The effects of individual differences and visual instructional aids on disorientation,learning performance and attitudes in a Hypermedia Learning System

Research suggests that certain visual instructional aids can reduce levels of disorientation and increase learning performance in, and positive attitudes towards, HLS for learners with specific individual differences. However, existing studies have looked at only one or two individual differences at a time, and/or considered only a small number of visual instructional aids. No study has considered the impact of the three most commonly studied individual differences – cognitive style, domain knowledge and computer experience – on learning performance, disorientation and attitudes in a HLS incorporating a full range of visual instructional aids. The study reported here addresses this shortcoming, examining the effects of, and between, these three individual differences in relation to learning performance, disorientation and attitudes in two HLS versions: one that incorporated a full set of visual instructional aids and one that did not. Significant effects were found between the three individual differences with respect to disorientation, learning performance and attitudes in the HLS that provided no instructional aids, whereas no such effects were found for the other HLS version. Analysis of the results led to a set of HLS design guidelines, presented in the paper, and the development of an agenda for future research. Limitations of the study and their implications for the generalizability of the findings are also presented.     

基于Petri网超媒体模型的分析与比较

超媒体建模研究是当前一个重要研究方向。基于Petri网理论的模型是对有向图模型的改进,与其他模型比较,能够更好地刻画超媒体系统。原因如下:Petri网是一个二部有向图,适合于说明超媒体的链接机制;Petri网是一种天然的具有并行执行语义的自动机,模型可以自然地表达超媒体系统中的动态执行语义;Petri网能够说明各种顺序、并发和同步活动,满足描述多媒体表现的需要;利用Petri网的图形特性和严格的数学基础,人们可以检查和分析超媒体中的潜在问题。该文着重对四个典型的基于Petri网的超媒体模型:MHPN、HCPN、MORENA和HTSPN模型进行分析和比较。     

SKY：一个面向方案设计的超媒体智能开发环境

为了有效地支持方案设计，一个智能开发工具应具有哪些特征呢？作者认为将设计过程支持与设计信息管理集成在同一环境下可创造一个人机一体化的方案设计环境，本文介绍了一个作者开放的用于支持方案设计的智能设计开发环境ＳＫＹ《ＳＫＹ同时具有智能开发工具和超媒体系统的特点。文中给出了ＳＫＹ的总体结构，并且对ＳＫＹ的关键技术；面向对象知识表示，支持设计过程、问题求解策略和超媒体设计信息管理作出详细的讨论。最后介绍了     

基于XSL转换超媒体课件文档的研究与实现

基于XSL的转换技术提供了强大的机制和功能,可以实现多种文件变换。它具有部分高级编程语言的特征,因而利用XSL可以方便灵活地转换异构的超媒体XML文档。文中介绍了一个利用XML技术的超媒体课件系统,该系统使用XML保存课件内容,利用XSL来重新组织课件和指示课件对外表示的模式或风格,根据超媒体课件在不同场合不同情况下根据要求展现不同的外在风格和形式。通过应用XML及其XSL的超媒体文档格式转换,描述了基于XSL对超媒体课件文档的转换应用,并实现了基于XML的超媒体课件系统。     

Modelling hypermedia and web applications: the Ariadne Development Method

The development process of hypermedia and web systems poses very specific problems that do not appear in other software applications, such as the need for mechanisms to model sophisticated navigational structures, interactive behaviors, interfaces with external applications, security constraints and multimedia compositions. Even though experience, modelling skills and abstractions can be borrowed from existing software design methods, such as object-oriented modelling, hypermedia developers need specific mechanisms to analyze and design using entities that belong to the hypermedia domain (such as nodes, links, anchors and space and time-based relationships). Moreover, hypermedia methods should provide mechanisms to deal with all the aforementioned features in a progressive and integrated way. In this paper, we present the Ariadne Development Method (ADM), a software engineering method that proposes a systematic, flexible, integrative and platform-independent process to specify and evaluate hypermedia and web applications. ADM has been shown particularly useful in complex systems involving a huge number of users with different abilities to access information, with a complex structure where a huge number of nodes have to be organized in a clear way to produce specifications that are discussed by people with an heterogeneous background. This is the case of ARCE, a Latin American project where 21 countries are cooperating to produce a web platform to improve assistance in disaster mitigation situations.     

基于Petri网的超媒体模型HPN

本文提出了一个基于Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的超媒体形式化模型ＨＰＮ。它采用层次组织,各层由一个扩展Ｐｅｔｒｉ网、若干对象以及Ｐｅｔｒｉ网与对象之间的映射表示,通过Ｐｅｔｒｉ网结构和执行语义说明超媒体的连接机制、浏览和媒体表现,具有刻画超媒体主要性质的能力。文中给出了ＨＰＮ模型的模式化定义并举说明其用途。     

An analysis of pupils' reflective writing within a hypermedia framework

This paper is based on an action research project which was undertaken in order to explore further the ways in which reflective writing supports pupils' learning. The emphasis here is on one part of the research which involved an analysis of pupils' writing. Twenty four pupils, in one GCSE group, were given two writing activities. The first activity required pupils to write up their work with support from the teacher. The second activity involved pupils writing up their work with support both from the teacher and from a hypermedia reflective writing framework. The writing was then analysed sentence by sentence and the results compared. This comparison suggests that there were improvements in pupils' ability to reason when they were further supported by a hypermedia reflective writing framework.     

Augmented reality as an interface to adaptive hypermedia systems

Adaptive Hypermedia has sought to tackle the problems of dealing with complex, heavily structured information and the presentation of views of that structure to users. Increasingly, adaptive content is achieved through different forms of context. Using two case-study applications, we will reflect on how Augmented Reality may present solutions to a number of Adaptive Hypermedia presentation problems. Each case study describes a different physical interaction metaphor for exposing the complex adaptation of hypermedia content in an intuitive way. The preliminary findings of our early evaluations are discussed. Finally, conclusions are drawn as to how Augmented Reality applications could use the modelling techniques of the Adaptive Hypermedia community to deal more easily with complex information.     

多媒体智能数据库系统MIDS／BUAA的总体设计

1.引言近二十年内,传统数据库(特别是RDB)技术获得了极大发展和广泛应用。但是,自八十年代以来,随着硬件造价的持续下降,人们对数据库提出了更多和更高的需(要)求,促