数值仿真证实:在描述哈密顿单机系统振荡行为时,轨迹摆次能量序列与特征根分析完全一致,而在分析非哈密顿的单机系统或一般的多机系统时,轨迹摆次能量序列可以克服平衡点特征根的众多缺陷。     

基于STATCOM的风电场SSCI附加阻尼抑制策略

针对双馈型风力发电机经含固定串补的线路接入系统后发生的次同步控制互作用(SSCI)现象,文中提出一种基于静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)的附加阻尼控制器(SDC),推导了计及SDC时STATCOM的导纳模型,分析了其等效导纳的特点。结果表明,SDC增大了STATCOM在谐振频率处的等效导纳,使得STATCOM能够吸收系统中的振荡能量,增加了系统的阻尼。研究了SDC参数对阻尼特性的影响,包括移相角和比例增益,同时,给出了SDC反馈信号和STATCOM安装位置优化、选择的方案。理论分析和PSCAD/EMTDC仿真验证表明,基于STATCOM的SDC可以有效地抑制次同步控制相互作用,提高系统的稳定裕量。     

KSpaceNavigator as a tool for computer-assisted sample tilting in high-resolution imaging, tomography and defect analysis

This article describes a novel software tool, the KSpaceNavigator, which combines sample stage and crystallographic coordinates in a control sphere. It also provides simulated kinematic diffraction spot patterns, Kikuchi line patterns and a unit cell view in real time, thus allowing intuitive and transparent navigation in reciprocal space. By the overlay of experimental data with the simulations and some interactive alignment algorithms, zone axis orientations of the sample can be accessed quickly and with great ease. The software can be configured to work with any double-tilt or tilt–rotation stage and overcomes nonlinearities in existing goniometers by lookup tables. A subroutine for matching the polyhedral shape of a nanoparticle assists with 3D analysis and modeling. The new possibilities are demonstrated with the case of a faceted BaTiO₃ nanoparticle, which is tilted into three low-index zone axes using the piezo-controlled TEAM stage, and with a multiply twinned tetrahedral Ge precipitate in Al, which is tilted into four equivalent zone axes using a conventional double-tilt stage. Applications to other experimental scenarios are also outlined.     

大容量单螺杆压缩机的发展

阐述了单螺杆压缩机的发展动向，介绍了转子串联式大容量压缩机的结构方案及与其匹配的滑阀串联式能量调节机构。     

四极杆线性离子阱系统和预存干涉波的傅里叶逆变换技术

本文在回顾四极杆线性离子阱结构和原理的基础上,阐释了线性离子阱的电子系统和串联质谱的核心技术原理,介绍了预存干涉波的傅里叶逆变换技术在四极杆线性离子阱中的应用,特别是用于选择母离子。四极杆线性离子阱的加工精度要求适中、成本低、电路设计和控制(包括射频和直流)相对容易,使其在研发方面具有较大优势。线性离子阱特有的MS^n、碰撞冷却、较高的灵敏度和分辨率,以及选择性的离子储存和激发能力都使其拥有广阔的应用前景。预存干涉波的傅里叶逆变换技术的应用使得母离子被特异性驻留,而非母离子通过共振被甩出,提高了线性离子阱的分析能力。     

Hybrid approach to distribution planning reflecting a stochastic supply chain

Today’s business environment is experiencing as a period of expansion and the globalization. Therefore, a distribution plan with low cost and high customer satisfaction in supply chain management (SCM) has been widely investigated. The purpose of this study is to establish optimal distribution planning in the supply chain. In this paper, a hybrid approach involving a genetic algorithm (GA) and simulation is presented to solve this problem. The GA is employed in order to quickly generate feasible distribution sequences. Considering uncertain factors such as queuing, breakdowns and repairing time in the supply chain, the simulation is used to minimize completion time for the distribution plan. The computational results for an example of a simple supply chain are given and discussed to validate the proposed approach. We obtained a more realistic distribution plan with optimal completion time by performing the iterative hybrid GA simulation procedure which reflects the stochastic nature of supply chains.     

平稳时间序列高斯性检验的积分多谱方法

利用积分多谱给出了一种平稳时间序列的高斯性检验方法,并通过仿真实验进行了验证。