Parallel compilation: A design and its application to SIMULA 67

A design for a separate compilation facility for the SIMULA 67 programming language is presented. The paper explores the problems with existing separate compilation schemes, and proposes a new scheme that allows top-down, bottom-up, or even parallel development and integration of program modules. An evaluation of the proposal and a discussion of its applicability to other languages are then given.     

基于嵌入式Linux的打印控制系统的设计

本文介绍了一种基于嵌入式Linux的打印控制系统,并给出了软、硬件的整体设计方案。这一方案应用先进的ARM嵌入式技术,使当前必须由计算机来驱动的打印机,完全脱离了计算机的束缚,形成一套完整独立的打印系统,能完成预览、编辑、控制、打印的功能。     

Towards Incremental Fuzzy Classifiers

Fuzzy classification systems (FCS) are traditionally built from observations (data points) in an off-line one shot-experiment. Once the learning phase is exhausted, the classifier is no more capable to learn further knowledge from new observations nor is it able to update itself in the future. This paper investigates the problem of incremental learning in the context of FCS. It shows how, in contrast to off-line or batch learning, incremental learning infers knowledge in the form of fuzzy rules from data that evolves over time. To accommodate incremental learning, appropriate mechanisms are applied in all steps of the FCS construction: (1) Incremental supervised clustering to generate granules in a progressive manner, (2) Systematic and automatic update of fuzzy partitions, (3) Incremental feature selection using an incremental version of Fisher’s interclass separability criterion. The effect of incrementality on various aspects is demonstrated via a numerical evaluation.     

Efficient tracking of moving objects using a relational database

Tracking uncooperative moving objects by means of radar is a complex task due to clutter and association problems in multi-target scenarios. An approach to solve this problem is probabilistic multiple hypothesis tracking (PMHT). This method combines classical track filtering with a likelihood ratio test for the estimation of the plot-to-track association. The basics of PMHT and similar algorithms have gained much attention recently. However, the efficient implementation of real world applications of this technique still represents a challenging task. Since a common requirement in this context is the reliable storage of track data in a database, an implementation of the tracker's calculation inside a database management system (DBMS) using SQL views is desirable. A naive implementation of PMHT using a commercial DBMS, however, usually leads to performance problems because of the high frequency of measurement updates. In this paper, we propose possible optimizations for solving these performance problems. Their usage leads to a dramatic run-time improvement in our sample case and makes the implementation of PMHT in a database context feasible.     

亭子口水利枢纽工程环保监理细则编制与实施

针对亭子口水利枢纽工程建设期环境保护监理实施细则编制和实施问题,解剖了其编写、实践、修订等的全过程,并论述、探讨了编审、实施工作过程的规范、原则、动态、渐进性。其经过数次编写、审改、试行、修订的大坝I标等8个项目环保监理实施细则,在投入实际监理工作3年多的运用实践中,取得了良好的效果。     

《滑动模板工程技术规范》(GB 50113-2005)内容简介

对新修订的《滑动模板工程技术规范》（GB50113—2005）的编制背景、修订原则及主要修订内容加以介绍,对其中的强制性条文及有关问题作了说明。     

基于深层条件随机场的生物医学命名实体识别*

生物医学命名实体识别是从生物医学文献中获取关键知识的基础与关键任务.文中提出基于深层条件随机场的生物医学命名实体识别方法,构建多层结构的深层条件随机场模型,在不同层次的特征上结合增量式学习策略,选择最优特征集.最后通过基于〈全名,缩写〉对和基于领域信息的错误纠正算法,进一步修正识别结果.在生物医学命名实体评测语料JNLPBA上的实验验证文中方法的有效性.     

Achieving Incremental Compilation through Fine-grained Builds

Traditional programming environments represent program source code as a set of source files. These files have various ‘dependencies’ on each other, such that a file needs recompilation if it depends on a file which has changed. A ‘build tool’ is used to process these dependencies and bring the application ‘up-to-date’. An example of a build tool is the UNIX ‘make’. This paper examines what happens when the dependencies used by the build tool are expressed between functions (or objects) rather than between files. Qualitative differences arise from the difference in granularity. The result is an effective incremental compilation programming environment, based on the C++ language. It is called ‘Barbados’, and is fully implemented. The environment resembles an interpreter in that changes to source code appear to be immediately reflected in all object code, except that errors are reported early as in compiled systems. Incremental compilation is not a well-used technology, possibly because the ‘fine-grain build’ problem is not well understood. Nevertheless, incremental compilation systems do exist. The advantages of the system described here are that it works with relatively standard compilation technology, it works for the C++ language including the preprocessor, it is an elegant solution and it is more efficient than competing algorithms. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多轴载荷作用下减振器耐久性试验载荷谱编制

传统的减振器耐久性试验只考虑减振器的垂向载荷,对于水平力的加载没有统一的标准,导致试验结果不准确,针对该问题,结合实测用户道路载荷,提出了一种考虑多轴载荷作用的载荷谱编制方法。为了分析某型轿车出现减振器失效漏油的原因,采用低频信号叠加高频信号的方式构建载荷谱,运用半功率带宽法和最大线速度原理确定低频及高频信号,并进行了垂向力及水平力同时加载的减振器台架耐久性试验。试验结果表明,在水平力作用下减振器寿命受到较大影响,且失效里程与调查结果基本吻合,由此说明所编制的耐久性试验载荷谱能够较为准确地复现减振器的实际工作情况,可为减振器的设计和改进提供技术支持。     

GB/T 38591—2020《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》解读

近年来，美国和日本等国家相继提出了城市抗震韧性的概念并进行了相关研究，对建筑结构的抗震性能要求由“安全性”提升到了“韧性”的层面。我国市场监督管理总局和标准化管理委员会于2020年3月31日联合发布了GB/T 38591—2020《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》，该标准将于2021年2月1日实施。为了帮助使用者更深入地理解标准，对抗震韧性的研究现状和我国的建筑抗震性能化设计方法进行综述，对该标准的编制背景、过程，以及各章节内容进行简要介绍，对标准的关键条文进行深入解读，详细说明了建筑抗震韧性评级流程、抗震韧性评价指标以及指标的计算方法。标准中建立了本土化的构件易损性数据库，对于建筑震后修复时间提出了明确的修复路径和计算方法，使得评级的标准更清晰统一。